Publication Date:
2024-03-15
Description:
The polar oceans are experiencing some of the largest levels of ocean acidification (OA) resulting from the uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2). Our understanding of the impacts this is having on polar marine communities is mainly derived from studies of single species in laboratory conditions, while the consequences for food web interactions remain largely unknown. This study carried out experimental manipulations of natural pelagic communities at different high latitude sites in both the northern (Nordic Seas) and southern hemispheres (Scotia and Weddell Seas). The aim of this study was to identify more generic responses and greater experimental reproducibility through implementing a series of short term (4 day), multilevel (3 treatment) carbonate chemistry manipulation experiments on unfiltered natural surface ocean communities, including grazing copepods. The experiments were successfully executed at six different sites, covering a diverse range of environmental conditions and differing plankton community compositions. The study identified the interaction between copepods and dinoflagellate cell abundance to be significantly altered by elevated levels of dissolved CO2 (pCO2), with dinoflagellates decreasing relative to ambient conditions across all six experiments. A similar pattern was not observed in any other major phytoplankton group. The patterns indicate that copepods show a stronger preference for dinoflagellates when in elevated pCO2 conditions, demonstrating that changes in food quality and altered grazing selectivity may be a major consequence of ocean acidification. The study also found that transparent exopolymeric particles (TEP) generally increased when pCO2 levels were elevated, but the response was dependent on the exact set of environmental conditions. Bacteria and nannoplankton showed a neutral response to elevated pCO2 and there was no significant relationship between changes in bacterial or nannoplankton abundance and that of TEP concentrations. Overall, the study illustrated that, although some similar responses exist, these contrasting high latitude surface ocean communities are likely to show different responses to the onset of elevated pCO2.
Keywords:
Alkalinity, total; Ammonium; Antarctic; Aragonite saturation state; Arctic; Bacteria; Bacteria, high DNA fluorescence; Bacteria, low DNA fluorescence; Bicarbonate ion; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bottle number; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon/Nitrogen ratio; Carbon/Nitrogen ratio, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Carbon mass; Carbon mass, standard deviation; Ciliates; Coast and continental shelf; Community composition and diversity; Diatoms; Dinoflagellates; E01_271; E03_271; E03_274; E04_271; E04_274; E05_271; Entire community; Event label; EXP; Experiment; Flagellates; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Hydrogen, standard deviation; Hydrogen content; Laboratory experiment; Nanoflagellates; Nanoflagellates, heterotrophic; Nanoflagellates, phototrophic; Nitrate and Nitrite; Nitrogen, standard deviation; Nitrogen mass; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Open ocean; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; Phosphate; Polar; Salinity; Silicate; Station label; Temperature, water; Time in hours; Transparent exopolymer particles as Gum Xanthan equivalents per volume; Treatment; Type
Type:
Dataset
Format:
text/tab-separated-values, 4975 data points
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