Publication Date:
2012-09-08
Description:
Eukaryotic cells make many types of primary and processed RNAs that are found either in specific subcellular compartments or throughout the cells. A complete catalogue of these RNAs is not yet available and their characteristic subcellular localizations are also poorly understood. Because RNA represents the direct output of the genetic information encoded by genomes and a significant proportion of a cell's regulatory capabilities are focused on its synthesis, processing, transport, modification and translation, the generation of such a catalogue is crucial for understanding genome function. Here we report evidence that three-quarters of the human genome is capable of being transcribed, as well as observations about the range and levels of expression, localization, processing fates, regulatory regions and modifications of almost all currently annotated and thousands of previously unannotated RNAs. These observations, taken together, prompt a redefinition of the concept of a gene.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3684276/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉 〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3684276/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Djebali, Sarah -- Davis, Carrie A -- Merkel, Angelika -- Dobin, Alex -- Lassmann, Timo -- Mortazavi, Ali -- Tanzer, Andrea -- Lagarde, Julien -- Lin, Wei -- Schlesinger, Felix -- Xue, Chenghai -- Marinov, Georgi K -- Khatun, Jainab -- Williams, Brian A -- Zaleski, Chris -- Rozowsky, Joel -- Roder, Maik -- Kokocinski, Felix -- Abdelhamid, Rehab F -- Alioto, Tyler -- Antoshechkin, Igor -- Baer, Michael T -- Bar, Nadav S -- Batut, Philippe -- Bell, Kimberly -- Bell, Ian -- Chakrabortty, Sudipto -- Chen, Xian -- Chrast, Jacqueline -- Curado, Joao -- Derrien, Thomas -- Drenkow, Jorg -- Dumais, Erica -- Dumais, Jacqueline -- Duttagupta, Radha -- Falconnet, Emilie -- Fastuca, Meagan -- Fejes-Toth, Kata -- Ferreira, Pedro -- Foissac, Sylvain -- Fullwood, Melissa J -- Gao, Hui -- Gonzalez, David -- Gordon, Assaf -- Gunawardena, Harsha -- Howald, Cedric -- Jha, Sonali -- Johnson, Rory -- Kapranov, Philipp -- King, Brandon -- Kingswood, Colin -- Luo, Oscar J -- Park, Eddie -- Persaud, Kimberly -- Preall, Jonathan B -- Ribeca, Paolo -- Risk, Brian -- Robyr, Daniel -- Sammeth, Michael -- Schaffer, Lorian -- See, Lei-Hoon -- Shahab, Atif -- Skancke, Jorgen -- Suzuki, Ana Maria -- Takahashi, Hazuki -- Tilgner, Hagen -- Trout, Diane -- Walters, Nathalie -- Wang, Huaien -- Wrobel, John -- Yu, Yanbao -- Ruan, Xiaoan -- Hayashizaki, Yoshihide -- Harrow, Jennifer -- Gerstein, Mark -- Hubbard, Tim -- Reymond, Alexandre -- Antonarakis, Stylianos E -- Hannon, Gregory -- Giddings, Morgan C -- Ruan, Yijun -- Wold, Barbara -- Carninci, Piero -- Guigo, Roderic -- Gingeras, Thomas R -- 062023/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 1RC2HG005591/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- 249968/European Research Council/International -- P30 CA045508/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG003700/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01HG003700/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R37 GM062534/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- RC2 HG005591/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U01 HG003147/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG004555/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG004557/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG004558/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG004576/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG007004/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54HG004555/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54HG004557/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54HG004558/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54HG004576/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2012 Sep 6;489(7414):101-8. doi: 10.1038/nature11233.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Centre for Genomic Regulation and UPF, Doctor Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Catalonia, Spain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22955620" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
Keywords:
Alleles
;
Cell Line
;
DNA/*genetics
;
DNA, Intergenic/genetics
;
*Encyclopedias as Topic
;
Enhancer Elements, Genetic
;
Exons/genetics
;
Gene Expression Profiling
;
Genes/genetics
;
Genome, Human/*genetics
;
Genomics
;
Humans
;
*Molecular Sequence Annotation
;
Polyadenylation/genetics
;
Protein Isoforms/genetics
;
RNA/biosynthesis/genetics
;
RNA Editing/genetics
;
RNA Splicing/genetics
;
Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid/*genetics
;
Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid/genetics
;
Sequence Analysis, RNA
;
Transcription, Genetic/*genetics
;
Transcriptome/*genetics
Print ISSN:
0028-0836
Electronic ISSN:
1476-4687
Topics:
Biology
,
Chemistry and Pharmacology
,
Medicine
,
Natural Sciences in General
,
Physics
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