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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intermolecular interactions in liquid adsorption chromatography (1983)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 17 (1983), S. 143-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Liquid chromatography ; Intermolecular interactions ; Adsorption from solutions ; Chemically modified layers in LC ; Conformation of bonded chains
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary For the investigation of intermolecular interactions in adsorption from solution, which are the basis of selectivity in molecular liquid chromatography (LC), it is convenient to use the LC method itself. Using this method the Henry's constants, K1, and other thermodynamic adsorption characteristics of hydrocarbons and of a series of polar substances on hydroxylated silica surface were determined from aqueous solutions. On the basis of the adsorption of hydrocarbons from water solutions the structure of the chemically modifying layers formed by different hydrocarbon groups on the silica surface is considered. The role of conformation ability of straight-chain bonded phases is demonstrated. Hydrocarbons are adsorbed on the hydroxylated silica surface more strongly from aqueous solutions than from solutions in saturated hydrocarbons and their retention increases with the increase in the number of carbon atoms in the molecule. The retention in LC is determined by the intermolecular interaction of the solute and solvent molecules with the adsorbent, as well by the contribution of the intermolecular interaction, between the solute and the solvent. The thermodynamic characteristics of adsorption of cymarin from water-ethanol solutions on hydroxylated silica gel and on silica gel surface modified by diphenylsilyl groups is compared. The solubility of silica gel modified by diphenylsilyl groups at different composition of water-ethanol eluent at different temperatures is investigated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02271037
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study of adsorption from solutions by frontal chromatography (1985)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 20 (1985), S. 525-528 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Liquid-solid chromatography ; Frontal analysis ; Adsorption isotherms ; Adsorption from solutions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The automatic frontal chromatography installation was described. By this chromatographic method the adsorption isotherm of benzene from n-heptane solutions on hydroxylated surface of silica with various porosity has been determined. This investigation was performed at different flow rates of eluent and in a wide range of concentrations. The isotherm of adsorption obtained by this chromatographic method has been compared with the results of the static measurements. The coincidence of adsorption isotherms measured at the various flow rates are shown to be a criterion of proximity the chromatographic process to the equilibrium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02312170
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physico-chemical applications of liquid chromatography I. Investigation of the adsorption of cardiac glycosides from water-ethanol solutions on silanized silica (1980)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 13 (1980), S. 745-751 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Adsorption from solutions ; Liquid chromatography ; Cardiac glycosides
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Using the cardiac glycoside cymarin as the example the application of liquid chromatography for the study of adsorption from solutions and the determination of the corresponding thermodynamic characteristics was investigated. The adsorption isotherm of cymarin at small concentrations from a water-ethanol solvent on silica gel modified by dimethyldichlorosilane was measured under static conditions using analytical LC to determine the concentrations of solutions after adsorption. The values of the Henry constants were obtained by extrapolating the slope of the adsorption isotherm down to zero concentration. The specific retention volumes for different but small sample sizes of cymarin in the chromatographic column were measured, the adsorbent and the water-ethanol eluent being the same as in the static conditions. The specific retention volume for a small (zero) sample size determined by liquid chromatography experiment coincides with the Henry constant of cymarin adsorption determined in static conditions. In favourable cases liquid chromatography can be used to determine the equilibrium constants for adsorption from solution. The dependence of the Henry constants on temperature was investigated for several cardiac glycosides. The influence of the modification of the adsorbent surface on the separation of the cardiac glycosides was also studied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02265553
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas chromatographic study of adsorption of nitrogen-containing organic compounds on graphitized thermal carbon black (1981)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 478-483 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas-solid chromatography ; Graphitized thermal carbon black ; Thermodynamics of adsorption ; Nitrogen compounds
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary To study the role of the nitrogen atom in various valence states in the adsorption of nitrogen-containing molecules on the surface of hydrogen-treated graphitized thermal carbon black (HGTCB) gas chromatography was applied to determine the thermodynamic characteristics of adsorption: Henry's constants and heats of adsorption at zero surface coverage of nitriles, amines and indols on HGTCB. Adsorption characteristics of nitrogen-containing organic compounds and corresponding hydrocarbons are compared. It is shown that the logarithm of the retention volume and the heat of adsorption of n-alkylamines and n-alkylnitriles linearly depend on the number of carbon atoms in the molecule and on the average polarisability of the molecule. Relationship has been established between the Henry's constant as well as the heat of adsorption and the geometry of the molecule's disposition on HGTCB surface. Examples are given for the separation of a number of amines on the basis of the geometry of their molecules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02263538
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of intermolecular interaction with the eluent on the retention of phenol and aniline on polar and non-polar surfaces (1983)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 17 (1983), S. 312-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Selectivity in liquid chromatography ; Intermolecular interactions with eluent ; Adsorption from solutions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The retention order of aniline and phenol on hydroxylated silica gel surface is reversed with the increase of the concentration of a polar component in the eluent. At minor (about 1%) concentrations of isopropanol in hexane aniline emerges first followed by phenol, the elution order being reversed with the increase of isopropanol concentration above 2%. The same behaviour is observed for silica gel with chemically bonded C16 n-alkyl groups and for porous styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer. In all these cases the retention depends to a great extent on substance-eluent intermolecular interactions. At high isopropanol concentration in hexane the rise of column temperature changes the retention order of aniline and phenol on silica gel with hydroxylated surface since the association of these molecules with isopropanol as well as the isopropanol adsorption weaken as the temperature increases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02270664
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular structure and retention behaviour of some polycyclic aromatic and perhydroaromatic hydrocarbons on graphitized carbon black (1984)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 18 (1984), S. 183-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas Chromatography ; Graphitized thermal carbon black ; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ; Structure-retention relationships
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary On efficient glass capillary columns packed with graphitized thermal carbon black (GTCB) the stereoisomers of aromatic and saturated tricyclic hydrocarbons are completely separated and identified. The Henry's adsorption constants of the individual isomers were determined from mixtures at different temperatures. Five isomers of perhydroanthracene, five isomers of perhydrofluorene, two isomers of perhydrophenalene, four isomers of perhydroacenaphthene, as well as phenalene, dihydrophenalene, acenaphthene and acenaphthylene were investigated. The increase of the hydrogenization degree of unsaturated tricyclic hydrocarbons reduces the retention. Among the saturated tricyclic isomers the retention becomes shorter with the larger bending of the molecules, i.e. from the molecule having more equatorial bonds to the molecules having more axial connections. The experimentally determined Henry's constants were qualitatively compared with the structure of the separated molecules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02276730
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die Retention von Indan- und Inden-Kohlenwasserstoffen auf graphitiertem thermischen Ruß (1980)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 13 (1980), S. 493-496 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas adsorption chromatography ; Graphitized thermal carbon black ; Indan ; Indan-type hydrocarbons
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es werden die Werte der Retentionsvolumina, der Retentionsindices und andere thermodynamische Adsorptionscharakteristiken von zehn Indan- und Inden-Kohlenwasserstoffen mit 9–11 Kohlenstoffatomen auf graphitiertem thermischem Ruß (GTR) bestimmt. Es wurde festgestellt, daß auf GTR die Kohlenwasserstoffe der Inden-Reihe am stärksten adsorbiert werden und am schwächsten cis-Hydrandan, was mit den Besonderheiten der geometrischen Struktur dieser Verbindungen zusammenhängt. Es wird die Möglichkeit der Anwendung von GTR für die vollständige Trennung der cis- und trans-Isomeren von Hydrindan gezeigt.
    Notes: Summary The retention volumes, retention indices and other thermodynamic values characteristic of the adsorption of ten indan-hydrocarbons having 9–11 carbon atoms were determined on graphitized thermal carbon black (GTCB). It is shown that GTCB adsorbs strongest the hydrocarbons of the indan series and weakest cis hydrindan. This is related to the peculiarities of the geometric structure of the compounds. The possibility of the application of GTCB for the complete separation of cis and trans hydrindan is shown.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02261620
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromatographic determination and molecular-statistical calculation of retention volumes of oxygen-containing organic substances on graphitized thermal carbon black part 1: Cyclic ethers and ketones (1983)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 17 (1983), S. 526-532 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas adsorption chromatography ; Graphitized thermal carbon black ; Cyclic ethers and ketones ; Atom-atom oxygen … carbon potentials
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The paper is concerned with molecular-statistical determination of retention volumes of oxygen-containing organic substances such as cyclic ethers and ketones by presenting the potential energy of intermolecular interaction of the molecules with a monoatomic adsorbent having homogeneous flat surface (graphitized thermal carbon black) as a sum of atom-atom potentials. In order to eliminate the specific interactions of ethers and ketones with the traces of surface oxygen compounds on graphitized thermal carbon black, the latter was treated additionally with hydrogen. Comparison is made between the experimentally measured retention volumes and the Henry constants calculated for reference molecules of ethers (dioxane) and ketones (cyclohexanone) to correct the atom-atom potentials. It is shown that the atom-atom potentials obtained for the reference molecules can be used for other ethers and ketones of known structure with the subsequent calculation of the corresponding values of the retention volumes in terms of molecular statistics. When the structure is not known its parameters are optimized using the chromatostructural method (chromatoscopy). The calculated heat of adsorption values agree well with those determined from the chromatographic measurements. Chromatograms showing the full separation of mixtures of the ethers and ketones studied were obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02261914
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reactive polymers, XXXVIII.Part XXXVII: Angew. Makromol. Chem. 95 (1981) 129. Sorption of acid gases on macroporous 2,3-epoxypropyl methacrylate copolymers modified by a reaction with amines (1981)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 96 (1981), S. 69-84 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Eine Aminolyse von makroporösen Copolymeren aus Glycidylmethacrylat und Ethylendimethacrylat führte zu Sorbentien mit einem unterschiedlichen Gehalt an Amino-und Hydroxygruppen. Es wurde die Abhängigkeit zwischen strukturellen Parametern und der Schwefeldioxidsorption auf der einen und der Konzentration des Vernetzungsmittels und der porogenen Lösungsmittel in der Polymerisationsmischung auf der anderen Seite untersucht. Die Schwefeldioxidsorption hängt von der geometrischen Struktur des Sorbens, der Konzentration, der chemischen Struktur und der Erreichbarkeit der funktionellen Gruppen ab.
    Notes: Macroporous copolymers of 2,3-epoxypropyl methacrylate and ethylenedimethacrylate modified by aminolysis yielded sorbents with various contents of amino and hydroxy groups. The dependences of structural characteristics of these sorbents and of the sorption of sulphur dioxide on the content of crosslinking agent and on the cyclohexanol/dodecanol ratio used as the porogenic medium in the preparation of copolymers were investigated. The sorption of sulphur dioxide depends on the geometrical structure of the sorbent, concentration, chemical structure and accessibility of functional groups.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1981.050960106
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interaction between Xenon Di- and Tetrafluoride with Alkali Metal Fluorides (1988)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 559 (1988), S. 171-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Über die Umsetzung der Di- und Tetrafluoride des Xenons mit Fluoriden der AlkalimetalleDie Umsetzung von XeF2 und XeF4 mit Verbindungen des Typs MF (M = Na, K, Rb, Cs) wird untersucht. Es bilden sich dabei Hexafluoroxenate(IV) mit der Summenformel M2XeF6, die das oktaedrische Anion XeF62- enthalten. Cs2XeF6 und Rb2XeF6 bilden monokline Kristalle (a0 = 853,7(5); b0 = 669,6(2); c0 = 843,6(5) pm; β = 121,7(1)° für Cs2XeF6 und a0 = 812,6(4); b0 = 631,9(2); c0 = 795,6(4) pm; β = 121,5(1)° für Rb2XeF6). K2XeF6: tetragonal mit a0 = 868,8(2); c0 = 747,8(2) pm; Na2XeF6: hexagonal mit a0 = 642,1(3); c0 = 844,8(5) pm. Es wird gezeigt, daß sich die Verbindungen M2XeF6 inkongruent in wasserfreiem HF lösen, wobei sich unter anderem das Solvolyseprodukt XeF4 bildet. Es wird nachgewiesen, daß die Thermolyse von M2XeIVF6 und M2XeVIF8 unter ähnlichen Bedingungen abläuft.
    Notes: Interaction of XeF2 or XeF4 with MF (M = Na, K, Rb, Cs) has been studied. Hexafluoroxenates(IV) M2XeF6 containing the octahedral XeF62- anion (in accordance with spectroscopy data) were formed in the reaction. Cs2XeF6 and Rb2XeF6 form monoclynic crystals (a0 = 853.7(5); b0 = 669.6(2); c0 = 843.6(5) pm; β = 121.7(1)° and a0 = 812.6(4); b0 = 631.9(2); c0 = 795.6(4) pm; β = 121.5(1)°, respectively). K2XeF6 has a tetragonal lattice (a0 = 868.8(2); c0 = 747.8(2) pm), while Na2XeF6 has a hexagonal one (a0 = 642.1(3); c0 = 844.8(5) pm). M2XeF6 is shown to dissolve in unhydrous HF incongruently, one of the solvolitic products being XeF4. Thermolysis of M2XeIVF6 and M2XeVIF8 were shown to proceed under similar temperatures.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19885590120
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