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  • Animals  (58)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (44)
  • Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems  (32)
  • 1
    Publication Date: 1984-02-03
    Description: Cattle grazing St. Augustine grass growing on peaty muck soils in the Florida Everglades developed anemia associated with the presence of Heinz bodies and suboptimal concentrations of selenium in blood. Selenium supplementation corrected the anemia, prevented Heinz body formation, increased the body weight of cows and calves, and elevated blood selenium. This may be the first recorded example of widespread anemia in a population due to selenium deficiency.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Morris, J G -- Cripe, W S -- Chapman, H L Jr -- Walker, D F -- Armstrong, J B -- Alexander, J D Jr -- Miranda, R -- Sanchez, A Jr -- Sanchez, B -- Blair-West, J R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Feb 3;223(4635):491-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6691160" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anemia, Hemolytic/drug therapy/etiology/*veterinary ; Animal Feed ; Animals ; Body Weight ; Cattle ; Cattle Diseases/drug therapy/*etiology ; Heinz Bodies/*ultrastructure ; Hematocrit ; Hemoglobins/analysis ; Selenium/administration & dosage/blood/*deficiency
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Chemometrics 2 (1988), S. 247-263 
    ISSN: 0886-9383
    Keywords: Calibration ; Tensor ; Multivariate ; PCR ; MLR ; PLS ; Regression ; Multidimensional arrays ; Order ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Many analytical instruments now produce one-, two- or n-dimensional arrays of data that must be used for the analysis of samples. An integrated approach to linear calibration of such instruments is presented from a tensorial point of view. The data produced by these instruments are seen as the components of a first-, second- or nth-order tensor respectively. In this first paper, concepts of linear multivariate calibration are developed in the framework of first-order tensors, and it is shown that the problem of calibration is equivalent to finding the contravariant vector corresponding to the analyte being calibrated. A model of the subspace spanned by the variance in the calibration must be built to compute the contravarian vectors. It is shown that the only difference between methods such as least squares, principal components regression, latent root regression, ridge regression and partial least squres resides in the choice of the model.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Chemometrics 2 (1988), S. 265-280 
    ISSN: 0886-9383
    Keywords: Calibration ; Tensor ; Multivariate ; Order ; Regression ; Generalized rank annihilation ; GRAM ; Multi order ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Tensorial calibration provides a useful approach to calibration in general. For calibration of instruments that produce two-dimensional (second-order) arrays of data per sample, tensoial concepts are as natural a way of solving the calibration problem as vectorial concepts are for the multivariate problem. Similarly, for third- and higher-order data, the tensorial description of calibration is also useful. This paper introduces second-order calibration from a tensorial point of view. Univariate, multivariate and bilinear approaches to calibration are presented. The generalized rank annihilation method (GRAM) is described from the tensorial perspective, and it is shown that GRAM is equivalent to finding a second-order tensorial base that spans both tensors (calibration and unknown) with respective diagonal component matrices. GRAM uses a single calibration sample for multicomponent analysis even in the presence of interference. Second-order bilinear calibration is extended to multiple calibration samples where the effect of collinearities is reduced.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Chemometrics 3 (1989), S. 493-498 
    ISSN: 0886-9383
    Keywords: Rank annihilation ; Generalized rank annihilation method ; Generalized eigenproblem ; Calibration ; Spectral interferents ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An improved algorithm for the generalized rank annihilation method (GRAM) is presented. GRAM is a method for multicomponent calibration using two-dimensional instruments, such as GC-MS. In this paper an orthonormal base is first computed and used to project the calibration and unknown sample response matrices into a lower-dimensional subspace. The resulting generalized eigenproblem is then solved using the QZ algorithm. The result of these improvements is that GRAM is computationally more stable, particularly in the case where the calibration sample contains chemical constituents not present in the unknown sample and the unknown contains constituents not present in the calibration (the most general case).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Chemometrics 4 (1990), S. 29-45 
    ISSN: 0886-9383
    Keywords: Tensor ; Superdiagonalization ; GRAM ; Three-way ; Multilinear ; Trilinear ; PARAFAC ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Modern instrumentation in chemistry routinely generates two-dimensional (second-order) arrays of data. Considering that most analyses need to compare several samples, the analyst ends up with a three-dimensional (third-order) array which is difficult to visualize or interpret with the conventional statistical tools.Some of these data arrays follow the so-called trilinear model, \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ {\rm R}_{ijk} = \sum\limits_{r = 1}^N {{\rm X}_{ir} {\rm Y}_{jr} {\rm Z}_{kr} + {\rm Error}_{ijk} } $$\end{document} These trilinear arrays of data are known to have unique factor analysis decompositions which correspond to the true physical factors that form the data, i.e. given the array ∝, a unique solution can be found in many cases for each order X, Y and Z. This is in contrast to the well-known second-order bilinear data factor analysis, where the abstract solutions obtained are not unique and at best cannot be easily compared with the underlying physical factors owing to a rotational ambiguity.Trilinear decompositions have had the disadvantage, however, that a non-linear optimization with many parameters is necessary to reach a least-squares solution. This paper will introduce a method for reducing the problem to a rectangular generalized eigenvalue-eigenvector equation where the eigenvectors are the contravariant form (pseudo-inverse) of the actual factors. It is shown that the method works well when the factors are linearly independent in at least two orders (e.g. Xir and Yjr are full rank matrices).Finally, it is shown how trilinear decompositions relate to multicomponent calibration, curve resolution and chemical analysis.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0886-9383
    Keywords: Principal components ; Multiple and stepwise regression ; Non-parametric density and regression estimation ; Bootstrap inference ; Canonical correlation ; PLS regression ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A statistical study of the dependence between various critical fusion temperatures of a certain kind of coal and its chemical components is carried out. As well as using classical dependence techniques (multiple, stepwise and PLS regression, principal components, canonical correlation, etc.) together with the corresponding inference on the parameters of interest, non-parametric regression and bootstrap inference are also performed.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The electron ionization-induced fragmentation pattern of extended tetrathiafulvalenes has been studied by exact mass measurements, metastable ion analysis and collision-induced dissociation mass spectrometry. The influence on the fragmentation of the central bridge linking the dithiole moieties is discussed.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: SERS, SERRS and NIR FTSERS of emodin and hypericin are reported for the first time on aqueous silver colloid. Intense SERRS spectra can be obtained when using excitation lines at 514 nm for emodin and 598 nm for hypericin. FTIR and NIR FTRaman spectra from these molecules and their model compounds, anthrone and bianthrone, were recorded to assist in the assignment of the SERS bands. From the analysis of the SERS spectra a different orientation for each molecule can be deduced. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A system based on the EDAX 9100 analyser was developed to obtain concentration profiles. Even though the system can be used on any type of flat specimens, in this study it was used for measuring the tungsten (W) concentration on rough spherical specimens of the W-γ-Al2O3 supported catalyst. The concentration gradient of the active component from the periphery to the centre of the particle is often an important factor in determining catalyst performance. The purpose was to determine the concentration profile of W along the radius of a sphere with a large enough number of experimental points to draw accurate information in a short time. In this way, a considerable number of impregnated spheres can be analysed, and average results can be calculated and taken as representative values of the population under study. The method developed provides highly satisfactory results, making it very useful for the systematic study of this type of specimen. Obviously, the use of this system can be extended to metallurgical and mineralogical specimens.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 24 (1995), S. 221-225 
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The synchrotron photoionization method was applied to measure L-subshell Coster-Kronig yields for Tb. This method is based on the capability of tuning the energy of the synchrotron photons producing a selective subshell ionization. A foil sample of Tb was irradiated and characteristic spectra were recorded. Data were analysed using a new formalism (based on a matrix representation) to express x-ray fluorescence intensities involving Coster-Kronig transitions. The results obtained were f12 = 0.201 ± 0.014, f13 = 0.281 ± 0.027 and f23 = 0.097 ± 0.016. These data represent valuable information for spectroscopists, considering the lack of data for L-shell parameters.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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