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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Highly Substituted Anthraquinones by Anionic Cyclization Reactions (1996)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 338 (1996), S. 349-354 
    Details
    ISSN: 0941-1216
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Highly substituted anthraquinone esters (3a/b, 6, 20) and acids (12, 21) are synthesized by base induced anionic cyclizations starting from bisalkylated naphthalenes (e.g. 10) or monoalkylated naphthoquinones (e.g. 19).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19963380168
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über das Reaktionsvermögen der festen Thiosulfate mit Jod (1931)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 197 (1931), S. 167-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 0863-1786
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19311970115
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrical conductivity changes of polymers with conjugated double bonds induced by exposure to vapors and gases (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 208 (1993), S. 151-165 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Einwirkung von oxidierenden oder reduzierenden Gasen oder Dämpfen auf Polyacetylen, Polypyrrol, Poly(phenylacetylen) und Poly-p-phenylen führt zu Änderungen der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit. Dieser Effekt wird an Hand eines Drei-Stufen-Modells erklärt. Als erste Stufe wird die Adsorption an der Polymeroberfläche angenommen. Die zweite Stufe besteht in der Diffusion der Adsorbatmoleküle in das Innere des Polymeren, während die dritte Stufe durch eine irreversible Reaktion zwischen Adsorbatmolekülen und Polymerem gegeben ist. Diese drei Reaktionstufen sind manchmal zeitlich voneinander abgegrenzt. Während der Adsorptionsstufe ist die elektrische Leitfähigkeitsänderung reversibel, wenn durch Abpumpen das Gas oder der Dampf wieder entfernt werden.
    Notes: Exposure of polyacetylene, polypyrrole, poly(phenylacetylene), and poly-p-phenylene to oxidizing or reducing gases and vapors leads to changes of their electrical conductivity which can be explained by a three step model involving as a first step adsorption at the surface, as a second step diffusion into the bulk of the material and as a third step irreversible chemical changes due to reaction between the dopant and the polymer chain. These three regimes are sometimes well separated in time. During the adsorption regime, the conductivity change is reversible with respect to removal of the vapor atmosphere by evacuation.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1993.052080114
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrical conductivity of the charge-transfer complexes of polypyrrole (1986)
    Basel : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie, Rapid Communications 7 (1986), S. 533-539 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-2803
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/marc.1986.030070806
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simultaneous determination of organotin, organolead, and organomercury compounds in environmental samples using capillary gas chromatography with atomic emission detection (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 17 (1994), S. 527-536 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Capillary gas chromatography ; Atomic emission detector ; Organotin compounds ; Organolead compounds ; Organomercury compounds ; Grignard derivatization ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: As part of a continuing evaluation of new analytical and sample preparation techniques conducted by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the use of capillary gas chromatography with atomic emission detection (GC-AED) for the simultaneous determination of organotin, organolead, and organomercury compounds in environmental samples was investigated. Pentylmagnesium bromide was used to pentylate ionic organotin, organolead, and organomercury compounds; the pentyl derivatives were then separated by GC and determined by AED. Several important GC-AED parameters, including the type of injector inlet, carrier gas flow rate, and helium make-up gas flow rate, were optimized for the simultaneous determination of these organometallic compounds. Their minimum detectable concentrations were approximately 1.0 to 2.5 ng/mL using a 0.5-μL on-column injection. The calibration curves exhibited good linearity between 2.5 and 2500 ng/mL for organotin and organolead compounds, and between 2.5 and 10000 ng/mL for organomercury compounds.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240170705
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of a high-resolution gas chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry method for the determination of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in soil and water (1988)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 17 (1988), S. 27-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An analytical protocol for the determination of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD) and total TCDDs in soil, sediment, and aqueous samples using high-resolution gas chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC/HRMS) was evaluated through replicate analyses of fortified and unspiked soil and aqueous samples. The results of these analyses demonstrated that the method is useful for the determination of 2,3,7,8-TCDD and total TCDDs at concentrations ranging from 10 to 200 pg/g (ppt) in soil samples and from 100 to 2000 pg/l (ppq) in aqueous samples. Absolute recoveries of the method internal standard, (13C12-2,3,7,8-TCDD, ranged from 24 to 88%. Lower levels of detection can be achieved through a slight modification of the method with respect to initial sample size and/or final extract volume. Instrumental parameters that affect data quality, specifically HRGC column performance, mass resolution and mass measurement acuracy are presented.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200170108
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of classes of compounds of environmental concern: III. Organochlorine pesticides (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 15 (1992), S. 319-328 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Organochlorine pesticides ; Fused silica open tubular column ; Dual-column, dual-detector gas chromatographic system ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Forty five organochlorine pesticides (currently listed in EPA Method 8081A) have been chromatographed on DB-5/DB-1701 and SPB-5/SPB-1701 column pairs which were in each case connected to an inlet splitter and separate electron capture detectors. Thirteen additional compounds were evaluated for their suitability as internal standards or surrogate compounds for incorporation into Method 8081A. Method reproducibility and linearity are discussed, and results are presented for extracts of six real samples spiked with fifteen organochlorine pesticides and analyzed using the dual-column, dual-detector arrangement.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240150510
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of organotin compounds in environmental samples by supercritical fluid extraction and gas chromatography with atomic emission detection (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 16 (1993), S. 106-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Capillary GC ; Atomic emission detector ; Supercritical fluid extraction ; Organotin compounds ; Complexation ; Grignard derivatization ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The extraction of six tetraalkyltin and seven ionic organotin compounds from spiked topsoil samples with supercritical carbon dioxide and carbon dioxide modified with 5 percent methanol was investigated. Analysis of the soil extracts was performed by gas chromatography with atomic emission detection. Retention times, minimum detectable concentrations, and detector linear ranges are included for nine organotin compounds (seven of the nine compounds were derivatized with n-pentylmagnesium bromide prior to gas chromatographic analysis). A 23 factorial experimental design was used to study the effect of three variables (pressure, temperature, and extraction time) on compound recovery. The results indicate that the tetraalkyltin compounds are extracted from topsoil samples with recoveries ranging from 90 to 110 percent. Recoveries for the ionic organotin compounds ranged from 50 to 75 percent for trimethyltin chloride, triethyltin bromide, and tributyltin iodide; they were below 20 percent for dimethyltin dichloride, dibutyltin dichloride, diphenyltin dichloride, and butyltin trichloride. When sodium diethyldithiocarbamate was added to the soil samples prior to extraction, followed by extraction with carbon dioxide modified with 5 percent methanol, recoveries ranged from 70 to 90 percent for trimethyltin chloride, triethyltin bromide, dimethyltin dichloride, tributyltin iodide, and dibutyltin dichloride; recoveries were approximately 40 percent for butyltin trichloride and diphenyltin dichloride.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240160208
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of compounds of environmental concern: II. Diphenyl ethers (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 15 (1992), S. 160-164 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Halogenated diphenyl ethers ; Nitrated diphenyl ethers ; Fused silica open tubular column ; Dual-column dual-detector GC ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Nineteen halogenated and/or nitrated diphenyl ethers (currently listed in EPA Method 8111) have been separated on a DB-5/ DB-1701 column pair connected to an inlet splitter and separate electron capture detectors. Retention times are included for 10 additional compounds evaluated for their suitability as internal standards or surrogate compounds for incorporation into Method 8111. Method reproducibility and linearity are discussed, and results are presented for extracts of two real samples spiked with the 19 diphenyl ethers and analyzed using the dual-column dual-detector arrangement.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240150305
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On-line determination of organochlorine pesticides in water by solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography with electron capture detection (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 19 (1996), S. 247-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography with electron capture detection ; Solid phase microextraction ; Organochlorine pesticides ; Water analysis ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: This paper describes the extraction of 20 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) from water samples using solid-phase microextraction (SPME). Three fused-silica fibers coated or bonded with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) of different film thicknesses (20-, 30-, and 100-μm) were evaluated. The extraction time, the effects of stirring and addition of NaCl to the aqueous sample, the linear range and the precision of this technique, and the effect of carryover were examined for 20 analytes and are presented here. A comparison with results using conventional liquid-liquid extraction demonstrate that the SPME technique is well suited as a fast screening technique for OCPs in water samples.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240190503
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