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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 240 (1939), S. 217-231 
    ISSN: 0863-1786
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Untersuchung verschiedener physikalischer Eigenschaften von wäßrigen Jodsäurelösungen wird im einzelnen beschrieben. Durch Anwendung der Mischungsgleichung zur Eliminierung des Lösungsmitteleinflusses werden Kurven über die Abhängigkeit der untersuchten physikalischen Eigenschaft von der Konzentration der Lösung erhalten, die bei 0,1 n und 0,04 n Knicke bzw. Unstetigkeiten aufweisen. Alle Kurven ergeben praktisch das gleiche Bild. Diese Unstetigkeiten werden in der Weise gedeutet, daß bei den genannten Konzentrationen eine Depolymerisation von (HJO3)3 unter Bildung einfacher Moleküle eintritt, wahrscheinlich der Übergang (HJO3)3 → (HJO3)2 → (HJO3). Eine Prüfung der Ramanspektren bestätigte diesen Befund.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 7 (1987), S. 911-917 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Finite Difference ; Square Driven Cavity ; Conjugate Gradient Method ; BID Method ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A first biharmonic boundary value problem is obtained by combining the coupled steady-state Navier-Stokes equations in their stream-function-vorticity formulation. This biharmonic boundary value problem is solved by a fast biharmonic solver developed by the authors wherein the idea of preconditioned conjugate gradient method is used. The biharmonic driver (BID) method using this solver has been found fast converging, and produces accurate results up to moderately large Reynolds numbers. Also, the mesh size does not affect the convergence rate.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Brookfield, Conn. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Composites 10 (1989), S. 8-15 
    ISSN: 0272-8397
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The reduction in fiber length during extrusion and injection molding of two commercial glass fiber-reinforced polypropylene products containing 30 percent by weight of glass fibers was studied. The first product had very small fibers of average length around 0.5 mm and also contained a coupling agent. The second product contained relatively longer glass fibers of 9 mm length and no coupling agent. In both cases, fiber attrition occurs predominantly at the solid-melt interface in the meiting zone of the extruder. However, in the short fiber granules, the maximum of the length distribution, which for the initial sample is around 0.5 mm, moved to shorter fiber lengths along the screw channels further from the hopper. In the long fiber granules, a bimodal length distribution was obtained in the intermediate channels; the first maximum was around the original length of 9 mm and the second centered around 0.5 mm. Thus, the forces at the solid-melt interface result in fiber breakage to lengths which are predominantly around 0.5 mm. The fiber attrition was observed to be more severe in injection molding apparently because of higher shear rates and also because the fibers had to pass through narrow channels. The measured distributions of fiber length along the screw channels for the two products are presented, and the possible mechanisms of fiber breakage are discussed. The mechanical properties of samples containing different fiber length distributions and the effects of fiber length and interfacial adhesion on properties are presented and discussed in Part II.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0272-8397
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Two commercial grades of glass fiber-reinforced polypropylene granules, one containing short fibers of average length around 0.5 mm with a coupling agent and the other containing relatively much longer fibers mostly around 9 mm, but no coupling agent, were injection-molded into dumbbells and tested in tension between -43 and 90°C. There is considerable fiber attrition during injection molding; the fiber lengths are reduced to average values of 0.4 to 0.8 mm for thses two samples. Also during injection molding of the test sample, partial molecular alignment of the matrix (polypropylene) occurs which supplements the reinforcement of the matrix due to the aligned glass fibers (30 percent by weight) present in the composite sample. The stiffness and strength of these samples do not reflect the effects of fiber lengths since most of the fibers are of very small length in the molded specimen and also since the sample with longer fibers has a non-uniform distribution of fibers. While the interfacial shear strength does not appear to play a significant role in determining stiffness, it turns out to be extremely important in controlling strength, particularly at the higher test temperatures. The room temperature impact strength is high for the sample containing relatively longer fibers of average length around 0.8 mm in which fiber dispersion is non-uniform and fiber agglomerates are present. Acoustic emission data shows that debonding and fiber pull-out are the main contributors to sample toughness; this observation is supported by scanning electron micrographs of the fracture surfaces.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 41 (1990), S. 2783-2811 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Viscose rayon, like many other cellulosic materials, has a thermal decomposition reaction. The rate of change of weight loss of this material is very high at a narrow range of temperatures. When viscose rayon is impregnated with inorganic additives, there is a shift in the temperature of maximum rate of weight loss (Tmax) towards the lower side of the temperature. This effect, due to the addition of ammonium chloride, calcium chloride, and a mixture of calcium chloride and ammonium chloride, was studied in the temperature range 200-400°C through thermogravimetry and the changes observed in the values of activation energy, order of reaction, and char yield are presented in this paper.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 30 (1985), S. 1707-1715 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The effect of 60CO gamma radiation on polypropylene and glass-fiber-reinforced polypropylene was investigated. The glass fiber content in the reinforced polypropylene was observed to influence the mechanical properties of the original polypropylene. The initial modulus and off-set yield strength (at 0.25% strain) increased with the dose and glass fiber content. The tensile strength showed an initial decrease with the increase in glass fiber content followed by an increasing trend. A similar behavior was found with increasing dosage. The extent of fiber breakage during processing was higher at higher glass fiber content. However, the fiber length distribution became narrower beyond 2.45% glass fiber content in the polypropylene.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 14 (1979), S. 1165-1182 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper describes a numerical procedure for the solution of metalworking problems of a strain-hardening material. The overall metalworking process is split up into a number of stages and the governing equations for a typical stage are set up in terms of incremental displacements. The incremental deformation occurring in each successive stage is found by an interative numerical procedure based on the concept of piecewise linearization. The ‘composite’ solution yields the distribution of stress and strain in the work material at various stages of the process. Finally, application of the method to finite axisymmetric compression is described.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 34 (1996), S. 1049-1058 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) ; differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) ; scanning electron microscopy (SEM) ; nonlinear optical (NLO) properties ; second harmonic generation (SHG) ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We report the synthesis and characterization of interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) exhibiting nonlinear optical (NLO) properties. The network consists of aliphatic polycarbonate urethane (PCU) and poly(methyl methacrylate-co-N,N-disubstituted urea), with a nonlinear optical (NLO) chromophore incorporated into N,N-disubstituted urea. The full IPNs have only one Tg, as determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), together with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations, suggest a single phase morphology. The thin films of IPNs are transparent and the unpoled samples produced second harmonic generation (SHG) signals at room temperature. This result indicates that the NLO chromophore is oriented noncentrosymmetrically during the IPN formation process and is tightly held between the permanent entanglements of the two component networks of the IPN. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The stoichiometry of the reaction of TIIII with ascorbic acid (H2A) in the presence and absence of chloride ion conforms to TIIII + H2A 〉 TII + 2H+ + A. where A is dehydroascorbic acid. The reaction exhibits complex kinetics and the reactivity of various chlorothallium (III) species decreases in the order of [TIOH]2+ 〉 TI3+ 〉 [TICI]2+ 〉 [TICI2]+ 〉 TICI3 〉 [TICI4]-. The mass balance relationship was employed to calculate the equilibrium concentration of the chloride ion for evaluation of the rate constants.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 7 (1994), S. 117-121 
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The kinetics of oxidation of metol (N-methyl-p-aminophenol) by thallium(III) have been studied in a perchloric acid medium. This organic compound is employed extensively in photographic work. The stoichiometry of the reaction is represented by: C6H4(OH)NHCH3 + TIIII → C6H4(O)NCH3 + TII + 2H+The kinetics indicate the rate law: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$k' = \frac{{Kk\left[{metal} \right]}}{{1 + K\left[{metal} \right]}}$$\end{document} where k′ is the pseudo-first-order rate constant. The rate constants and thermodynamic parameters for the rate-limiting step have been evaluated.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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