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  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (39)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 4 (1990), S. 24-29 
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A simple method for off-line coupling of desorption mass spectrometry and capillary-zone electrophoresis (CZE) is described. Use of a “porous glass joint”, near the cathodic end of the CZE column, facilitates fraction collection in a manner similar to that used with liquid chromatography. This method allows independent optimization of both the CZE and mass spectrometry parts of the experiment. It is directly applicable to a number of desorption mass spectrometry methods (including plasma desorption (PD) and UV laser desorption (LD)). In the present study, PD mass spectrometry was used for eluant characterization. The fraction collection procedure is described, as is mass transfer through the porous glass joint. Detection limits are discussed and the approach is illustrated by analysis of a simple mixture of bradykinin derivatives. Finally, a brief comparison to current on-line CZE/mass spectrometric methods is presented.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Olefinic aliphatic compounds can be transformed on a microscale into the corresponding epoxides by reaction with m-chloroperbenzoic acid. The crude reaction mixture can be analysed without further work-up, by gas chromatography followed by chemical ionization mass spectrometry or desorption chemical ionization mass spectrometry with nitric oxide as the chemical ionization gas.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: 13C NMR shifts of bicyclo[3.1.1]heptanes are discussed on the basis of geometries which are largely obtained by application of a molecular mechanics force field. For the basic hydrocarbon chair geometry minima are observed; their interconversion, however, is so fast [ΔH*∼0.6 kcal (2.51 kJ) for fully relaxed molecular states] that an average flat Y form should be assumed for the ground state. In pinanes bearing equatorial substituents approximate chair geometries are obtained which, upon introduction of axial groups, appear very much flattened. In cosequence, conformationally transmitted substituent induced shieldings are observed, which can reach, e.g. + 7.45 ppm deshielding for a γ-methyl substituent. One bond 13C - 1H coupling constants, obtained in some cases from {1H} off-resonance decoupled 13C spectra, are compared to calculated hybridization of C—H bonds. Their values of up to 145 Hz\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \buildrel \wedge \over = $\end{document}29% s for the cyclobutane part of pinanes are also useful for 13C signal assignments. Some literature assignments have to be revised, also on the basis of measurements with specifically deuterated compounds.
    Notes: Die 13C-NMR-Verschiebungen bei Bicyclo[3.1.1]heptylverbindungen werden auf Grund von weitgehend molekülmechanisch errechneten Geometrien diskutiert. Dabei ergeben sich für den Grundkörper zwar energetische Minima bei Sesselformen, deren übergang jedoch so schnell erscheint [Δ*∼0,6 kcal (2.51 kJ) bei voll relaxierten Zuständen], daß für den Grundzustand von flachen Y-Konformationen auszugehen ist. In Pinanderivaten mit equatorialen Substituenten werden Sesselformen erhalten, welche bei Einführung axialer Substitutenten stark abgeflacht erscheinen. Dadurch treten konformativ vermittelte Substituenteneffetke auf die 13C-Verschiebungen auf, welche z.B. + 7,45 ppm Entschirmung durch eine γ-Methylgruppe betragen können. Die teils aus 1H-teilentkoppelten 13C-Spektren gewonnenen 1J(CH)-Werte werden mit berechneten Hybridisierungen der C—H-Bindungen verglichen; ihr bis zu 145 Hz (\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \buildrel \wedge \over = $\end{document}29%) reichender Wert im Cyclobutanteil der Pinane ist auch für die 13C-Signalzuordnung von Nutzen. Eine Reihe von Literatur-Verschiebungszuordnungen muß u.a. auf Grund von Messungen spezifisch deuterierter Verbindungen revidiert werden.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 22 (1984), S. 180-186 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Force field (MM2) calculations, 13C NMR substituent-induced shifts (SIS) and epimeric shift differences (ESD) indicate a preference for equatorial substituents in the 2-position, but equal eq/ax populations in the 1-position of tetralines. Similar conclusions are reached from Yb(fod)3-induced shifts, which are also used for signal assignments, e.g. in 1-tetralone. Configurational assignments are possible for 1,2- and 1,3-epimers (ESD up to 4 ppm) but, in line with the non-discriminating eq/ax conformations at C-I, not for 1,4-epimers (ESD〈0.5 ppm). More than 50 compounds were measured, including functional derivatives which show regular SIS for substituents in the aromatic moiety only for m- and p-carbon atoms. OMe, but not OH or OAc substituents, induce o-carbon SIS varying from -11 to -19 ppm. Conversion of 1-hydroxytetralin to esters induces shielding variations at the aromatic carbon atoms which indicate the electrostatic origin of derivatization shifts.
    Additional Material: 8 Tab.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 10 (1975), S. 1111-1116 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The mass spectra of 4-phenylquinuclidines are characterised by an easy loss of C7H7 from the molecular ion. This unexpected fragmentation process can be explained by phenyl migration prior to fragmentation.
    Notes: Die Massenspektren von 4-Phenyl-chinuclidinen sind gekennzeichnet durch den bevorzugten Verlust von C7H7 aus dem Molekülion. Dieser unerwartete Fragmentierungsprozeß ist nur im Zuge einer Phenyl-Umlagerung verständlich.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Alkenic compounds when subjected to chemical ionization with NO+ yield two acylium ions by oxidative cleavage of the double bond. Studies on the mechanism of formation of these ions are reported.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 26 (1991), S. 1057-1060 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: It is shown that the position of the double bond close to the hydrocarbon end of an aliphatic diene functionalized at C(1) can readily be determined by chemical ionization with NO+. Owing to the low abundance of the ions characteristic for the position of the other double bond, its localization may be difficult. Measurement of the chemical ionization (nitric oxide as reagent gas) spectra of the corresponding epoxides or collision activation studies can help.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 28 (1993), S. 1353-1361 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) has the potential for providing a rapid alternative to gel electrophoresis for DNA sequence analysis provided that an intense mass spectrometric response can be obtained from mixtures of DNA fragments containing up to 300 nucleotides. MALDI-MS has not yet proved viable for such analyses because the MS response falls off rapidly for mixed-base DNA fragments containing more than 20-30 nucleotides. Previous studies have demonstrated that base composition is a critical factor in the MALDI-MS response of oligodeoxyribonucleotides. This paper describes an investigation of the physical roots of the observed influence of base composition on the mass spectrometric response, focusing on homopolymer oligodeoxyribonucleotides (dT7, dT10, dT18, dT36, dG7, dG10, dG18, dI18 and dU18) and dT5G5. Forty-eight different matrix compounds were tested for their ability to produce laser desorption masses spectra from such homopolymer oligodeoxyribonucleotides. Considerably stronger mass spectrometric responses were obtained from polydeoxythymidines than from polydeoxyguanosines, polydeoxycytidines and polydeoxyadenosines. Although mass spectral peaks corresponding to dT18 were observed from 20 of the matrices studied, no discernible response was observed for dG18 from any of these matrices. To elucidate the physical basis for origins of the observed differences in response, a number of factors were investigated including the ionization efficiency, the tendency towards fragmentation and the extent to which the oligodeoxyribonucleotides were incorporated into the matrix crystals. The results of these experiments indicate that low ionization efficiency is not a likely main contributor to the low response to polydeoxyguanosines, fragmentation is a likely main contributor to the low response to polydeoxyguanosines, the overall incorporation of polydeoxyguanosines into matrix crystals is comparable to that for polydeoxythymidines and the exocyclic amino group of guanosine, adenosine and cytidine has a strong inhibitory effect on the mass spectrometric response.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A simple glow discharge source has been developed for chemical ionization with aggressive gases. Test results with NO as a reagent gas will be reported.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 4 (1972), S. 907-912 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The conformational equilibria of a variety of monosubstituted cyclooctanes is determined by low temperature 13CMR spectroscopy. 13C shifts allow conclusions to be made regarding the geometry of the conformers. For some conformational processes ΔG# is obtained by complete line shape analysis.
    Notes: Die Konformerengleichgewichte verschiedener monosubstituierter Cyclooctane werden durch 13CMR-Tieftemperatur-Spektroskopie bestimmt. Aus den 13C-Verschiebungen kann auf die Geometrie der Konformeren geschlossen werden. Durch Vergleich berechneter und experimenteller Spektren werden für die Konformerenumwandlungen einige ΔG#-Werte erhalten.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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