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  • 1
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chiralität ; Circulardichroismus ; Lanthanoide ; Lumineszenz ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Amino acids ; Bicyclopropylidene ; Methylenespiropentane ; Spiro compounds ; Organolithium derivatives ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Racemic bicyclopropylidenyl- (rac-11) and methylenespiropentyl- (rac-17) substituted alanines have been synthesized by iodination of bicyclopropylidenyl- and methylenespiropentylmethanols 7, 13, nucleophilic substitution of the iodine in 8, 14 with the enolate of ethyl α-(diphenylmethyleneamino)acetate (O'Donnell's glycine equivalent) and deprotection of 9, 15 in 24 and 18% overall yield, respectively. N-Methylbicyclopropylidenylalanine rac-22, was obtained from the Michael adduct of (bicyclopropylidenyl)magnesium bromide 18 to enamine 19 and deprotection of the carbamate 20 (23% overall yield). Racemic (1-amino-2-methylenespiropentane)- (37), (1-amino-2-methylenecyclopropane)- (3), and (1-aminobicyclopropylidene)carboxylic acid (39) were prepared as hydrochlorides by tert-butoxycarbonylation of the lithiated methylenespiropentane (6), methylenecyclopropane (4), or bicyclopropylidene (5) intermediates with di-tert-butyl pyrocarbonate (Boc2O), repeated lithiation of the tert-butyl esters 29, 30, and 33 with LDA and subsequent carboxylation, Curtius degradation of the half esters 31, 32, and 34 followed by deprotection in 11, 45, and 4% overall yields, respectively. Compound 37 was also prepared from bicyclopropylidene (5) following the same procedure, but with rearrangement in the last but one step, in 19% overall yield. An attempted Hofmann degradation of the bicyclopropylidenecarboxamido ester 40 with NBS failed and gave only bromohydrin 44 (27%), but with bis(acetoxy)iodobenzene provided carbamate 46a, b in 76 amd 79% yield, respectively. Along this route with subsequent deprotection of 46b, the amino acid 39 could be prepared in up to 10% overall yield from bicyclopropylidene.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Amino acids ; Spiro compounds ; Michael addition ; Copper reagents ; Curtius degradation ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Racemic spiropentylglycine (8) has been synthesized by sodium borohydride reduction of benzyl (E/Z)-2-chloro-2-spiropentylideneacetate (5-Bn), nucleophilic substitution of the chlorine in the product 6 with azide and hydrogenolytic deprotection of the resulting 7 (overall yield 15%). An alternative approach to 8 consisted of the coupling of the higher-order cuprate 10, generated by halogen-metal exchange from bromospiropentane (9), with the electrophilic glycine equivalent 11 followed by deprotection (overall yield 47%). Enantiomerically pure (1′-aminospiropentyl)acetic acid [(R)-16] (overall yield 16% from 5-Me) and 1-aminospiropentanecarboxylic acid [(R)-23] (29% from 5-Me) were obtained from the Michael adduct 14-Me of (4R,5S)-4,5-diphenyloxazolidin-2-one (13) and methyl (E/Z)-2-chloro-2-spiropentylideneacetate (5-Me). Racemic 1-aminospiropentanecarboxylic acid (R/S-23) was prepared by rhodium-catalyzed addition of dimethyl diazomalonate to methylenecyclopropane and subsequent Curtius degradation of the halfester 28 via the azide 29 (overall yield 14%). Upon standing in aqueous solution, 23 underwent complete rearrangement to the new 1-amino-2-methylenecyclobutanecarboxylic acid (24). The interesting derivative of azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-1-carboxylate 34 with an annelated spiropentane moiety and a β-amino acid fragment was incidentally obtained in a one-step intermolecular domino reaction starting with the addition of lithium benzylamide to methyl 2-chloro-2-cyclopropylideneacetate (32, 41% yield).
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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