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  • Correlation study  (2)
  • Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity anomaly technique (Smith and Key, 1975); Aragonite saturation state; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Calcification/Dissolution; Calcification rate of calcium carbonate; Calcite saturation state; Calculated; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbon dioxide; Coast and continental shelf; DATE/TIME; DEPTH, water; Entire community; EPOCA; EUR-OCEANS; European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis; European Project on Ocean Acidification; Field observation; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Measured; North Pacific; OA-ICC; OCE; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Oceanography; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; Radiation, photosynthetically active; Rocky-shore community; Salinity; Suzuki_etal_94/95; Temperate; Temperature, water  (1)
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  • 1
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Suzuki, A; Nakamori, T; Kayanne, Hajime (1995): The mechanism of production enhancement in coral reef carbonate systems: model and empirical results. Sedimentary Geology, 99(3-4), 259-280, https://doi.org/10.1016/0037-0738(95)00048-D
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: Coral reefs are characterized by enormous carbonate production of the organisms. It is known that rapid calcification is linked to photosynthesis under control of the carbonate equilibrium in seawater. We have established a model simulating the coexisting states of photosynthesis and calcification in order to examine the effects of photosynthesis and calcification on the carbonate system in seawater. Supposing that the rates of photosynthesis and calcification are proportional to concentrations of their inorganic carbon source, the model calculations indicate that three kinds of unique interactions of the organic and inorganic carbon productions are expected. These are photosynthetic enhancement of calcification, calcification which benefits photosynthesis and carbonate dissolution induced by respiration. The first effect appears when the photosynthetic rate is more than approximately 1.2 larger than that of calcification. This effect is caused by the increase of CO3 content and carbonate saturation degree in seawater. If photosynthesis use molecular carbon dioxide, the second effect occurs when the calcification rate is more than approximately 1.6 times larger than that of photosynthesis. Time series model experiments indicate that photosynthesis and calcification potentially enhance each other and that organic and inorganic carbon is produced more efficiently in the coexisting system than in the isolated reactions. These coexisting effects on production enhancement of photosynthesis and calcification are expected to appear not only in the internal pool of organisms but also in a reef environment which is isolated from the outer ocean during low tide. According to the measurements on the fringing type Shiraho Reef in the Ryukyu Islands, the diurnal change of water properties (pH, total alkalinity, total carbon dioxide and carbonate saturation degree) were conspicuous. This environment offers an appropriate condition for the appearance of these coexisting effects. The photosynthetic enhancement of calcification and the respiratory inducement of decalcification were observed during day-time and night-time slack-water periods, respectively. These coexisting effects, especially the photosynthetic enhancement of calcification, appear to play important roles for fluorishing coral reef communities.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity anomaly technique (Smith and Key, 1975); Aragonite saturation state; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Calcification/Dissolution; Calcification rate of calcium carbonate; Calcite saturation state; Calculated; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbon dioxide; Coast and continental shelf; DATE/TIME; DEPTH, water; Entire community; EPOCA; EUR-OCEANS; European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis; European Project on Ocean Acidification; Field observation; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Measured; North Pacific; OA-ICC; OCE; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Oceanography; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; Radiation, photosynthetically active; Rocky-shore community; Salinity; Suzuki_etal_94/95; Temperate; Temperature, water
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 189 data points
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Transthoracic impedance plethysmogram ; Perfusion of dogs ; Stroke volume ; Correlation study
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommaire En perfusant l'aorte et l'artère pulmonaire des chiens d'un débit sinusoïdal ou pulsatile régulé, on a étudié l'origine de la variation d'impédance transthoracique et la relation entre le débit volumétrique réel du sang et la valeur du volume de la course calculée par la méthode des impédances de Kubicek (SVz). Les résultats étaient les suivants: (1) le composant principal de la forme d'onde de l'impédance transthoracique qui est à la base du calcul de la valeur SVz a son origine dans le débit du sang du système plutôt que dans le débit du sang pulmonaire; (2) léquation de Kubicek permet de calculer la valeur relative de SV, non la valeur absolue; (3) la fréquence hydraulique du débit sinusoïdal réel du sang a une grande incidence sur la valeur SVz.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Die Quelle der transthorakalen Impedanzschwankung und das Verhältnis zwischen eigentlichem Blutvolumenfluß und Hubvolumenwert, die durch das Kubicek'sche Impedanzverfahren (HVz) berechnet wurden, wurden untersucht, indem Aorta und Pulmonalarterie bei Hunden mit einem gesteuerten sinusähnlichen oder pulsähnlichen Durchfluß durchströmt wurden. Dabei wurden folgende Ergebnisse erzielt: (1) der Hauptbestandteil der transthorakalen Impedanzwellenform, aus dem der HVz-Wert errechnet wird, stammt nicht aus dem pulmonalen Blutstron, sonderm aus dem großen Blutkreislauf; (2) durch die Kubicek'sche Gleichung kann nicht der absolute, sondern der relative Hubvolumenwert errechnet werden; und (3) die Hydraulikfrequenz des eigentlichen sinusähnlichen Blutstroms wirkt sich stark auf den HVz-Wert aus.
    Notes: Abstract By perfusing the aorta and the pulmonary artery of dogs with a controlled sinusoidal or pulsatile flow, the source of the transthoracic impedance variation and the relationship between the actual blood volume flow and the stroke volume value calculated by Kubicek's impedance method s.v.z were investigated. The results are as follows: (a) the main component of the transthoracic impedance waveform from which the s.v.z value is calculated originates from the systemic blood flow rather than from the pulmonary blood flow; (b) not the absolute but the relative value of the stroke volume can be calculated by Kubicek's equation; and (c) the s.v.z value is greatly affected by the hydraulic frequency of the actual sinusoidal blood flow.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Transthoracic impedance plethysmography ; Stroke volume ; Correlation study ; Model experiment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommaire Les méthodes Nyboer et Kubicek utilisées pour mesurer le volume de course (sv) ont été utilisées avec un modèle de tube dilatable afin d'analyser la relation entre la variation de l'impédance et le débit réel. Une étude de corrélation préliminaire entre cette méthode et la débitmétrie électromagnétique a été faite sur 28 chiens. Le coefficient de corrélation et le pourcentage de décentralisation dans une plage d'erreur de ±25% pour les chiens individuels étaient de 0·79 et 53·5%; pour des chiens dont le SV était régulé par des drogues les valeurs étaient de 0·88 et 82·4%. L'équation de Nyboer permet de faire des mesures précises de la valeur SV et le débit volumétrique d'un débit sinusoïdal, et d'un débit pulsatile, dans un tube à sortie fermée. Dans un tube à sortie ouverte l'équation de Kubicek ne permet qu'une mesure approximative de la valeur SV du débit pulsatile. Dans les deux tubes la fréquence hydraulique du débit et la longueur du tube sont les facteurs déterminants en ce qui concerne la plage de fréquences de fonctionnement de la méthode. Nous nous sommes basés sur ces résultats pour discuter le moyen d'utiliser la théorie sur un sujet vivant.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Die Verfahren von Nyboer und Kubicek zum Messen des Hubvolumens (HV) wurden mit einem dehnbaren Röhrenmodell verwendet, um das Verhältnis zwischen Impedanzschwankung und eigentlichem Durchfluß zu analysieren. Eine vorläufige Korrelationsuntersuchung zwischen dem Verfahren und der elektromagnetischen Durchflußmessung wurde an 28 Hunden durchgeführt: der Korrelationskoeffizient und der Dezentralisationsprozemtsatz bei einer Regelabweichung von ±25% lagen bei den einzelnen Hunden bei 0·79 und 53·5%, während sie bei Hunden, deren HV durch Drogen gesteuert wurde, bei 0·88 bzw. 82·4% lagen. Der HV-Wert und die Volumendruchflußmenge eines sinusähnlichen sowie eines pulsähnlichen Durchflusses in der Röhre mit verstopftem Ausgang können mit Hilfe der Nyboer'schen Gleichung genau gemessen werden. In der Röhre mit offenem Abfluß läßt sich der HV-Wert des pulsähnlichen Durchflusses durch die Kubicek'sche Gleichung nur ungefähr messen. In beiden Röhren waren Hydraulikfrequenz des Durchflusses und Röhrenlänge die wesentlichsten Faktoren, die sich auf den Betriebsfrequenzbereich des Verfahrens auswirkten. Auf Grund der Ergebnisse wurde besprochen, wie die Theorie auf einen lebenden Patienten Anwendung finden kann.
    Notes: Abstract The method of Nyboer and Kubicek for measuring stroke volume (s.v.) was used with an expansible tube model to analyse the relationship between the impedance variation and the actual flow. A preliminary correlation study between the method and electromagnetic flowmetry was conducted on 28 dogs: The correlation coefficient and the percentage of decentralisation within a ±25% error for the individual dogs were 0·79 and 53·5%, while those for a dog whose s.v. was controlled by drugs were 0·88 and 82·4%. The s.v. value and volume flow rate of a sinusoidal flow, as well as of a pulsatile flow, in the tube with an occluded outflow can be measured exactly by Nyboer's equation. In the tube with an opened outflow the s.v. value of the pulsatile flow can be measured only approximately by Kubicek's equation. In both tubes, the hydraulic frequency of the flow and the tube length are the most important factors governing the working frequency range of the method. Based on the results, we have discussed how to utilise the theory with a living subject.
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