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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Chemie des Kanemits [NaHSi2O5 · 3 H2O]x (1995)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 621 (1995), S. 1779-1784 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Protonated sodium layer silicate hydrate ; 29Si-, 23Na- and 1H-MAS-NMR ; dehydration ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On the Chemistry of Kanemite [NaHSi2O5 · 3 H2O]xStarting from δ-Na2Si2O5 Kanemit was prepared by a direct exchange of Na+ by H+ in water containing reaction mixtures. By 29Si-, 23Na- and 1H-MAS-NMR investigations Kanemit was characterized as a layersilicate [NaHSi2O5 · 3 H2O]. By thermal treatment as well as by dehydration at room temperature under vacuum conditions a monohydrate is formed in which the layerstructure remains nearly unchanged. At temperatures between 100 and 110°C under normal conditions a hydrate phase of the composition [NaHSi2O5 · 0.25 H2O]x is prepared in which a changed silicate-layerstructure exists.
    Notes: Kanemit wurde aus δ-Na2Si2O5 durch einen direkten Austausch von Na+ gegen H+ in wasserhaltigem Reaktionsmedium hergestellt. Mit Hilfe von 29Si-, 23Na- und 1H-MAS-NMR-Untersuchungen wurde nachgewiesen, daß der Kanemit ein Schichtsilicat der Zusammensetzung [NaHSi2O5 · 3 H2O]x ist. Bei der thermischen, wie auch bei der Entwässerung im Vakuum bei Raumtemperatur entsteht ein Monohydrat, in dem die Schichtstruktur weitgehend erhalten bleibt. Bei Temperaturen zwischen 100 und 110°C läßt sich auch eine Hydratphase der Zusammensetzung [NaHSi2O5 · 0,25 H2O]x nachweisen, in der aber eine veränderte Schichtsilicatstruktur vorliegt.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19956211029
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
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    Nicotine activation of alpha4* receptors: sufficient for reward, tolerance, and sensitization (2004)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-11-06
    Description: The identity of nicotinic receptor subtypes sufficient to elicit both the acute and chronic effects of nicotine dependence is unknown. We engineered mutant mice with a4 nicotinic subunits containing a single point mutation, Leu9' --〉 Ala9' in the pore-forming M2 domain, rendering a4* receptors hypersensitive to nicotine. Selective activation of a4* nicotinic acetylcholine receptors with low doses of agonist recapitulates nicotine effects thought to be important in dependence, including reinforcement in response to acute nicotine administration, as well as tolerance and sensitization elicited by chronic nicotine administration. These data indicate that activation of a4* receptors is sufficient for nicotine-induced reward, tolerance, and sensitization.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tapper, Andrew R -- McKinney, Sheri L -- Nashmi, Raad -- Schwarz, Johannes -- Deshpande, Purnima -- Labarca, Cesar -- Whiteaker, Paul -- Marks, Michael J -- Collins, Allan C -- Lester, Henry A -- DA-15663/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- DA-3194/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- MH-49716/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- NS-11756/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Nov 5;306(5698):1029-32.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15528443" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alkaloids/metabolism ; Animals ; Azocines/metabolism ; Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic/metabolism ; Brain/drug effects/metabolism ; Calcium/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; *Drug Tolerance ; Leucine ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Motor Activity/drug effects ; Neurons/metabolism ; Nicotine/*pharmacology ; Point Mutation ; Pyridines/metabolism ; Quinolizines/metabolism ; Receptors, Nicotinic/genetics/*physiology ; *Reward ; Serine ; Tobacco Use Disorder/*metabolism ; Up-Regulation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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