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  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (2,481)
  • AERODYNAMICS  (2,275)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intracellular concentration of elements in normal and dystrophic skeletal muscles of the chicken (1980)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 103 (1980), S. 193-200 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: In this study, the intracellular concentrations of six elements (mmole/kg dry weight) were directly measured in the muscle fibers of pectoralis major muscles of eight week old, genetically dystrophic and normal chickens by the X-ray microanalysis technique. The extent of muscle degeneration was evaluated by morphometric measurements of muscle fiber diameter and other histological changes. A significant increase in the concentration of intracellular sodium and chlorine was evident in dystrophic muscles. The concentration of intracellular sodium was 127.0 ± 35.0 in the muscle fibers of dystrophic chicks compared to 65.7 ± 16.5 in normal controls. The concentration of chlorine was 90.5 ± 27.5 and 54.1 ± 5.5 in the muscle fibers of dystrophic and normal chicks respectively. The intracellular concentrations of potassium, magnesium, phosphorous, and sulfur remained unchanged in the dystrophic condition. Morphometric studies revealed that the dystrophic pectoralis muscles contain fewer but thicker fibers per unit area compared to normal pectoralis muscles. The importance of these findings are discussed in relation to the results of earlier investigations.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041030204
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  • 2
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    NASA AND THE UNIVERSITIES. PRINCIPAL ADDRESSES AT THE GENERAL SESSIONS (1962)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-05-11
    Description: Space exploration & space science - conference addresses
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-EP-5
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nuclear protein redistribution in heat-shocked cells (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 154 (1993), S. 402-409 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: An increase was observed in the total protein mass of nuclei isolated from Chinese hamster ovary cells heated at 45°C or 45.5°C. An increase in the fractional recovery of DNA polymerase α and β, and of DNA topoisomerase activity coincided with this increase in the protein mass of nuclei from heated cells. Nuclear protein mass which was soluble in 2.0 M NaCl decreased 0.5 fold, while DNA-associated and nuclear matrix-associated protein mass increased 2.2 and 3.4 fold, respectively. The results indicate that the increase in nuclear protein mass observed in nuclei from heated cells is due in part to an increased binding, or precipitation, of nuclear proteins onto the cell's DNA and nuclear matrix. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041540224
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role for autocrine TGF-β1 in regulating differentiation of a human leukemic cell line toward osteoclast-like cells (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 160 (1994), S. 482-490 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Increasing evidence suggests that transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is involved in bone formation during remodeling. Using a recently cloned human leukemic cell line (FLG 29.1 cells) we demonstrate that these cells synthesize and secrete TGF-β1 and that exogenous or autocrine TGF-β1 can induce the same features of osteoclastic-like cells, exerting its effects through the binding to TGF-β specific receptors. Scatchard analysis of 125I-labeled TGF-β1 to FLG 29.1 cells revealed the presence of a single high affinity binding site with a Kd value of ∼25 pM and a binding capacity of ∼900 sites/cell. Affinity labeling experiments showed that FLG 29.1 cells express type I and type II TGF-β receptors. Stimulation of FLG 29.1 cells with low TGF-β1 doses reduced cell proliferation and increased cell adhesion and tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAcP) activity. Pretreatment of FLG 29.1 cells with TGF-β1 caused a significant and dose-dependent response to calcitonin. Northern blot of total mRNA and analysis of the conditioned media (CM) showed that TGF-β1 was synthesized by FLG 29.1 cells. TPA treatment, which induces partial differentiation of these cells, markedly increased TGF-β1 mRNA expression and growth factor release. The majority of TGF-β1 secreted by TPA-treated cells was in its latent form. However, anti-TGF-β antibodies inhibited TGF-β1 and TPA-induced growth inhibition, calcitonin responsiveness, and TRAcP activity, suggesting that the TPA effect is mediated in part by autocrine TGF-β1 and indicating that the cells can activate and respond to the TGF-β that they secrete. These findings support a potential autocrine role for TGF-β1 in osteoclast differentiation. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041600311
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of sulfated glycoconjugates on capacitation and the acrosome reaction of bovine and hamster spermatozoa (1989)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Gamete Research 24 (1989), S. 403-413 
    Details
    ISSN: 0148-7280
    Keywords: heparin ; fertilization ; dextran sulfate ; fucose sulfate glycoconjugate ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The effects of sulfated glycoconjugates on the preparation of mammalian sperm for fertilization were investigated. The three sulfated glycoconjugates tested were heparin, dextran sulfate, and the fucose sulfate glycoconjugate (FSG) from the sea urchin egg jelly coat. In vivo, FSG induces the acrosome reaction in sea urchin sperm. Bovine sperm were found to be capacitated by heparin and FSG as judged both by ability of lysophosphatidylcholine (LC) to induce an acrosome reaction and by ability to fertilize bovine oocytes in vitro. The mechanism by which heparin or FSG capacitated bovine sperm appeared similar, since glucose inhibited capacitation by both glycoconjugates. In contrast to effects on bovine sperm, heparin and FSG induced the acrosome reaction in capacitated hamster sperm. When hamster sperm were incubated under noncapacitating conditions, heparin had no effect on capacitation or the acrosome reaction. Three molecular weights (MW) of dextran sulfate (5,000, 8,000, 500,000) were found to capacitate bovine sperm as judged by the ability of LC to induce an acrosome reaction. Whereas bovine sperm incubated with 5,000 or 8,000 M W dextran sulfate fertilized more bovine oocytes than control sperm (P 〈0.05), sperm treated with 500,000 M W dextran sulfate failed to penetrate oocytes. The high-MW dextran sulfate appeared to interact with the zona pellucida and/or sperm to prevent sperm binding. Results suggest that sulfated glycoconjugates may prepare sperm for fertilization across a wide range of species.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1120240407
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential sensitivity of the cell life cycle (1963)
    Philadelphia : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular and Comparative Physiology 62 (1963), S. 141-156 
    Details
    ISSN: 0095-9898
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1030620413
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation and cultivation of blastocyst-derived stem cell lines from american mink (Mustela vison) (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 33 (1992), S. 418-431 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Embryonic stem cells ; Cell differentiation ; Pluripotency ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Ten embryonic stem (ES) cell lines from mink blastocysts were isolated and characterized. All the lines had a normal diploid karyotype; of the ten lines studied, five had the XX and five had the XY constitution. Testing of the pluripotency of the ES-like cells demonstrated that (1) among four lines of genotype XX, an X was late-replicating in three; both Xs were active in about one-third of cells of line MES8, and analysis of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase revealed no dosage compensation for the X-linked gene; (2) when cultured in suspension, the majority of lines were capable of forming “simple” embryoid bodies (EB), and two only showed the capacity for forming “cystic” multilayer EBs. However, formation of ectoderm or foci of yolk sac hematopoiesis, a feature of mouse ES ceils, was not observed in the “cystic” EB; (3) when cultured as a monolayer without feeder, the ES cells differentiated into either vimentin-positive fibroblast-like cells or cytokeratin-positive epithelial-like cells (less frequently); neural cells appeared in two lines; (4) when injected into athymic mice, only one of the four tested lines gave rise to tumors. These were fibrosarcomas composed of fibrobalst-like cells, with an admixture of smooth muscular elements and stray islets of epithelial tissue; (5) when the ES cells of line MES1 were injected into 102 blastocyst cavities and subsequently transplanted into foster mathers, we obtained 30 offspring. Analysis of the biochemical markers and coat color did not demonstrate the presence of chimaeras among offspring. Thus the cell lines derived from mink blastocysts are true ES cells. However, their pluripotential capacities are restricted. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080330408
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Unusual nuclear structure of the spermatozoon in a marsupial, Sminthopsis crassicaudata (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 37 (1994), S. 78-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Marsupial ; Sperm head ; Chromatin ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The organization of sperm chromatin in the dasyurid marsupial, Sminthopsis crassicaudata, was investigated using various morphological techniques. Transmission electron microscopy indicates two quite distinct chromatin regions became evident late in spermiogenesis with an outer globular region containing blocks of very electron-dense chromatin. Fluorescent light microscopical studies after staining with DNA dyes and 7-amino actinomycin D of testicular, caput, and cauda epididymal spermatozoa showed that this region fluoresced less brightly than the rest of the nucleus, indicating the presence of fewer DNA binding sites. Freeze fracture showed that the chromatin in most of the nucleus had randomly arranged particles of various sizes, but that of the outer region was composed entirely of small particles. This outer region was more resistant to low concentrations of the ionic detergent, SDS, whereas both guanidine hydrochloride and urea together with sodium chloride generally dispersed all the chromatin except that in the outer globular region and in a localized area of the nucleus beneath the acrosome. This study has thus revealed that the outer globular chromatin of these spermatozoa responds differently to ionic detergents and protein denaturing agents and has a different chromatin organization than most of the rest of the nucleus. The significance of these differences remains, however, to be determined. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 23 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080370111
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microscopy in solid state science (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 24 (1993), S. 299-315 
    Details
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Keywords: STEM ; PEELS ; HAADFI ; Nanolithography ; Super-resolution ; STM ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: The Microstructural Physics group at the Cavendish Laboratory is actively involved in a considerable number of research projects which cover a broad range of materials science. In this paper, we describe briefly several such projects, with particular emphasis given to the application of parallel-detection electron energy loss spectroscopy (PEELS) on a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) to the analysis of materials such as stainless steels, catalysts, and high temperature superconductors. In addition, we describe a number of related projects that are currently being carried out in the group, particularly those which utilise and develop novel STEM imaging and analytical techniques. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 19 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1070240404
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential expression of metastasis-associated cell surface glycoproteins and mRNA in a murine large cell lymphoma (1986)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 31 (1986), S. 305-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: tumor metastasis ; gene expression ; oncogenes ; virus antigens ; glycoproteins ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: A metastatic variant cell subline of the Abelson virus-transformed murine large lymphoma/lymphosarcoma RAW 117 has been selected in vivo ten times for liver colonization. Highly metastatic subline RAW117-H10 forms greater than 200 times as many gross surface liver tumor nodules as the parental line RAW117-P. Analysis of cellular proteins and glycoproteins indicates reduced expression of murine Moloney leukemia virus-associated p15, p30, and gp70, and increased expression of a sialoglycoprotein, gp150, in the highly metastatic H10 cells. Northern analyses of oncogene expression suggested that mRNA of various oncogenes was expressed equally or not expressed in the RAW117 cells of differing metastatic potential. Differential gene expression was examined using a cDNA library of 17,600 clones established from poly A+ mRNA isolated from H10 cells. The cDNA library was screened by the colony hybridization technique using probes made from both RAW117-P and -H10 cells. Approximately 99.5% of these cDNA clones were expressed identically in P and H10 cells. Of the few differentially expressed cDNA clones (approx. 150/17,600), one-half of these were identified as Moloney leukemia virus sequences in a separate probing with a radiolabeled Moloney leukemia virus probe. The remainder of the differentially expressed mRNA detected by colony hybridization of the cDNA library were expressed at higher levels (approx. 1/6) or lower levels (approx. 1/3) in the highly metastatic H10 cells.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240310408
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