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  • 1
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    Pioneer Venus and near-earth observations of interplanetary shocks (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Twenty-three transient interplanetary shocks observed near earth during 1978-1982, and mostly reported in the literature, have also been identified at the Pioneer Venus Orbiter spacecraft. There seems to be a fairly consistent trend for lower shock speeds, farther from the sun. Shock normals obtained using the Pioneer Venus data correspond well with published values from near earth. By referring to the portion of the Pioneer Venus plasma data used here from locations at longitudes within 37 deg of earth, it is found that shocks are weaker at earth, compared with those closer to the sun.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 92; 3385-339
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  • 2
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    Dust in space and comets; Proceedings of the Topical Meeting, Graz, Austria, June 25-July 7, 1984 (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-09
    Description: Consideration is given to: the mass loading of planetary magnetospheres by rocky satellites; the effects of electrostatic forces on the vertical structure of planetary rings; and dust motion in Jupiter's tilted magnetic field. Other topics include: IRAS observations of cometary dust; dust environment models for Comet P/Halley; plasma processes and solar wind interaction; and cometary interplanetary field enhancements in the solar wind. Consideration is also given to: the impact of dust grains on fast fly-by spacecraft; EUV observations of Comet Halley; and the thermal model and thermo-mechanical stresses in cometary nuclei.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: (ISSN 0273-1177)
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  • 3
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    The magnetic field turbulence at Comet Halley observed by Vega 1 and 2 (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The magnetic field observed by the VEGA spacecraft seems to be disturbed by the comet over a wide frequency band, and over an extended range surrounding the comet. The level of magnetic fluctuations seems higher than that of the solar wind at least as low as -0.3 mHz and as far as -10 Mkm. The observed fluctuation level near water group ion cyclotron frequency does not show a clear dependence on the distance from the comet when the spacecraft is far from the comet, but in the cometary magnetosheath the fluctuation level decreases with the decreasing distance from the comet near both proton and water group ion cyclotron frequency.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
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  • 4
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    Mirror mode waves at Comet Halley (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: High resolution VEGA magnetic field and plasma data in Halley's magnetosphere reveal out-of-phase oscillations of the type expected to be driven by the mirror mode instability. The spacecraft passes through these structures in about 20 s. The magnetic energy density drops about 6.5 x 15 exp 9 ergs/cu cm in a typical event. The thickness of these regions is about a water-group ion gyro diameter. While such enhancements should be invisible against the comet when viewed perpendicular to the wavefronts, they could be visible as rays when viewed tangential to the wavefronts.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
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  • 5
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    A parametric study of the solar wind interaction with comets (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The Naval Research Laboratory's magnetohydrodynamic simulation code is used to simulate the solar wind interction with comet Halley for two different outgassing rates and several different solar wind states. The magnetic field is more strongly draped for fast solar wind conditions than slow. For higher mass loading rates, the tail becomes wider and contains more magnetic flux. The visual appearance of the comet differs for the case in which the interplanetary magnetic field lies in the plane of the sky from the case when it lies along the line of sight. The ion tail appears shorter in the latter case. Thus variation in the IMF direction can cause significant changes in the appearance of comets. The comet also creates a large momentum flux deficit in the solar wind with a narrow enhanced region within it corresponding to the ion tail.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
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  • 6
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    PROMIS series. Volume 8: Midlatitude ground magnetograms (1990)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: This is the eighth in a series of volumes pertaining to the Polar Region Outer Magnetosphere International Study (PROMIS). This volume contains 24 hour stack plots of 1-minute average, H and D component, ground magnetograms for the period March 10 through June 16, 1986. Nine midlatitude ground stations were selected from the UCLA magnetogram data base that was constructed from all available digitized magnetogram stations. The primary purpose of this publication is to allow users to define universal times and onset longitudes of magnetospheric substorms.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-TM-105048-VOL-8 , NAS 1.15:105048-VOL-8 , NSSDC/WDC-A-R/S-90-10-VOL-8
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 7
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    Three spacecraft measurements of an unusual disturbance in the solar wind - Further evidence for a cometary encounter (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: It is noted that, while the Pioneer Venus orbiter detected an unusual IMF and solar wind plasma disturbance on Feb. 11, 1982, the Venera 13 and 14 spacecraft were conducting IMF measurements 6 million miles away which exhibit very weak disturbances several hours after the peak of the Pioneer Venus event. It is speculated that, if the event had been a solar-initiated disturbance, it should have been detected in virtually unaltered form by Venera 13 and 14; whose data therefore furnish further evidence for the cometary nature of this event.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters (ISSN 0094-8276); 12; 476-478
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  • 8
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    A possible observation of a cometary bow shock (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: In February, 1982, an unusual enhancement of the IMF was observed by the Pioneer Venus orbiter at 0.72 AU. The three discontinuities within this large disturbance, previously suggested to be due to the possible passage of a comet, are examined in view of the alternative possibility of their representing the first observation to date of a cometary shock. It is noted that number density, temperature, and velocity changes, as well as the magnetic structure of the discontinuities, are consistent with this hypothesis.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters (ISSN 0094-8276); 11; 1022-102
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  • 9
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    Multiple spacecraft observations of interplanetary shocks Four spacecraft determination of shock normals (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: ISEE 1, 2, 3, IMP 8, and Prognoz 7 observations of interplanetary shocks in 1978 and 1979 provide five instances where a single shock is observed by four spacecraft. These observations are used to determine best-fit normals for these five shocks. In addition to providing well-documented shocks for future investigations these data allow the evaluation of the accuracy of several shock normal determination techniques. When the angle between upstream and downstream magnetic field is greater than 20 deg, magnetic coplanarity can be an accurate single spacecraft method. However, no technique based solely on the magnetic measurements at one or multiple sites was universally accurate. Thus, the use of overdetermined shock normal solutions, utilizing plasma measurements, separation vectors, and time delays together with magnetic constraints, is recommended whenever possible.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 88; June 1
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  • 10
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    Upstream waves and particles /Tutorial Lecture/ (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The plasma waves, MHD waves, energetic electrons and ions associated with the proximity of the region upstream from terrestrial, planetary and interplanetary shocks are discussed in view of observations and current theories concerning their origin. These waves cannot be separated from the study of shock structure. Since the shocks are supersonic, they continually overtake any ULF waves created in the plasma in front of the shock. The upstream particles and waves are also of intrinsic interest because they provide a plasma laboratory for the study of wave-particle interactions in a plasma which, at least at the earth, is accessible to sophisticated probing. Insight may be gained into interstellar medium cosmic ray acceleration through the study of these phenomena.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
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