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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    3-D edge element analysis of dielectric loaded resonant cavities (1994)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Numerical Modelling: Electronic Networks, Devices and Fields 7 (1994), S. 35-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 0894-3370
    Keywords: Engineering ; Electrical and Electronics Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The eigenmodes in electromagnetic cavities, loaded with arbitrarily shaped dielectric materials, are computed by the edge element method. The computation shows that the well known ‘spurious modes’ no longer appear. Formulae are given and verified so that the number of zero eigenvalues, which come from ∇ × H = 0, may be accurately predicted. Formulae for the order and density of the global matrices are given for a rectangular cavity regularly divided into bricks and tetrahedra, allowing an associated comparison between the contrasting edge and nodal element formulations. Comparison of the computed results with available theoretical and previously published data show the edge element approach to be a robust, accurate and effective method.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jnm.1660070105
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of the Size Distribution of Boron Powders as Measured by Malvern Diffractometer and Coulter Counter (1988)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 5 (1988), S. 116-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Aspects of measuring the particle size distribution and median diameters of fine boron powders have been investigated. It has been demonstrated that high concentrations, typically 20 w/o, of wetting agent are necessary in a predispersion stage, especially if the material has a wide range of particle size. Measurements were made with both Coulter counting and a light scattering technique from which it has been demonstrated that for particles of median diameter in the range 10-30 μm, the latter oversizes with respect to the former by as much as 30%.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19880050303
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biospecific adsorption of lysozyme onto monoclonal antibody ligand immobilized on nonporous silica particles (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 34 (1989), S. 467-477 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: It is very important to understand the equilibrium and dynamic characteristics of biospecific adsorption (affinity chromatography) for both scientific and application purposes. Experimental equilibrium and dynamic column data are presented on the adsorption of lysozyme onto antibody immobilized on nonporous silica particles. The Langmuir model is found to represent the equilibrium experimental data satisfactorily, and the equilibrium association constants and heats of adsorption have been estimated for two systems with different ligand densities. The effects of nonspecific interactions are more pronounced in the system with low-density ligand. The dynamic interaction kinetic parameters are estimated by matching the predictions of a fixed-bed model with the experimental breakthrough curves. The agreement between theory and experiment is good for the initial phases of breakthrough, where the mechanism of biospecific adsorption is dominant. In the later phase (saturation neighborhood) of breakthrough, the effects of nonspecific interactions appear to be greater in the low-density ligand system. The kinetics of the nonspecific interactions were estimated from the data of the later phase of breakthrough and were found to be considerably slower than those attributed to biospecific adsorption.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260340406
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Turbulence phenomena at free surfaces (1972)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 18 (1972), S. 169-173 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Gas absorption by eddies at the free surface of a strongly turbulent liquid is interpreted quantitatively in terms of the Levich approach. The mass transfer coefficient is calculated to vary as Re to a relatively high power (1.3 to 1.5).Experiments on free turbulent jets of liquids in gas are in general accord with this theory. For turbulent films of liquids flowing over large roughness elements in “wake-interference” flow, the turbulence is anomalously efective in promoting gas absorption.Traces of surface-active agents suppress the surface renewal. This is analyzed theoretically: the results compare favorably with gas-absorption for stirred cells and flow experiments over smooth plates. For “wake-interference” flow over rough plates, the reduction in the rate of gas absorption by surface-active material is more pronounced than predicted for ordinary turbulence. But even in the presence of a surface-active agent, the roughness still gives an advantage in mass transfer rates as compared with smooth plates.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690180131
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Turbulence and surface renewal at the clean surface of a stirred vessel (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 502-504 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300327
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new stabilizing index to correlate foam height (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 599-600 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210327
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of the surface ages of water jets (1978)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 24 (1978), S. 524-530 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Experimental values of the surface velocities vs of water jets have been obtained by high speed flash cine photography of talc particles on the surfaces of both laminar and turbulent jets. Values of the surface ages as defined variously by Defay and Hommelen (1958), Hansen (1964), and Harper (1973) have been obtained from our data for both pure water and for dilute solutions of surface active agents.We find, by comparison with published entry length corrections for gas absorption, that x/vs gives the most reasonable age of the surface at any distance x along a jet of pure water.If a surface active agent is present in the water, the amount of adsorption of a few millimeters downstream from the nozzle is of the order ten times greater than calculated for laminar jets and five to six times greater than calculated for turbulent jets at Ren = 18 800. This we ascribe to liquid circulation in the jet adjacent to the nozzle, caused by the Marangoni surface flow, which also reduces vs significantly.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690240318
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Osteoclastic resorption of calcium phosphates is potentiated in postosteogenic culture conditions (1994)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 28 (1994), S. 105-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Cell-mediated resorption of densely sintered hydroxyapatite (HA1250), tricalcium phosphate (TCP), and 600° or 900°C calcined hydroxyapatite (HA600 and HA900, respectively), was investigated by using two culture systems. The first was an osteoclastic cell culture, and the second was a two-stage culture that was composed of a bonelike tissue formation on the substrata in the first stage and its subsequent resorption by osteoclasts in the second stage. Neither of the materials showed resorption or surface alterations in the osteoclastic cell culture, except for some limited phagocytotic activity on HA600 and HA900. In the two-stage culture, production of mineralized extracellular matrix was only observed on HA1250 and TCP, and its subsequent resorption by osteoclastlike cells was evident. Small and occasionally larger tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase positive cells produced 20-150 μm diameter resorption pits in both the mineralized extracellular matrix on HA1250 and TCP and TCP and the surfaces of HA600 and HA900. Resorption of the mineralized extracellular matrix on TCP also resulted in degradation of the underlying ceramic surface, mainly initiating from intergrain boundaries, whereas the surface of HA1250 remained unaltered. The results of this study clearly demonstrate that osteoclastic resorption of calcium phosphates is potentiated in postosteogenic culture conditions. A possible role for bone matrix constituents in cell-mediated resorption is hypothesized, whereas the occurrence of resorption seems to be mainly governed by the combined effects of material characteristics such as grain size and crystal structure. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820280114
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The bone-titanium interface in vitro (1990)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 24 (1990), S. 1289-1306 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Commercially pure 5-mm-diameter titanium (cpTi) discs received droplet inoculations of cells derived from rat bone marrow and were maintained in supplemented culture medium for 2-3 weeks. The cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) were processed for observation by light (LM), scanning (SEM), and transmission electron (TEM) microscopy. The latter was achieved by freeze-fracturing the solid metal from the resin-embedded tissue using a method which preserved the interface. Surface staining of whole discs revealed cells separated from the metal substratum by areas of ECM which stained positively using von Kossa's method to identify mineralization. At SEM, the ECM comprised dense interwoven collagen fiber networks which were partially obscured by globular masses (GMs). Individual GMs were associated with collagen fibers, especially at fiber intersections. EDAX line scan analysis confirmed the presence of Ca and P in these areas which were assumed to be spheritic foci of calcification since the Ca and P peaks diminished in areas which demonstrated only collagen fibers or the underlying cpTi. TEM examination confirmed the presence of globular mineralization and also revealed the presence of an interfacial zone between the metal substratum and the mineralized ECM elaborated by osteoblasts during the culture period. The interfacial zone comprised two layers, a bonding zone containing few collagen fragments and a ruthenium red positive layer containing more densely packed collagen fibers. We believe that this is the first report of both the formation of bonelike tissue on solid titanium substrata in vitro and demonstration of an interface which bears close morphological similarities to that known to develop in vivo.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820241003
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Behavior of primary bone cells on characterized polystyrene surfaces (1993)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 27 (1993), S. 851-859 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Primary bone cells, isolated from the periosteally stripped calvariae of neonate rats, were cultured on 60Co γ-irradiation-sterilized bacteriologic-grade polystyrene that had been either surface treated with concentrated sulfuric acid or received further γ-irradiation treatments facilitated cell colonization of the polystyrene compared to those surfaces not treated in the laboratory. x-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed that the two treatments introduced different chemical groups onto the polymer surface and that cell adhesion was related to γ-irradiation in a dose-dependent manner. These results show that simple biologic assays, such as cell colonization, are not able to distinguish between differences in surface chemistry demonstrated by such a routinely employed surface analysis technique. Thus, there is a need to develop more sensitive biologic assays that provide functional information of a precision that can be correlated with subtle changes in substratum surface chemistry. Further, we argue that because cells isolated by tissue digestion using proteolytic enzymes respond more readily to changes in the surface chemistry of the substratum they colonize, compared to explanted cells; biologic assays designed for biomaterials testing must take into account changes effected in cell adhesion behavior by isolation procedures. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820270703
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