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  • Animals  (137)
  • Chemical Engineering  (66)
  • 1980-1984  (203)
  • 1982  (203)
  • 1
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    Hyperglycemia of diabetic rats decreased by a glucagon receptor antagonist (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-02-26
    Description: The glucagon analog [l-N alpha-trinitrophenylhistidine, 12-homoarginine]-glucagon (THG) was examined for its ability to lower blood glucose concentrations in rats made diabetic with streptozotocin. In vitro, THG is a potent antagonist of glucagon activation of the hepatic adenylate cyclase assay system. Intravenous bolus injections of THG caused rapid decreases (20 to 35 percent) of short duration in blood glucose. Continuous infusion of low concentrations of the inhibitor led to larger sustained decreases in blood glucose (30 to 65 percent). These studies demonstrate that a glucagon receptor antagonist can substantially reduce blood glucose levels in diabetic animals without addition of exogenous insulin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Johnson, D G -- Goebel, C U -- Hruby, V J -- Bregman, M D -- Trivedi, D -- AM21085/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM25318/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Feb 26;215(4536):1115-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6278587" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/*drug therapy ; Glucagon/*analogs & derivatives/*antagonists & inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Hyperglycemia/*drug therapy ; Male ; Rats ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*drug effects ; Receptors, Glucagon ; Structure-Activity Relationship
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Explicit approximations to the solution of Colebrook's friction factor equation (1982)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 28 (1982), S. 514-515 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690280323
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Numerical solution of liquid-phase multicomponent adsorption in fixed beds (1982)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 28 (1982), S. 765-772 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A generalized mathematical model is developed to describe the process of multicomponent adsorption on activated carbon in fixed beds. Numerical, finite difference, solutions for the adsorption of binary, and ternary organic mixtures are shown to satisfactorily match previously published experimental data.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690280510
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of coal drying-decomposition (1982)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 28 (1982), S. 199-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A series of seven coals of different ranks and from various locations were heated in an inert atmosphere under relatively mild conditions to measure the rates of gas evaporation. Samples crushed to various fractions in the particle size range -6+50 U.S. mesh were studied at temperatures in the range of 150 to 300°C. The results show that: (1) most water is released at 100°C, evidently an evaporation process, (2) CO2 is evolved at 150°C and above, and (3) CO is evolved at 250°C and above. An interpretive model was developed to fit the CO2 production rate and kinetic constants were obtained. Gas evolution rates are independent of particle size for the most porous coals, but vary among coals, depending on both chemical composition and physical structure. A 15% loss in heating value was incurred during drying and subsequent oxidation when the pretreatment temperature was increased from 150 to 225°C.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690280206
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimization of fiber drawing processes in terms of the filament state variables (1982)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 22 (1982), S. 329-344 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A new method of optimizing the fiber drawing process involving the feed roll, the heated elements and the take-up roll is presented. In this method, the process is described in terms of the filament temperature and filament extension in the drawing zone. This is in contrast to the conventional approach in which the machine control variables such as the heated element temperature, fiber feed velocity and the total draw ratio were used to describe the process. It is shown that the drawing process seldom proceeds by a simple yielding mechanism and that a one-step drawing process usually involves a yield draw followed by a post-yield stretching. Using the drawing of nylon 6 fibers as an example, it is shown that the most critical factors related to achieving the highest fiber strength in drawing from a given precursor are the yarn temperature and yarn extension at yielding and during the post-yield drawing.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760220602
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  • 6
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    Complete amino acid sequence of urotensin I, a hypotensive and corticotropin-releasing neuropeptide from Catostomus (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-08
    Description: Urotensin I, purified from extracts of the urophysis of a teleost fish (Catostomus commersoni), exhibits potent hypotensive activity (mammals and birds) and corticotropin-releasing activity (both fish and mammals). The primary structure of this 41-residue peptide was determined to be H-Asn-Asp-Asp-Pro-Pro-Ile-Ser-Ile-Asp-Leu-Thr-Phe-His-Leu-Leu-Arg-Asn-Met-Ile-Glu - Met-Ala-Arg-Ile-Glu-Asn-Glu-Arg-Glu-Gln-Ala-Gly-Leu-Asn-Arg-Lys-Tyr-Leu-Asp-Glu -Val-NH2. Extraction with 0.1N HCl at 100 degrees C cleaves the amino-terminal tripeptide, yeilding a fully active analog, urotensin I(4-41). The amino acid sequence was confirmed by measuring the biological activity of synthetic urotensin I(4-41). Urotensin I exhibits a striking sequence homology with ovine corticotropin-releasing factor and with frog sauvagine. These three peptides exhibit similar activities in biological test systems.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lederis, K -- Letter, A -- McMaster, D -- Moore, G -- Schlesinger, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 8;218(4568):162-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6981844" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone ; Fishes ; Peptides/*isolation & purification ; Species Specificity ; Urotensins/*isolation & purification
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Significance of tissue myo-inositol concentrations in metabolic regulation in nerve (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-08-27
    Description: Approximately 25 percent of resting energy utilization in isolated nerve endoneurium is inhibited by medium containing defatted albumin and selectively restored by arachidonic acid but is unaffected by indomethacin or nordihydroguaiaretic acid. The same component of energy utilization is inhibited by small decreases in endoneurial myo-inositol, which decrease incorporation of carbon-14-labeled arachidonic acid into phosphatidylinositol. The fraction of the resting oxygen uptake inhibited by ouabain is decreased 40 to 50 percent by a reduced tissue myo-inositol concentration or by defatted albumin. Metabolic regulation by rapid, basal phosphatidylinositol turnover is dependent on the maintenance of normal tissue myoinositol concentrations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Simmons, D A -- Winegrad, A I -- Martin, D B -- T32 AMO7314/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 27;217(4562):848-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6285474" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Albumins/pharmacology ; Animals ; Arachidonic Acid ; Arachidonic Acids/pharmacology ; Catechols/pharmacology ; Indomethacin/pharmacology ; Inositol/*metabolism ; Linolenic Acids/pharmacology ; Masoprocol ; Ouabain/pharmacology ; Oxygen Consumption ; Palmitic Acids/pharmacology ; Peripheral Nerves/*metabolism ; Phosphatidylinositols/metabolism ; Rabbits ; gamma-Linolenic Acid
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Lethal effect of phenothiazine neuroleptics on the pathogenic protozoan Leishmania donovani (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-23
    Description: Phenothiazine drugs, which are widely used for their antipsychotic, antianxiety, and antiemetic effects, have been found to have protozoacidal effects on the human pathogen Leishmania donovani. These compounds are lethal to both the extracellular stage of the organism, which is inoculated into humans by the sand fly, and the intracellular stage, which is found solely in human macrophages during established infection.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pearson, R D -- Manian, A A -- Harcus, J L -- Hall, D -- Hewlett, E L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 23;217(4557):369-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6124040" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antipsychotic Agents/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Chlorpromazine/pharmacology ; Cricetinae ; Humans ; Leishmania/*drug effects ; Leishmaniasis, Visceral/*drug therapy ; Macrophages/microbiology ; Mesocricetus
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Asian bull elephants: Flehmen-like responses to extractable components in female elephant estrous urine (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-09
    Description: Flehmen-like responses (urine tests) are one of the characteristic behavioral reactions of male Asian elephants (Elephants maximus) to cow elephants in estrus. Components of the urine of estrous cow elephants were extracted with organic solvents and partially purified by chromatography and shown to evoke Flehmen-like responses when they were presented to adult bulls.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rasmussen, L E -- Schmidt, M J -- Henneous, R -- Groves, D -- Daves, G D Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 9;217(4555):159-62.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089549" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Elephants/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Estrus Detection ; Female ; Male ; Pheromones/*urine ; Sex Attractants/isolation & purification/*urine ; *Sexual Behavior, Animal
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 10
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    Transmethylation of phosphatidylethanolamine: an initial event in embryonic chicken lens fiber cell differentiation (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-09-24
    Description: Agents that induce differentiation of lens epithelial cells into lens fiber cells in vitro transiently stimulate the transmethylation of phosphatidylethanolamine. Inhibition of transmethylation by 3-deazaadenosine results in a corresponding inhibition of the cell elongation that characterizes lens fiber formation, suggesting that phospholipid methylation plays an essential role in the differentiation of these cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zelenka, P S -- Beebe, D C -- Feagans, D E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 24;217(4566):1265-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7112130" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects ; Chick Embryo ; Lens, Crystalline/*cytology/metabolism ; Methylation ; Phosphatidylcholines/*biosynthesis ; Phosphatidylethanolamines/*metabolism ; Tubercidin/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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