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    Chd1 regulates open chromatin and pluripotency of embryonic stem cells (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-07-10
    Description: An open chromatin largely devoid of heterochromatin is a hallmark of stem cells. It remains unknown whether an open chromatin is necessary for the differentiation potential of stem cells, and which molecules are needed to maintain open chromatin. Here we show that the chromatin remodelling factor Chd1 is required to maintain the open chromatin of pluripotent mouse embryonic stem cells. Chd1 is a euchromatin protein that associates with the promoters of active genes, and downregulation of Chd1 leads to accumulation of heterochromatin. Chd1-deficient embryonic stem cells are no longer pluripotent, because they are incapable of giving rise to primitive endoderm and have a high propensity for neural differentiation. Furthermore, Chd1 is required for efficient reprogramming of fibroblasts to the pluripotent stem cell state. Our results indicate that Chd1 is essential for open chromatin and pluripotency of embryonic stem cells, and for somatic cell reprogramming to the pluripotent state.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3891576/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3891576/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gaspar-Maia, Alexandre -- Alajem, Adi -- Polesso, Fanny -- Sridharan, Rupa -- Mason, Mike J -- Heidersbach, Amy -- Ramalho-Santos, Joao -- McManus, Michael T -- Plath, Kathrin -- Meshorer, Eran -- Ramalho-Santos, Miguel -- DP2 OD004698/OD/NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM080783/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM080783-01/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM080783-02/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM080783-03/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM080783-04/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM080783-05/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Aug 13;460(7257):863-8. doi: 10.1038/nature08212. Epub 2009 Jul 8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Ob/Gyn and Pathology, Center for Reproductive Sciences and Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, California 94143-0525, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19587682" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biomarkers ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Cellular Reprogramming ; *Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly ; DNA-Binding Proteins/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Embryonic Stem Cells/*cytology/*metabolism ; Endoderm/metabolism ; Euchromatin/genetics/*metabolism ; Fibroblasts/cytology/metabolism ; GATA6 Transcription Factor/genetics/metabolism ; Histones/metabolism ; Methylation ; Mice ; Neurogenesis ; Neurons/cytology/metabolism ; Octamer Transcription Factor-3/genetics ; Pluripotent Stem Cells/*cytology/*metabolism ; Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics ; RNA Interference
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 2
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    TAZ, a transcriptional modulator of mesenchymal stem cell differentiation (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-08-16
    Description: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a pluripotent cell type that can differentiate into several distinct lineages. Two key transcription factors, Runx2 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma), drive MSCs to differentiate into either osteoblasts or adipocytes, respectively. How these two transcription factors are regulated in order to specify these alternate cell fates remains a pivotal question. Here we report that a 14-3-3-binding protein, TAZ (transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif), coactivates Runx2-dependent gene transcription while repressing PPARgamma-dependent gene transcription. By modulating TAZ expression in model cell lines, mouse embryonic fibroblasts, and primary MSCs in culture and in zebrafish in vivo, we observed alterations in osteogenic versus adipogenic potential. These results indicate that TAZ functions as a molecular rheostat that modulates MSC differentiation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hong, Jeong-Ho -- Hwang, Eun Sook -- McManus, Michael T -- Amsterdam, Adam -- Tian, Yu -- Kalmukova, Ralitsa -- Mueller, Elisabetta -- Benjamin, Thomas -- Spiegelman, Bruce M -- Sharp, Phillip A -- Hopkins, Nancy -- Yaffe, Michael B -- CA042063/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM60594/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM68762/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Aug 12;309(5737):1074-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Cancer Research, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, E18-580, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16099986" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adipocytes/*cytology ; Animals ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins/pharmacology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Line ; Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Humans ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/*cytology/physiology ; Mice ; Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism ; Oligonucleotides, Antisense ; Osteoblasts/*cytology ; Osteocalcin/genetics ; Osteogenesis ; PPAR gamma/metabolism ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*physiology ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Transcription Factors/chemistry/genetics/metabolism/*physiology ; Transcriptional Activation ; Transfection ; Transforming Growth Factor beta/pharmacology ; Zebrafish ; Zebrafish Proteins/genetics/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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