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  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (3)
  • ASTRODYNAMICS  (2)
  • 1975-1979  (4)
  • 1890-1899  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 149 (1976), S. 33-51 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The mature annelid cuticle contains orthogonally oriented collagen in a matrix capped superficially by a dense epicuticle with external corpuscles. The underlying epidermis is a simple columnar epithelium with two major cell types, mucous-secreting cells which secrete through channels in the cuticle to the exterior of the worm, and “supportive” cells which presumably produce and increase the cuticle by secreting into it.The structures of supportive cells, previously interpreted as specialized for establishing interfibrillar collagen order, are revealed by glutaraldehyde fixation as common cellular components without the qualities deemed useful to align collagen. Cell processes which penetrate and sometimes pass completely through the cuticle are not stable, not in geometric order, and lack cilia-like structure. Cilia, unlike the ubiquitous cellular processes, are highly restricted to regions of the epidermis with specialized functions. Cellular control, or other control, of collagen fibrillogenesis remains unestablished.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 149 (1976), S. 53-71 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Appearance of collagen fibrils in the cuticle was seen by electron microscopy to be preceded by fonnation of a finely filamentous matrix material. At first, the fine filaments of the matrix are unorganized. However, signs of orthogonal ordering soon appear in the most superficial portion of the cuticle, and subsequently appear more basally and closer to the underlying epidermis. Meanwhile, fibrils of different staining properties and identifiable as collagen begin to be deposited in the superficial portion of the cuticle, the same region which first showed organized fine filaments. Then, like the fine filaments before them, the collagen fibrils polymerize more basally. Collagen appears to polymerize on the preformed skeleton of fine filaments as though the fine filaments caused the collagen to assemble. Neither the polymerization nor ordering of collagen fibrils seems to require direct cellular intervention but occur first in that portion of the cuticle which is furthest away from the underlying epidermis. The fine filaments may be self ordering, extracellular macromolecules which in turn determine the polymerization of collagen fibrils.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A generalized hypothesis testing approach is applied to the problem of tracking several objects where several different associations of data with objects are possible. Such problems occur, for instance, when attempting to distinctly track several aircraft maneuvering near each other or when tracking ships at sea. Conceptually, the problem is solved by first, associating data with objects in a statistically reasonable fashion and then, tracking with a bank of Kalman filters. The objects are assumed to have motion characterized by a fixed but unknown deterministic portion plus a random process portion modeled by a shaping filter. For example, the object might be assumed to have a mean straight line path about which it maneuvers in a random manner. Several hypothesized associations of data with objects are possible because of ambiguity as to which object the data comes from, false alarm/detection errors, and possible uncertainty in the number of objects being tracked. The statistical likelihood function is computed for each possible hypothesized association of data with objects. Then the generalized likelihood is computed by maximizing the likelihood over parameters that define the deterministic motion of the object.
    Keywords: ASTRODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Flight Mech.(Estimation Theory Symp.; p 169-182
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The performance of solid rocket motors in expendable stages as an alternative concept for Shuttle interim upper stage applications is assessed from the standpoint of mission flexibility. The system comprises two stages and a payload, released from a circular Shuttle orbit at 160 naut miles altitude. The stages are sized to deliver a given payload mass to synchronous equatorial orbit. Only nonreturn missions are considered. A parametric sweep was made with small increments of pitch and yaw to compute the possible transfer orbits with an apogee greater than 160 naut miles. At several points on each transfer orbit the possibility of attaining a circular orbit with the second burn impulse of 6000 fps was assessed. Constraints on the vertical component of the second impulse and on the total velocity after firing determine the pitch angle for second burn. Results indicate a fixed two-impulse system designed to place a payload into synchronous equatorial orbit from the Shuttle orbit can deliver the payload mass into any lower circular orbit at any inclination within about 30 deg of the Shuttle orbit. The only apparent disadvantage of the system is an inability to achieve circular orbits above geosynchronous altitudes with the design payload.
    Keywords: ASTRODYNAMICS
    Type: Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets; 12; Oct. 197
    Format: text
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