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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: American Helicopter Society, Journal (ISSN 0002-8711); 38; 2; p. 53-60.
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: A new CFD potential code, FPX (eXtended Full-Potential), has been developed for application to both helicopters and tilt-rotors. The code solves the unsteady, three-dimensional full potential equation and is an extension of the rotor code, FPR. Both entropy and viscosity corrections are included to enhance the physical modeling capabilities. A number of efficiency related modifications have yielded a factor of two speed-up in the code. An axial flow capability has been added to treat tilt-rotor in forward flight (cruise mode). In order to employ streamwise periodicity and accurately solve for the propagation of acoustic signals in the tip region, an H-H topology has been added to the basic O-H grid system. Computations are performed for the XV-15 Standard and ATB blades at high-speed conditions. Comparisons are made for the blade aerodynamics and the induced fuselage cabin pressure for a range of Mach numbers. Grid generation, wake treatment, and far-field wall treatment are identified as problem areas with recommendations for future research.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: In: AHS and Royal Aeronautical Society, Technical Specialists' Meeting on Rotorcraft Acoustics(Fluid Dynamics, Philadelphia, PA, Oct. 15-17, 1991, Proceedings (A93-29401 10-71); 15 p.
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Journal of Aircraft (ISSN 0021-8669); 30; 5; p. 586-593.
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: American Helicopter Society, Journal (ISSN 0002-8711); 38; 2; p. 43-52.
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Experimental studies have been conducted to assess Reynolds and Mach number effects on a supercritical multielement airfoil. The airfoil is representative of the stall-critical station of an advanced transport wing design. The experimental work was conducted as part of a cooperative program between the Douglas Aircraft Company and the NASA Langley Research Center to improve current knowledge of high-lift flows and to develop a validation data base with practical geometries/conditions for emerging computational methods. This article describes results obtained for both landing and takeoff multielement airfoils (four- and three-element configurations) for a variety of Mach/Reynolds number combinations up to flight conditions. Effects on maximum lift are considered for the landing configurations, and effects on both lift and drag are reported for the takeoff geometry. The present test results revealed considerable maximum lift effects on the three-element landing configuration for Reynolds number variations, and significant Mach number effects on the four-element airfoil.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Journal of Aircraft (ISSN 0021-8669); 30; 5; p. 689-694.
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Journal of Propulsion and Power (ISSN 0748-4658); 7; 452-461
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Compressible turbulent flows at low turbulent Mach numbers are considered. Contrary to the general belief that such flows are almost incompressible (i.e., the divergence of the velocity field remains small for all times), it is shown that even if the divergence of the initial velocity field is negligibly small, it can grow rapidly on a nondimensional time scale which is the inverse of the fluctuating Mach number. An asymptotic theory which enables one to obtain a description of the flow in terms of its divergence-free and vorticity-free components has been developed to solve the initial-value problem. As a result, the various types of low Mach number turbulent regimes have been classified with respect to the initial conditions. Formulae are derived that accurately predict the level of compressibility after the initial transients have disappeared. These results are verified by extensive direct numerical simulations of isotropic turbulence.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Theoretical and Computational Fluid Dynamics (ISSN 0935-4964); 2; 2, 19; 73-95
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: A three-dimensional viscous-inviscid interaction analysis was developed to predict the performance of rotors in hover and in forward flight at subsonic and transonic tip speeds. The analysis solves the full-potential and boundary-layer equations by finite-difference numerical procedures. Calculations were made for several different model rotor configurations. The results were compared with predictions from a two-dimensional integral method and with experimental data. The comparisons show good agreement between predictions and test data.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Vertica (ISSN 0360-5450); 14; 3, 19; 417-427
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Experimental studies were conducted to assess Reynolds and Mach number effects on a supercritical multielement airfoil. The airfoil is representative of the stall-critical station of an advanced transport wing design. The experimental work was conducted as part of a cooperative program between the Douglas Aircraft Company and the NASA LaRC to improve current knowledge of high-lift flows and to develop a validation database with practical geometries/conditions for emerging computational methods. This paper describes results obtained for both landing and takeoff multielement airfoils (four and three-element configurations) for a variety of Mach/Reynolds number combinations up to flight conditions. Effects on maximum lift are considered for the landing configurations and effects on both lift and drag are reported for the takeoff geometry. The present test results revealed considerable maximum lift effects on the three-element landing configuration for Reynolds number variations and significant Mach number effects on the four-element airfoil.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: California State Univ., The Fifth Symposium on Numerical and Physical Aspects of Aerodynamic Flows; 13 p
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: The flow over an airfoil at an angle of attack above the static stall angle would ordinarily be massively separated. Under dynamic conditions, the onset of stall can be delayed to an angle, depending on the type of unsteadiness, much higher than that for static stall. The stall onset mechanisms under dynamic conditions are unclear. Due to extreme difficulties involved, experimental investigations, so far, have provided insufficient information about the flow field for the identification of the onset mechanisms. A course of classical boundary layer analysis augmented with numerical experiments and measured data is chosen here instead, with the hope that the identification of onset mechanisms can be more systematic and quantitative.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA. Ames Research Center, Physics of Forced Unsteady Separation; p 149-162
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