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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Direct measurements of the plasma velocity distributions and simultaneous observations of magnetic fields are used to examine the character of field-aligned currents in the earth's magnetotail during the recovery phase of a magnetic substorm. Three contiguous field-aligned current sheets are identified at the interface between the magnetotail lobe and plasma sheet. Average current densities within these three current sheets are, in order of decreasing distance to the plasma sheet, +3.3 x 10 to the -9th, -1.3 x 10 to the -8th, and +1.1 x 10 to the -8th A/sq m, respectively.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 86; Feb. 1
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The value of measured ion-beam velocity distributions as diagnostic tools to characterize the propagation and acceleration of particle beams in the plasma-sheet boundary layer is assessed. Models based on adiabatic deformation of a flowing Maxwellian, acceleration by field-aligned potentials, and current-sheet acceleration are fitted to observational data, and the results are presented in extensive diagrams and graphs. The data are found to be consistent with models involving field-aligned or cross-tail potential drops, but not with models based solely on the adiabatic deformation of initially isotropic distributions.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Magnetospheric measurements of three-dimensional velocity distributions for positive ions and electrons in the energy range from 1 eV to 45 keV are reported which were obtained with quadrispherical Lepedeas on ISEE 1 and 2. The instrumentation is briefly described, and an extension of energy-time spectrograms to three-dimensional summaries via the use of ancillary energy-spin phase spectrograms for multiple analyzers is outlined. Macroscopic plasma parameters for two crossings of the dayside magnetopause are presented, along with a preliminary evaluation of the kinematical motions of low-energy charged particles within the terrestrial ring current. Nonmonotonic electron velocity distributions presumably related to the generation of electron cyclotron harmonic instabilities are examined. The possible signature of diffusion driven by electrostatic waves is considered, and velocity distributions of positive ions in the dawn magnetotail are investigated.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Plasmas on the surface of the plasma sheet at its interface with high-latitude lobes are studied at about 30-40 earth radii (Re) in the tail of the earth's magnetosphere with Lepedea plasma instrumentation on board the earth-orbiting Imp 7 and Imp 8 satellites. Protons at this interface are frequently found to be flowing toward earth with velocities greater than 400 km/s. Proton bulk speeds measured near the plasma sheet surface are typically greater than those at locations deeper within the plasma sheet. Ten of the twenty cases studied exhibit plasma sheet cooling. Typical plasma sheet conditions are observed to prevail deep within the plasma sheet coincident with the earthward streaming at the boundary of the plasma sheet. A three-parameter model is described that explains the velocity distributions measured for the earthward-jetting plasma.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: AD-A079568 , Journal of Geophysical Research; 84; Sept. 1
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.55.Hq ; 52.50.Jm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Recent Ne- and Ni-like X-ray laser experiments carried out at the Centre d'Etudes de Limeil-Valenton (CEL-V) are reviewed. A variety of experiments in Ne-like X-ray lasers were performed; here we discuss measurements of soft X-ray amplification in Ge (Z=32) and Sr (Z=38) plasmas. In Ge plasmas produced by 0.53-μm laser light at an irradiance of 6.0×1013 W/cm2, gains between 2.2–2.5 cm−1 on the 232.2 and 236.2 Å J=2−1 lines and a gain of 1.0 cm−1 on the 196.1 Å J=0−1 line were measured. In addition, gains of 4.4 cm−1 and 4.0 cm−1 have been demonstrated on the J=2−1 transitions at 164.1 and 166.5 Å in Nelike Sr at laser intensities of 1.3×1014 W/cm2. The effects of pumping the Ne-like Se X-ray laser with 0.35-μm laser light have also been investigated; the Se lasing spectra is similar to that obtained with 0.53-μm light. Experiments have also been carried out to optimize the gain of the 50.3 Å Ni-like Yb (Z=70) J=0−1 line. For Yb, no significant increase in gain over that previously reported was seen, but the time history of the Ni-like Yb X-ray laser was measured for the first time. Finally, attempts to extrapolate the Ni-like results to shorter wavelength were made using Ta (Z=73), W (Z=74), and Re (Z=75). No definitive observation of the Ni-like J=0−1 lasing lines was made in these experiments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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