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  • 1
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    An imaging observation of SN 1987A at gamma-ray energies (1988)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: The Caltech imaging gamma-ray telescope was launched by balloon from Alice Springs, Australia for observations of SN 1987A during November 1987. The preliminary results presented here are derived from 8200 s of instrument live time on the supernova and 2500 s on the Crab Nebula and pulsar at a float altitude of 36 km. Images of the SN 1987A region at gamma-ray energies confirming that the bulk of the gamma-ray emission comes from the supernova and not from LMC X-1. These flux measurements are compared to recent predictions concerning the distribution of Co-56 in the supernova ejecta. The data are consistent with models invoking moderate mixing of core material into the envelope.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 2 - Letters (ISSN 0004-637X); 334; L87-L90
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  • 2
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    Observations of 1E 1740.7-2942 with ROSAT and the VLA (1994)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: We have observed the Galactic black hole candidate 1E 1740.7-2942 in X-rays with both the ROSAT high resolution imager (HRI) and position-sensitive proportional counter (PSPC) and at 1.5 and 4.9 GHz with the very large array (VLA). From the HRI observation we derive a position for 1E 1740.7-2942 of right ascension = 17(exp h) 43(exp m) 54.9(exp s), declination = -29 deg 44 min 45.3 sec (J2000), with a 90% confidence error circle of radius 8.5 sec. Thermal bremsstrahlung fits to the PSPC data yield a column density of 1.12 + 1.51 or -0.18 X 10(exp 23)/ sq cm, consistent with earlier X-ray measurements. The VLA observations of 4.9 GHz revealed two sources. Source A, which is the core of a double aligned radio jet source (Mirabel et al. 1992), lies within the ROSAT error circle, further confirming its identification with 1E 1740.7-2942.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: The Astrophysical Journal (ISSN 0004-637X); 430; 2 pt; p. 829-833
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  • 3
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    Gamma-ray continuum and line observations of SN 1987A (1993)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-14
    Description: The Caltech gamma-ray imaging telescope observed the hard X-ray and gamma-ray emission from SN 1987A as it evolved between 1987 May and 1989 April, in a series of four balloon flights from Alice Springs, NT, Australia. Observations of the Crab Nebula and Pulsar provided in-flight data on pointing accuracy and instrument function for each flight. Results presented here include our measurements on November 18, 1987 (D268) and April 12, 1988 (D414) of both line emission at 847 and 1238 keV from the decay of Co-56, and Compton-scattered continuum above 50 keV. Upper limits for both line and continuum emission were obtained on May 20, 1987 (D86) and April 4, 1989 (D771). For the D268 and D414 continuum measurements, our results are best-fit by a differential power law of the form dN/dE = kE exp -gamma (sq cm s keV) for the energy range 50-800 keV. Our corresponding line measurements were fit with Gaussian profiles, containing additional terms for the underlying continuum. We compare our flux measurements and upper limits to those from other experiments and to predictions of theoretical models.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 1 (ISSN 0004-637X); 412; 1; p. 203-212.
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  • 4
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    Research in particle and gamma-ray astrophysics (1988)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Research activities in cosmic rays, gamma rays, and astrophysical plasmas are covered. Each activity is described, followed by a bibliography. The research program is directed toward the investigation of the astrophysical aspects of cosmic rays and gamma rays and of the radiation and electromagnetic field environment of the earth and other planets. These investigations were performed by means of energetic particle and photon detector systems flown on spacecraft and balloons.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-CR-183126 , NAS 1.26:183126
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  • 5
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    Research in particles and fields (1987)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The astrophysical aspects of cosmic rays and gamma rays and the radiation and electromagnetic field environment of the Earth and other planets are investigated. These investigations are carried out by means of energetic particle and photon detector systems flown on spacecraft and balloons. Particle astrophysics is directed toward the investigation of galactic, solar, interplanetary, and planetary energetic particles and plasmas. The emphasis is on precision measurements with high resolution in charge, mass, and energy. Gamma ray research is directed toward the investigation of galactic, extragalactic, and solar gamma rays with spectrometers of high angular resolution and moderate energy resolution carried on spacecraft and balloons.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-CR-180173 , NAS 1.26:180173
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  • 6
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    Research in cosmic and gamma ray astrophysics (1992)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Discussed here is research in cosmic ray and gamma ray astrophysics at the Space Radiation Laboratory (SRL) of the California Institute of Technology. The primary activities discussed involve the development of new instrumentation and techniques for future space flight. In many cases these instrumentation developments were tested in balloon flight instruments designed to conduct new investigations in cosmic ray and gamma ray astrophysics. The results of these investigations are briefly summarized. Specific topics include a quantitative investigation of the solar modulation of cosmic ray protons and helium nuclei, a study of cosmic ray positron and electron spectra in interplanetary and interstellar space, the solar modulation of cosmic rays, an investigation of techniques for the measurement and interpretation of cosmic ray isotopic abundances, and a balloon measurement of the isotopic composition of galactic cosmic ray boron, carbon, and nitrogen.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-CR-190083 , NAS 1.26:190083
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  • 7
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    Recent results of gamma-ray imaging observations of the Galactic center and Crab/A0535 + 26 regions (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: Imaging observations at hard X-ray and gamma-ray energies of the Galactic center and Crab/A0535 + 26 regions are presented. The measurements were made in a series of high altitude balloon flights of a coded aperture gamma-ray telescope developed by Caltech. The first coded aperture images of the Galactic center region above 35 keV reveal a strong gamma-ray source located 0.7 + or - 0.1 deg away from the Galactic nucleus, consistent with the known X-ray source 1E1740.7 - 2942. In addition, a second source consistent in position with GX354 + 0 has been observed. Flux estimates and upper limits from two other known sources are also discussed. Coded aperture observations of the Crab and A0535 + 26 are presented, demonstrating the ability of coded aperture instruments to observe multiple time variable sources simultaneously.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Advances in Space Research (ISSN 0273-1177); 11; 8 19
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  • 8
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    Coded-aperture imaging of the Galactic center region at gamma-ray energies (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: The first coded-aperture images of the Galactic center region at energies above 30 keV have revealed two strong gamma-ray sources. One source has been identified with the X-ray source IE 1740.7 - 2942, located 0.8 deg away from the nucleus. If this source is at the distance of the Galactic center, it is one of the most luminous objects in the galaxy at energies from 35 to 200 keV. The second source is consistent in location with the X-ray source GX 354 + 0 (MXB 1728-34). In addition, gamma-ray flux from the location of GX 1 + 4 was marginally detected at a level consistent with other post-1980 measurements. No significant hard X-ray or gamma-ray flux was detected from the direction of the Galactic nucleus or from the direction of the recently discovered gamma-ray source GRS 1758-258.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 2 - Letters (ISSN 0004-637X); 372; L75-L78
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  • 9
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    Discovery of the Orbit of the X-ray pulsar OAO 1657-415 (1993)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-27
    Description: Timing observations of the 38 s accreting X-ray pulsar OAO 1657-415 made with the BATSE large-area detectors on the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory have revealed a binary orbit with an X-ray eclipse by the stellar companion. From the pulsar mass function fx(M) = 11.7 +/- 0.2 solar masses and the measured eclipse half-angle theta(e) = 29.7 +/- 1.3 deg, we infer that the stellar companion is a supergiant of spectral class B0-B6. If the companion can be identified and its orbital velocity measured, the neutron star mass can be constrained. Both intrinsic spin-up and spin-down of the pulsar were measured during our observation.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 2 - Letters (ISSN 0004-637X); 403; 1; p. L33-L37.
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