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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2007-09-29
    Description: The importance of trophic ecology in adaptation and evolution is well known, yet direct evidence that feeding controls microevolution over extended evolutionary time scales, available only from the fossil record, is conspicuously lacking. Through quantitative analysis of tooth microwear, we show that rapid evolutionary change in Miocene stickleback was associated with shifts in feeding, providing direct evidence from the fossil record for changes in trophic niche and resource exploitation driving directional, microevolutionary change over thousands of years. These results demonstrate the potential for tooth microwear analysis to provide powerful insights into trophic ecology during aquatic adaptive radiations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Purnell, Mark A -- Bell, Michael A -- Baines, David C -- Hart, Paul J B -- Travis, Matthew P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Sep 28;317(5846):1887.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Geology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK. mark.purnell@leicester.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17901325" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptation, Biological ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; *Diet ; Ecosystem ; *Fossils ; Paleodontology ; Phenotype ; *Smegmamorpha/anatomy & histology ; Tooth/*ultrastructure ; Tooth Attrition
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2009-12-17
    Description: The molecular mechanisms underlying major phenotypic changes that have evolved repeatedly in nature are generally unknown. Pelvic loss in different natural populations of threespine stickleback fish has occurred through regulatory mutations deleting a tissue-specific enhancer of the Pituitary homeobox transcription factor 1 (Pitx1) gene. The high prevalence of deletion mutations at Pitx1 may be influenced by inherent structural features of the locus. Although Pitx1 null mutations are lethal in laboratory animals, Pitx1 regulatory mutations show molecular signatures of positive selection in pelvic-reduced populations. These studies illustrate how major expression and morphological changes can arise from single mutational leaps in natural populations, producing new adaptive alleles via recurrent regulatory alterations in a key developmental control gene.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3109066/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3109066/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chan, Yingguang Frank -- Marks, Melissa E -- Jones, Felicity C -- Villarreal, Guadalupe Jr -- Shapiro, Michael D -- Brady, Shannon D -- Southwick, Audrey M -- Absher, Devin M -- Grimwood, Jane -- Schmutz, Jeremy -- Myers, Richard M -- Petrov, Dmitri -- Jonsson, Bjarni -- Schluter, Dolph -- Bell, Michael A -- Kingsley, David M -- P50 HG002568/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- P50 HG002568-09/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- P50 HG02568/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Jan 15;327(5963):302-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1182213. Epub 2009 Dec 10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Developmental Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20007865" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Chromosome Fragile Sites ; Chromosome Mapping ; Crosses, Genetic ; DNA, Intergenic ; *Enhancer Elements, Genetic ; Fish Proteins/*genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Paired Box Transcription Factors/*genetics ; Pelvis/anatomy & histology ; Selection, Genetic ; *Sequence Deletion ; Smegmamorpha/*anatomy & histology/*genetics/growth & development
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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