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  • Articles  (2)
  • 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous  (1)
  • Best von Kryptanden, Kryptaten  (1)
  • Elsevier  (1)
  • Springer  (1)
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2021-06-16
    Description: Assessing the residence times of phonolite magmas in the shallow crust contributes to the understanding of explosive volcanic systems. Estimations of that by dating the residence time of a mineral in a melt was difficult in the past, because e.g. of the lack of evidence for the co-genetic character of the crystals dated. Here we present an estimate for the residence time of a phonolite magma feeding the Pomici di Mercato Plinian eruption (8890±90 cal years BP) of Mt. Somma-Vesuvius (Southern Italy), employing U–Th disequilibrium dating of unzoned Ca-rich phenocrystic magmatic garnets. Based on combined textural, geochemical, and Sr- O isotope evidence, these garnets can be identified as co-genetic with their host phonolites. Furthermore, experimental and petrological data suggest that Ca-garnets can be a liquidus phase in highly differentiated phonolite magmas of Mercato. A whole-rock–glass–garnet U–Th isochron gives a crystallisation age for the Ca-rich garnets of 14,400±1100 a (2σ). This implies a Ca-garnet residence time of 5510±1100 years (2σ) in the Mercato phonolite melt prior to eruption and provides one of the first robust estimates of how long explosive phonolite magma has resided in the shallow crust before eruption. Calculations of magma cooling rates and settling velocities of the Ca-garnets confirm that garnet-bearing phonolite can remain liquid and the garnets remain suspended in a magma chamber for as long as 5510 years before the time of eruption. Processes which may have disturbed the U–Th isotope systematic of the samples, such as assimilation, recharge or surface alteration can be ruled out.
    Description: Published
    Description: 293-301
    Description: 2.3. TTC - Laboratori di chimica e fisica delle rocce
    Description: 3.5. Geologia e storia dei sistemi vulcanici
    Description: 3.6. Fisica del vulcanismo
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Uranium ; Thorium ; U–Th isotopes ; Somma-Vesuvius ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 298 (1979), S. 358-362 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best von Kryptanden, Kryptaten ; Volumetrie ; HCl, Metall-Standardlösung, Standardzugabeverfahren
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Using bromocresol green as a visual endpoint indicator solutions of the cryptands [2.2.1] and [2.2.2] can be determined by titration with HCl in the concentration range of 10−1–10−3 M with relative standard deviations of 0.2–0.4 %. If both cryptand and cryptate are present in one solution, then the sum of them can be determined titrimetrically in the same way. It is also possible to determine the contents of [2.2.1] and [2.2.2] by using a calcium or barium standard solution and the unknown cryptand solution as a titrant. By evaluation of the pH-curve thus obtained, the endpoint of the titration can be determined. In the concentration range of 10−1–10−2 M relative standard deviations of about 0.5% are obtained. [2.2.1] cryptand solutions are determined by using the standard addition technique of Gran with a calcium chloride solution. An ion-selective electrode is used as a probe for calcium ions. If this method is applied, the relative standard deviation in the range of 10−2–10−4 M solutions is approximately 3%. With this technique cryptand can be analysed even when cryptate is present in the solution.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei Verwendung von Bromkresolgrün als visueller Endpunktindicator kann man [2.2.1] und [2.2.2] Kryptandlösungen im Konzentrationsbereich 10−1–10−3 M mit relativen Standardabweichungen von 0,2–0,4% mit HCl titrieren. Wenn in einer Lösung sowohl Kryptand als auch Kryptat vorhanden ist, ist die Summe beider Substanzen auf die gleiche Weise bestimmbar. [2.2.1] und [2.2.2] können auch dadurch bestimmt werden, daß eine Calciumbzw. Barium-Standardlösung mit der Kryptandlösung unbekannter Konzentration titriert wird. Die Auswertung der dabei erhaltenen pH-Kurve ergibt den Titrationsendpunkt, wobei hierdurch im Konzentrationsbereich von 10−1–10−2 M Kryptandlösungen relative Standardabweichungen von etwa 0,5% erreicht werden. [2.2.1] Kryptandlösungen werden außerdem mit der Standard-Additionstechnik nach Gran bestimmt, wobei eine calciumselektive Elektrode als Indicatorelektrode dient. Dabei werden im Konzentrationsbereich von 10−2–10−4 M relative Standardabweichungen von etwa 3 % erhalten. Diese Methode kann auch überschüssigen Kryptand neben Kryptat bestimmen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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