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  • 1
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    Climate change and latitudinal patterns of intertidal thermal stress (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-11-02
    Description: The interaction of climate and the timing of low tides along the West Coast of the United States creates a complex mosaic of thermal environments, in which northern sites can be more thermally stressful than southern sites. Thus, climate change may not lead to a poleward shift in the distribution of intertidal organisms, as has been proposed, but instead will likely cause localized extinctions at a series of "hot spots." Patterns of exposure to extreme climatic conditions are temporally variable, and tidal predictions suggest that in the next 3 to 5 years "hot spots" are likely to appear at several northern sites.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Helmuth, Brian -- Harley, Christopher D G -- Halpin, Patricia M -- O'Donnell, Michael -- Hofmann, Gretchen E -- Blanchette, Carol A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Nov 1;298(5595):1015-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉University of South Carolina, Department of Biological Sciences and Marine Sciences Program, Columbia, SC 29208, USA. helmuth@biol.sc.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12411702" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bivalvia/*physiology ; *Body Temperature ; *Climate ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; Geography ; Pacific Ocean ; Pacific States ; Seasons ; *Seawater ; Temperature ; *Water Movements
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Small-molecule inhibitors of the AAA+ ATPase motor cytoplasmic dynein (2012)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-03-20
    Description: The conversion of chemical energy into mechanical force by AAA+ (ATPases associated with diverse cellular activities) ATPases is integral to cellular processes, including DNA replication, protein unfolding, cargo transport and membrane fusion. The AAA+ ATPase motor cytoplasmic dynein regulates ciliary trafficking, mitotic spindle formation and organelle transport, and dissecting its precise functions has been challenging because of its rapid timescale of action and the lack of cell-permeable, chemical modulators. Here we describe the discovery of ciliobrevins, the first specific small-molecule antagonists of cytoplasmic dynein. Ciliobrevins perturb protein trafficking within the primary cilium, leading to their malformation and Hedgehog signalling blockade. Ciliobrevins also prevent spindle pole focusing, kinetochore-microtubule attachment, melanosome aggregation and peroxisome motility in cultured cells. We further demonstrate the ability of ciliobrevins to block dynein-dependent microtubule gliding and ATPase activity in vitro. Ciliobrevins therefore will be useful reagents for studying cellular processes that require this microtubule motor and may guide the development of additional AAA+ ATPase superfamily inhibitors.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3321072/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3321072/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Firestone, Ari J -- Weinger, Joshua S -- Maldonado, Maria -- Barlan, Kari -- Langston, Lance D -- O'Donnell, Michael -- Gelfand, Vladimir I -- Kapoor, Tarun M -- Chen, James K -- R01 CA136574/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM038839/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM052111/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM052111-14/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM065933/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM52111/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM65933/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM71772/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2012 Mar 18;484(7392):125-9. doi: 10.1038/nature10936.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22425997" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cattle ; Cilia/drug effects/metabolism/pathology ; Cytoplasm/*enzymology ; Cytoplasmic Dyneins/*antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Enzyme Inhibitors/*chemistry/*pharmacology ; Hedgehog Proteins/metabolism ; Kinetochores/drug effects/metabolism ; Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Melanosomes/drug effects/metabolism ; Mice ; Microtubules/drug effects/metabolism ; Molecular Weight ; Movement/drug effects ; NIH 3T3 Cells ; Peroxisomes/drug effects/physiology ; Protein Transport/drug effects ; Quinazolinones/*chemistry/*pharmacology ; Signal Transduction/drug effects ; Spindle Apparatus/drug effects/metabolism/pathology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 3
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    A nonadrenergic vagal inhibitory pathway to feline airways (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-04-11
    Description: In cats anesthetized with chloralose-pentobarbital and artificially ventilated, electrical stimulation of the caudal end of the cut cervical vagus nerve has a biphasic effect on the bronchoconstriction induced by an intravenous infusion of serotonin. The response consists of a brief augmentation of bronchoconstriction followed by relatively prolonged bronchodilation. After muscarinic receptor blockade with atropine, vagal stimulation causes only bronchodilation. Vagally mediated bronchodilation is not affected by beta adrenergic blockade with propranolol, alpha adrenergic blockade with phenoxybenzamine, or adrenergic neuronal blockade with guanethidine, but is abolished by autonomic ganglionic blockade with hexamethonium. These findings support the conclusion that a nonadrenergic inhibitory nervous system is present in the pulmonary airways of the cat and that the system is supplied by preganglionic fibers in the cervical vagus nerves.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Diamond, L -- O'Donnell, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Apr 11;208(4440):185-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7361114" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Airway Resistance/drug effects ; Animals ; Cats/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Electric Stimulation ; Female ; Guanethidine/pharmacology ; Hexamethonium Compounds/pharmacology ; Lung/*innervation ; Lung Compliance/drug effects ; Neural Pathways/physiology ; Parasympathetic Nervous System/physiology ; Phenoxybenzamine/pharmacology ; Propranolol/pharmacology ; Serotonin/pharmacology ; Sympathetic Nervous System/physiology ; Vagotomy
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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