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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2016-07-15
    Description: Fresh material, type studies and molecular phylogeny were used to clarify phylogenetic relationships of the nine genera Acrocordiella, Blogiascospora, Clypeosphaeria, Hymenopleella, Lepteutypa, Pseudapiospora, Requienella, Seiridium and Strickeria. At first sight, some of these genera do not seem to have much in common, but all were found to belong to the Xylariales, based on their generic types. Thus, the most peculiar finding is the phylogenetic affinity of the genera Acrocordiella, Requienella and Strickeria, which had been classified in the Dothideomycetes or Eurotiomycetes, to the Xylariales. Acrocordiella and Requienella are closely related but distinct genera of the Requienellaceae. Although their ascospores are similar to those of Lepteutypa, phylogenetic analyses do not reveal a particularly close relationship. The generic type of Lepteutypa, L. fuckelii, belongs to the Amphisphaeriaceae. Lepteutypa sambuci is newly described. Hymenopleella is recognised as phylogenetically distinct from Lepteutypa, and Hymenopleella hippophaëicola is proposed as new name for its generic type, Sphaeria (= Lepteutypa) hippophaës. Clypeosphaeria uniseptata is combined in Lepteutypa. No asexual morphs have been detected in species of Lepteutypa. Pseudomassaria fallax, unrelated to the generic type, P. chondrospora, is transferred to the new genus Basiseptospora, the genus Pseudapiospora is revived for P. corni, and Pseudomassaria carolinensis is combined in Beltraniella (Beltraniaceae). The family Clypeosphaeriaceae is discontinued, because the generic type of Clypeosphaeria, C. mamillana, is a member of the Xylariaceae. The genus Seiridium, of which the sexual morph Blogiascospora is confirmed, is unrelated to Lepteutypa, as is Lepteutypa cupressi. The taxonomy of the cypress canker agents is discussed. The family Sporocadaceae is revived for a large clade of the Xylariales that contains Hymenopleella, Seiridium and Strickeria among a number of other genera. Neotypes are proposed for Massaria fuckelii and Sphaeria hippophaës. Didymella vexata, Seiridium marginatum, Sphaeria corni, Sphaeria hippophaës, Sphaeria seminuda are epitypified, Apiosporina fallax, Massaria occulta, Sphaeria mamillana and Strickeria kochii are lecto- and epitypified. We also provide DNA data for Broomella vitalbae, Cainia desmazieri and Creosphaeria sassafras.
    Keywords: Ascomycota ; Dothideomycetes ; new genus ; phylogenetic analysis ; pyrenomycetes ; Pyrenulales ; Sordariomycetes ; Xylariales
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: Article / Letter to the editor
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2019-05-17
    Description: Based on DNA sequence data, the genus Leptosillia is shown to belong to the Xylariales. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of ITS-LSU rDNAsequence data and of a combined matrix of SSU-ITS-LSU rDNA, rpb1, rpb2, tef1 and tub2 reveal that the genera Cresporhaphis and Liberomyces are congeneric with Leptosillia. Coelosphaeria fusariospora, Leptorhaphis acerina, Leptorhaphis quercus f. macrospora, Leptorhaphis pinicola, Leptorhaphis wienkampii, Liberomyces pistaciae, Sphaeria muelleri and Zignoëlla slaptonensis are combined in Leptosillia, and all of these taxa except for C. fusariospora, L. pinicola and L. pistaciae are epitypified. Coelosphaeria fusariospora and Cresporhaphis rhoina are lectotypified. Liberomyces macrosporus and L. saliciphilus, which were isolated as phloem and sapwood endophytes, are shown to be synonyms of Leptosillia macrospora and L. wienkampii, respectively.All species formerly placed in Cresporhaphis that are now transferred to Leptosillia are revealed to be non-lichenized. Based on morphology and ecology, Cresporhaphis chibaensis is synonymised with Rhaphidicyrtis trichosporella, and C. rhoina is considered to be unrelated to the genus Leptosillia, but its generic affinities cannot be resolved in lack of DNA sequence data. Phylogenetic analyses place Leptosillia as sister taxon to Delonicicolaceae, and based on morphological and ecological differences, the new family Leptosilliaceae is established. Furfurella, a new genus with the three new species, F. luteostiolata, F. nigrescens and F. stromatica, growing on dead branches of mediterranean fabaceous shrubs from tribe Genisteae, is revealed to be the closest relative of Delonicicola in the family Delonicicolaceae, which is emended. ITS rDNAsequence data retrieved from GenBank demonstrate that the Leptosilliaceae were frequently isolated or sequenced as endophytes from temperate to tropical regions, and show that the genus Leptosillia represents a widely distributed component of endophyte communities of woody plants.
    Keywords: Ascomycota ; Diaporthales ; eight new combinations ; five new taxa ; phylogenetic analysis ; pyrenomycetes ; Sordariomycetes
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: Article / Letter to the editor
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  • 3
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    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi (1878-9080) vol.42 (2019) p.36
    Publication Date: 2018-08-17
    Description: Phylogenetic analyses of a combined DNA data matrix containing nuclear small and large subunits (nSSU, nLSU) and mitochondrial small subunit (mtSSU) ribosomal RNA and the largest and second largest subunits of the RNA polymerase II (rpb1, rpb2) of representative Pezizomycotina revealed that the enigmatic genera Xylobotryum and Cirrosporium form an isolated, highly supported phylogenetic lineage within Leotiomyceta. Acknowledging their morphological and phylogenetic distinctness, we describe the new class Xylobotryomycetes, containing the new order Xylobotryales with the two new families Xylobotryaceae and Cirrosporiaceae. The two currently accepted species of Xylobotryum, X. andinum and X. portentosum, are described and illustrated by light and scanning electron microscopy. The generic type species X. andinum is epitypified with a recent collection for which a culture and sequence data are available. Acknowledging the phylogenetic distinctness of Candelariomycetidae from Lecanoromycetes revealed in previous and the current phylogenetic analyses, the new class Candelariomycetes is proposed.
    Keywords: Ascomycota ; Dothideomycetes ; Eurotiomycetes ; five new taxa ; multigene phylogenetic analyses ; pyrenomycetes ; Sordariomycetes
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: Article / Letter to the editor
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  • 4
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    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi (1878-9080) vol.38 (2017) p.136
    Publication Date: 2017-01-20
    Description: Molecular phylogenetic analyses of ITS-LSU rDNA sequence data demonstrate that Melanconis species occurring on Juglandaceae are phylogenetically distinct from Melanconis s.str., and therefore the new genus Juglanconis is described. Morphologically, the genus Juglanconis differs from Melanconis by light to dark brown conidia with irregular verrucae on the inner surface of the conidial wall, while in Melanconis s.str. they are smooth. Juglanconis forms a separate clade not affiliated with a described family of Diaporthales, and the family Juglanconidaceae is introduced to accommodate it. Data of macro- and microscopic morphology and phylogenetic multilocus analyses of partial nuSSU-ITS-LSU rDNA, cal, his, ms204, rpb1, rpb2, tef1 and tub2 sequences revealed four distinct species of Juglanconis. Comparison of the markers revealed that tef1 introns are the best performing markers for species delimitation, followed by cal, ms204 and tub2. The ITS, which is the primary barcoding locus for fungi, is amongst the poorest performing markers analysed, due to the comparatively low number of informative characters. Melanconium juglandinum (= Melanconis carthusiana), M. oblongum (= Melanconis juglandis) and M. pterocaryae are formally combined into Juglanconis, and J. appendiculata is described as a new species. Melanconium juglandinum and Melanconis carthusiana are neotypified and M. oblongum and Diaporthe juglandis are lectotypified. A short description and illustrations of the holotype of Melanconium ershadii from Pterocarya fraxinifolia are given, but based on morphology it is not considered to belong to Juglanconis. A key to all treated species of Juglanconis is provided.
    Keywords: Ascomycota ; Diaporthales ; molecular phylogeny ; new species ; pathogen ; systematics
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: Article / Letter to the editor
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Based on DNA sequence data, the genus Leptosillia is shown to belong to the Xylariales. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of ITS-LSU rDNAsequence data and of a combined matrix of SSU-ITS-LSU rDNA, rpb1, rpb2, tef1 and tub2 reveal that the genera Cresporhaphis and Liberomyces are congeneric with Leptosillia. Coelosphaeria fusariospora, Leptorhaphis acerina, Leptorhaphis quercus f. macrospora, Leptorhaphis pinicola, Leptorhaphis wienkampii, Liberomyces pistaciae, Sphaeria muelleri and Zigno\xc3\xablla slaptonensis are combined in Leptosillia, and all of these taxa except for C. fusariospora, L. pinicola and L. pistaciae are epitypified. Coelosphaeria fusariospora and Cresporhaphis rhoina are lectotypified. Liberomyces macrosporus and L. saliciphilus, which were isolated as phloem and sapwood endophytes, are shown to be synonyms of Leptosillia macrospora and L. wienkampii, respectively.All species formerly placed in Cresporhaphis that are now transferred to Leptosillia are revealed to be non-lichenized. Based on morphology and ecology, Cresporhaphis chibaensis is synonymised with Rhaphidicyrtis trichosporella, and C. rhoina is considered to be unrelated to the genus Leptosillia, but its generic affinities cannot be resolved in lack of DNA sequence data. Phylogenetic analyses place Leptosillia as sister taxon to Delonicicolaceae, and based on morphological and ecological differences, the new family Leptosilliaceae is established. Furfurella, a new genus with the three new species, F. luteostiolata, F. nigrescens and F. stromatica, growing on dead branches of mediterranean fabaceous shrubs from tribe Genisteae, is revealed to be the closest relative of Delonicicola in the family Delonicicolaceae, which is emended. ITS rDNAsequence data retrieved from GenBank demonstrate that the Leptosilliaceae were frequently isolated or sequenced as endophytes from temperate to tropical regions, and show that the genus Leptosillia represents a widely distributed component of endophyte communities of woody plants.
    Keywords: Ascomycota ; Diaporthales ; eight new combinations ; five new taxa ; phylogenetic analysis ; pyrenomycetes ; Sordariomycetes
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 6
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    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi vol. 42, pp. 36-49
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Phylogenetic analyses of a combined DNA data matrix containing nuclear small and large subunits (nSSU, nLSU) and mitochondrial small subunit (mtSSU) ribosomal RNA and the largest and second largest subunits of the RNA polymerase II (rpb1, rpb2) of representative Pezizomycotina revealed that the enigmatic genera Xylobotryum and Cirrosporium form an isolated, highly supported phylogenetic lineage within Leotiomyceta. Acknowledging their morphological and phylogenetic distinctness, we describe the new class Xylobotryomycetes, containing the new order Xylobotryales with the two new families Xylobotryaceae and Cirrosporiaceae. The two currently accepted species of Xylobotryum, X. andinum and X. portentosum, are described and illustrated by light and scanning electron microscopy. The generic type species X. andinum is epitypified with a recent collection for which a culture and sequence data are available. Acknowledging the phylogenetic distinctness of Candelariomycetidae from Lecanoromycetes revealed in previous and the current phylogenetic analyses, the new class Candelariomycetes is proposed.
    Keywords: Ascomycota ; Dothideomycetes ; Eurotiomycetes ; five new taxa ; multigene phylogenetic analyses ; pyrenomycetes ; Sordariomycetes
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 7
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    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi vol. 33 no. 1, pp. 182-211
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Based on type studies and freshly collected material we here re-instate the genus Thyronectria (Nectriaceae, Hypocreales). Species of this genus were recently for the most part classi\xef\xac\x81ed in the genera Pleonectria (Nectriaceae) or Mattirolia (Thyridiaceae), because Thyronectria and other genera had been identi\xef\xac\x81ed as members of the Thyridiaceae due to the presence of paraphyses. Molecular phylogenies based on several markers (act, ITS, LSU rDNA, rpb1, rpb2, tef1, tub) revealed that the Nectriaceae contain members whose ascomata are characterised by long, more or less persistent, apical paraphyses. All of these belong to a single genus, Thyronectria, which thus has representatives with hyaline, rosy, green or even dark brown and sometimes distoseptate ascospores. The type species of Thyronectria, T. rhodochlora, syn. T. patavina, syn. T. pyrrhochlora is re-described and illustrated. Within the Nectriaceae persistent, apical paraphyses are common in Thyronectria and rarely also occur in Nectria. The genus Mattirolia is revised and merged with Thyronectria and also Thyronectroidea is regarded as a synonym of Thyronectria. The three new species T. asturiensis, T. caudata and T. obscura are added to the genus. Species recently described in Pleonectria as well as some species of Mattirolia are combined in the genus, and a key to Thyronectria is provided. Five species are epitypi\xef\xac\x81ed. The type species of the genus Thyridium (Thyridiaceae), T. vestitum, is included in phylogenetic analyses to illustrate the phylogenetic distance of Thyronectria from the Thyridiaceae.
    Keywords: act ; Ascomycota ; Hypocreales ; Mattirolia ; Nectriaceae ; new species ; Pleonectria ; pyrenomycetes ; rpb1 ; rpb2 ; tef1 ; tub ; Thyridiaceae ; Thyridium ; Thyronectroidea
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 8
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    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi vol. 38, pp. 136-155
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Molecular phylogenetic analyses of ITS-LSU rDNA sequence data demonstrate that Melanconis species occurring on Juglandaceae are phylogenetically distinct from Melanconis s.str., and therefore the new genus Juglanconis is described. Morphologically, the genus Juglanconis differs from Melanconis by light to dark brown conidia with irregular verrucae on the inner surface of the conidial wall, while in Melanconis s.str. they are smooth. Juglanconis forms a separate clade not affiliated with a described family of Diaporthales, and the family Juglanconidaceae is introduced to accommodate it. Data of macro- and microscopic morphology and phylogenetic multilocus analyses of partial nuSSU-ITS-LSU rDNA, cal, his, ms204, rpb1, rpb2, tef1 and tub2 sequences revealed four distinct species of Juglanconis. Comparison of the markers revealed that tef1 introns are the best performing markers for species delimitation, followed by cal, ms204 and tub2. The ITS, which is the primary barcoding locus for fungi, is amongst the poorest performing markers analysed, due to the comparatively low number of informative characters. Melanconium juglandinum (= Melanconis carthusiana), M. oblongum (= Melanconis juglandis) and M. pterocaryae are formally combined into Juglanconis, and J. appendiculata is described as a new species. Melanconium juglandinum and Melanconis carthusiana are neotypified and M. oblongum and Diaporthe juglandis are lectotypified. A short description and illustrations of the holotype of Melanconium ershadii from Pterocarya fraxinifolia are given, but based on morphology it is not considered to belong to Juglanconis. A key to all treated species of Juglanconis is provided.
    Keywords: Ascomycota ; Diaporthales ; molecular phylogeny ; new species ; pathogen ; systematics
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 9
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    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi vol. 33 no. 1, pp. 61-82
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Following the abolishment of dual nomenclature, Stilbospora is recognised as having priority over Prosthecium. The type species of Stilbospora, S. macrosperma, is the correct name for P. ellipsosporum, the type species of Prosthecium. The closely related genus Stegonsporium is maintained as distinct from Stilbospora based on molecular phylogeny, morphology and host range. Stilbospora longicornuta and S. orientalis are described as new species from Carpinus betulus and C. orientalis, respectively. They differ from the closely related Stilbospora macrosperma, which also occurs on Carpinus, by longer, tapering gelatinous ascospore appendages and by distinct LSU, ITS rDNA, rpb2 and tef1 sequences. The asexual morphs of Stilbospora macrosperma, S. longicornuta and S. orientalis are morphologically indistinguishable; the connection to their sexual morphs is demonstrated by morphology and DNA sequences of single spore cultures derived from both ascospores and conidia. Both morphs of the three Stilbospora species on Carpinus are described and illustrated. Other species previously recognised in Prosthecium, speci\xef\xac\x81cally P. acerophilum, P. galeatum and P. opalus, are determined to belong to and are formally transferred to Stegonsporium. Isolates previously recognised as Stegonsporium pyriforme (syn. Prosthecium pyriforme) are determined to consist of three phylogenetically distinct lineages by rpb2 and tef1 sequence data, two of which are described as new species (S. protopyriforme, S. pseudopyriforme). Stegonsporium pyriforme is lectotypi\xef\xac\x81ed and this species and Stilbospora macrosperma are epitypi\xef\xac\x81ed. Based on DNA sequence data, the North American Stegonsporium acerophilum is recorded from Europe for the \xef\xac\x81rst time, and new hosts from Acer sect. Acer are reported for S. opalus and S. pyriforme. Stilbospora and Stegonsporium are classi\xef\xac\x81ed within the revived family Stilbosporaceae. Prosthecium appendiculatum, P. auctum and P. innesii are shown to be unrelated to the Stilbosporaceae and are recognised in three distinct genera, Phaeodiaporthe appendiculata, Alnecium auctum n. gen. and Calosporella innesii within Diaporthaceae, Gnomoniaceae and Sydowiellaceae, respectively. The generic types of these three monotypic genera are briefly described, illustrated and lecto- and epityp\xef\xac\x81ed.
    Keywords: Alnecium ; Calospora ; Calosporella ; ITS ; LSU ; molecular phylogeny ; Phaeodiaporthe ; rpb2 ; systematics ; tef1
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 10
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    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi vol. 32 no. 1, pp. 52-82
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: The genus Lopadostoma (Xylariaceae, Xylariales) is revised. Most species formerly assigned to Lopadostoma do not belong to the genus. Twelve species are herein recognised, of which two are only known from morphology.\nTen species, of which six (L. americanum, L. fagi, L. insulare, L. lechatii, L. meridionale and L. quercicola) are newly described, are characterised by both morphology and DNA phylogeny using LSU, ITS and rpb2 sequences.\nMorphologically, ecologically and phylogenetically Lopadostoma is a well-defined genus comprising exclusively species with pustular pseudostroma development in bark of angiospermous trees. Phaeosperma ailanthi, Phaeosperma dryophilum and Sphaeria linosperma are combined in Lopadostoma. Lopadostoma gastrinum is neotypified and L. turgidum is lecto- and epitypified. Species with asci and ascospores similar to those of Lopadostoma but having perithecia immersed in wood, particularly those of Lopadostoma subg. Anthostomopsis have been determined to be unrelated to the genus. DNA data confirm that Anthostoma is unrelated to Lopadostoma. Its type and currently only confirmed species Anthostoma decipiens belongs to Diatrypaceae. DNA data also show that L. pouzarii and Barrmaelia macrospora are unrelated to Lopadostoma. A commentary is provided for names in Lopadostoma and those names in Anthostoma that may be putative species of Lopadostoma based on their protologues. Anthostoma insidiosum is an older name for Anthostomella (Diatrype) adusta.
    Keywords: Anthostoma ; Anthostomella ; Ascomycota ; Diatrypaceae ; ITS ; LSU ; Phaeosperma ; pyrenomycetes ; rpb2 ; Xylariaceae ; Xylariales
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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