Publication Date:
2013-04-30
Description:
Whisking and sniffing are predominant aspects of exploratory behaviour in rodents. Yet the neural mechanisms that generate and coordinate these and other orofacial motor patterns remain largely uncharacterized. Here we use anatomical, behavioural, electrophysiological and pharmacological tools to show that whisking and sniffing are coordinated by respiratory centres in the ventral medulla. We delineate a distinct region in the ventral medulla that provides rhythmic input to the facial motor neurons that drive protraction of the vibrissae. Neuronal output from this region is reset at each inspiration by direct input from the pre-Botzinger complex, such that high-frequency sniffing has a one-to-one relationship with whisking, whereas basal respiration is accompanied by intervening whisks that occur between breaths. We conjecture that the respiratory nuclei, which project to other premotor regions for oral and facial control, function as a master clock for behaviours that coordinate with breathing.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4159559/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉 〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4159559/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Moore, Jeffrey D -- Deschenes, Martin -- Furuta, Takahiro -- Huber, Daniel -- Smear, Matthew C -- Demers, Maxime -- Kleinfeld, David -- MT-5877/Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada -- NS047101/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS058668/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS066664/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS058668/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2013 May 9;497(7448):205-10. doi: 10.1038/nature12076. Epub 2013 Apr 28.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physics, University of California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23624373" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
Keywords:
Animals
;
Biological Clocks/physiology
;
Face/anatomy & histology/physiology
;
Female
;
Head Movements/*physiology
;
Kainic Acid/administration & dosage/pharmacology
;
Male
;
Medulla Oblongata/cytology/physiology
;
Muscle, Skeletal/physiology
;
Rats
;
Rats, Long-Evans
;
*Respiration
;
Smell/*physiology
;
Vibrissae/innervation/*physiology
Print ISSN:
0028-0836
Electronic ISSN:
1476-4687
Topics:
Biology
,
Chemistry and Pharmacology
,
Medicine
,
Natural Sciences in General
,
Physics
Permalink
