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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Orbit dynamics of the solar occultation technique for satellite measurements of the Earth's atmosphere are described. A one-year mission is simulated and the orbit and mission design implications are discussed in detail. Geographical coverage capabilities are examined parametrically for a range of orbit conditions. The hypothetical mission is used to produce a simulated one-year data base of solar occultation measurements; each occultation event is assumed to produce a single number, or 'measurement' and some statistical properties of the data set are examined. A simple model is fitted to the data to demonstrate a procedure for examining global distributions of atmospheric constitutents with the solar occultation technique.
    Keywords: ASTRODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-TP-1606 , L-12804
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The long term behavior of satellites is studied at a level of complexity suitable for the initial planning phases of earth monitoring missions. First-order perturbation theory is used to describe in detail the basic orbit dynamics of satellite motion around the earth and relative to the sun. Surface coverage capabilities of satellite orbits are examined. Several examples of simulated observation and monitoring missions are given to illustrate representative applications of the theory. The examples stress the need for devising ways of maximizing total mission output in order to make the best possible use of the resultant data base as input to those large-scale, long-term earth monitoring activities which can best justify the use of satellite systems.
    Keywords: ASTRODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-RP-1009 , L-11710
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Geometrical considerations are presented for analyzing use of the stellar occultation technique on long duration earth atmosphere monitoring missions. The simulated mission data are presented for three representative orbits. Bright near infrared stars are used as examples of how extensive global longitude-latitude coverage is obtained by performing occultation measurements on several stars during the course of a one year mission. A comparison is made with similar missions using the sun as a light source.
    Keywords: ASTRODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-TM-80138
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: Two types of satellite-based occultation missions are considered for measuring atmospheric constituents. Nominal cases for each type are presented to demonstrate representative solutions to orbit design problems. For the solar occultation mode, large areas of the globe can be covered during a 1-year mission, but the measurements are limited to local dawn or dusk. For the dual satellite mode, with a laser aboard a second satellite to act as a source, diurnal coverage can be obtained at the expense of more complex systems and mission scenarios. In this mode, orbit pairs are selected which maintain their relative orbit plane geometry while their differing periods drive cyclic patterns of latitude coverage. A simulated 1-year solar occultation mission is used to illustrate one way of analyzing occultation data by averaging measurements within bands of constant latitude.
    Keywords: ASTRODYNAMICS
    Type: Astrodynamics Specialist Conference; Sept. 7-9, 1977; Jackson Hole, WY; US
    Format: text
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: A probabilistic approach to the problem of collisions is made possible by basing a model of the relevant characteristics of the total population on the known properties of a fraction of the total. A method of determining collision probability for objects in any two different but potentially intersecting orbits is derived. Collision probabilities for earth-orbital missions are investigated parametrically as a function of orbital characteristics and a hypothetical projection of the results to future orbital missions is discussed.
    Keywords: ASTRODYNAMICS
    Type: IAF PAPER A74-34
    Format: text
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Two types of satellite based occultation missions are considered for measuring atmospheric constituents. Nominal cases for each type are presented to demonstrate representative solutions to orbit design problems. For the solar occultation mode, large areas of the globe can be covered during a one year mission, but the measurements are limited to local dawn or dusk. For the dual satellite mode, with a laser aboard a second satellite to act as a source, diurnal coverage can be obtained at the expense of more complex systems and mission scenarios. In this mode, orbit pairs are selected which maintain their relative orbit plane geometry while their differing periods drive cyclic patterns of latitude coverage. A simulated one year solar occultation mission is used to illustrate one way of analyzing occultation data by averaging measurements within bands of constant latitude.
    Keywords: ASTRODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-TM-80137 , AIAA PAPER 79-101 , AAS/AIAA Astrodyn. Specialist Conf.; Jun 25, 1979 - Jun 27, 1979; Provincetown, MA; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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