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  • ASTROPHYSICS  (5)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: A series of high-resolution spectra of the pc-sized nebula around SN1987A are presented. The hollow, 1.7 arcsec-wide nebula has the velocity field of a ring expanding at 10.3 km/s, not that of a limb-brightened spheroid. Fainter nebulosity within 3 arcsec is expanding slightly faster, as indicated by redshifted emission from behind the SN. The geometry of the emission can be used to infer structure, provided that light travel time and recombination delays are accounted for. The analysis sets an upper limit to the velocity of the wind from the progenitor during its red supergiant (RGS) phase, and implies an RSG lifetime of less than 400,000 yr and an interval of about 20,000 yr between the end of the RSG phase and the SN explosion.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Nature (ISSN 0028-0836); 350; 683-685
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The hypothesis that the blue progenitor of SN 1987A passed through a blue supergiant phase ending with the expulsion of the outer envelope is tested. The many light echoes seen near SN 1987A were used to search for a mass flow from the progenitor and for abrupt density changes at the limits of this smooth mass flow. The progenitor needed roughly a million yr to create these structures, assuming a constant mass loss at 15 km/s. The dust in the region is small-grained and isotropically scattering. Interaction between the progenitor blue supergiant and red supergiant winds is probably contained within a roughly spherical structure 1.5 pc in diameter.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 2 - Letters (ISSN 0004-637X); 366; L73-L77
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The discovery of two new light echoes from sheets of material behind supernova 1987A and present images of the progenitor's circumstellar shell are reported, indicating diffuse echoes from the star's red giant wind. The echo sheets' geometry explains well the behavior of SN 1987's 10-micron flux, but the circumstellar shell appears to be 70 percent larger than the prediction from the analysis of narrow UV emission lines. The sheets' recombination time show them relatively thin and dense. The data also constrain the existence of any fourth star in the Sanduleak -69 deg 202 system and show that the feature reported 8 arcsecs from the supernova is probably not an echo from a thin sheet in SN 1987A's foreground.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 2 - Letters (ISSN 0004-637X); 347; L61-L64
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: Long-exposure observations of three bright globular clusters in M31 obtained with both the short- and long-wavelength low-resolution cameras of the International Ultraviolet Explorer satellite are discussed. All of the clusters are seen at the longer wavelengths, but only one of the clusters is seen at short wavelengths, and this detection is marginal. The ultraviolet fluxes are in fact known with only poor precision, and previous conclusions concerning the stellar population are weakened accordingly. Discrepancies between the ultraviolet fluxes obtained here and in other published work are described.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astronomical Journal (ISSN 0004-6256); 100; 141-145
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: Identifications of heavy element line systems, observed in spectra of quasi-stellar objects between 1965 and 1989 inclusive, are collected and tabulated with references. Each system is assigned a quality grade based on the apparent reliability of the data. The highest quality systems are used to characterize the absorbers as a sample. A decrease in C IV line strength with redshift (z), and the corresponding decrease in line density per unit z with z are confirmed. The weakest C IV systems, at high z, are accompanied by relatively stronger Si IV lines, compared to the relative line strengths at low z. The space density of systems with strong lines of first ions is nearly independent of z below z = 3, though it drops at z greater than 3. Preliminary tests for quasar lensing by intervening systems and for clustering of absorbers on large scales are presented.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Royal Astronomical Society, Monthly Notices (ISSN 0035-8711); 250; 24-49
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