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  • Wiley-Blackwell  (284)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Peak nucleate boiling fluxes for liquid oxygen near 1 atm, have been measured on a 0.75-in.-diameter flat polished horizontal platinum surface located in a known, variable magnetic-field gradient that produced steady acceleration (which could be maintained indefinitely) on the oxygen acting in opposition to the earth's gravitation, gE. Measurements were made under condition ranging from net negative (directed away from the heated surface) accelerations of -0.03gE acting on the bulk liquid to the normal accelerations, 1.0gE. The results indicate that at zero g conditions for the bulk liquid, the peak nucleate boiling flux is ∼0.55 of the value at 1.0gE. For bulk-liquid accelerations ranging from ∼0.25 to 1gE, the experimental results confirm the ¼ power dependence of peak flux on acceleration as predicted by various correlations. However, below 0.25gE the peak flux becomes insensitive to the acceleration, varying approximately in proportion to the 1/14 power of the net acceleration. At bulk-liquid conditions of zero g (±0.005gE) the peak plux breaks sharply and falls by a factor of 10 between zero g and -0.03gE (for this apparatus).
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 691-698 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An analysis of the bulk polymerization of styrene by azobisisobutyronitrile in a tubular reactor was made. Rigorous models were developed and verified. A diffusion model gave predictions of molecular weights and conversions that were 2% higher on the average than the experimental values. Another model, a plug flow contraction of the diffusion model, predicted molecular weights and conversions that were 6% higher on the average than the experimental values.The diffusion model showed that optimal conversions could be obtained by proper reactor operation. Tentative studies for optimal conversion with minimal molecular weight dispersion indicated the reactor should be operated at a wall temperature 5° to 10°C below that required for optimal conversion.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 686-691 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An experimental analysis of the bulk polymerization of styrene initiated by azobisisobutyronitrile was carried out in a tubular reactor.The experiments performed in a 2.362-cm I.D., 6-meter long jacketed reactor showed that: (1) it was feasible for a tubular reactor to produce acceptable quality polystyrene for industrial purposes; (2) the quality of the polymer product was reproducible at any time; (3) it was technically feasible for the tubular reactor to replace the stirred-batch kettles as the preliminary stage in the polystyrene manufacturing process, and (4) radial temperature gradients were not a problem for reactor operation.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0941-1216
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Sensitized Photolysis of Bis(dimethylglyoximato)cobalt(III) Complexes with Axially Coordinated Azide or Thiophenolate as Photochemical Sacrificial LigandsThe photolysis of [N3Co(dmg)2pyr] 1a and [PhSCo(dmg)2pyr] 1b (dmg = dimethylglyoxime, pyr = pyridine) is sensitized by both [Ru(bpy)3]Cl2 2 (bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine) and Michler's thioketone 3 (4,4′-bis(dimethyl-amino)-thiobenzophenone). Quenching of 2 by the cobalt(III) chelates 1a and 1b was studied by luminescence spectroscopy. The quenching rate constants calculated are in the order of magnitude of kq ≅ 106 mol-1 s-1. Polychromatic irradiation (〉 250 nm) of 1b and 3 in the presence of thiophenole (PhSH) leads to hydrogen evolution, whereas long-wavelength (546 nm) irradiation does not. The results of these sensitization experiments support strongly a mechanism of catalyzed photolysis of PhSH as proposed earlier.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 6 (1955), S. 523-527 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Cathodic ProtectionThe most important field of application of the cathodic protection is the protection of buried pipe lines. Good protection will be achieved if the potential of the pipe against its surrounding material is -0,85 V  -  measured by means of a Cu/CuSO4 electrode. Soils of low specific resistance of about 1000 ω/cm are very aggressive while those of more than 10 000 ω/cm are fairly incorrosive. The arrangement of graphite anodes with extern sources of electricity and of Mg- or Zn anodes is discussed. The pipes should be insulated with impregnated strips as under these conditions only low current densities are necessary to achieve a good protection.
    Notes: Das wichtigste Anwendungsgebiet des kathodischen Korrosionsschutzes ist der Schutz von Rohrleitungen im Erdboden. Ein guter Schutz wird erreicht, wenn das Potential des Rohres gegenüber der Umgebung  -  gemessen mit Cu/CuSO4-Elektrode  -  einen Wert von -0,85 V erreicht. Böden mit geringem Widerstand von etwa 1000 ω/cm greifen stark an, bei mehr als 10 000 ω/cm ist kein Angriff zu befürchten. Die Anordnung von Graphitanoden mit äußeren Stromquellen und von Mg- oder Zn-Anoden (Opferanoden) wird besprochen. Außerdem sollte stets für eine gute Isolierung der Rohre mit imprägnierten Streifen gesorgt werden, da dann nur geringe Ströme zum Schutz erforderlich sind.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0941-1216
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Photocatalytic Hydrogen Formation from Thioles in the Presence of Vitamin-B12 Model Complexes with Azide as Photochemical Sacrificial LigandThe photolysis of [N3Co(chelat)B] complexes (1-3) (chelat = dimethylglyoxime, dmg; N,N′-o-phynylenebis(salicylidenimine), salphen; N,N′-ethylene-bis(salicylidenimine), salen; B = pyridine) leads by homolytic cleavage of the Co-N3 bond to both coordinatively unsaturated cobalt(II) chelates [Co(chelat)B] and N3 ligand radicals that undergo fast decay to dinitrogen. The photolysis of the cobalt (III) complexes 1-3 in the presence of thiophenole and other thioles proceeds catalytically and yields the corresponding disulphides and dihydrogen. The mechanism of this photocatalytic generation of dihydrogen is due to the catalytic activity of the coordinatively unsaturated cobalt(II) species formed photochemically. A photocatalytic cycle is proposed describing the generation of hydrogen. Possible photochemical and thermal steps of that cycle are discussed.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0947-3440
    Keywords: Polar additions ; Alkynes ; Transannular interactions ; Neighboring group effects ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The reactions of 1,6-dialkyl-1,6-diazacyclodeca-3,8-diynes (9, a = CH3, b = C2H5, c = i-C3H7) with HCl, H2O and CH3OH have been investigated. The reaction of 9c with HCl selectively gives N,N′-diisopropyl-4-chloro-1,2,3,5,6,7-hexahydro-2,6-naphthyridine (13c) in quantitative yield. Investigation of this reaction at different temperatures allows the activation parameters for the process to be derived (ΔH≠ = 24 ± 1 kcal · mol-1, ΔS≠ = - 9 ± 2 cal · mol-1 · K-1). The regioselective reaction of 9c with methanol affords a quantitative yield of N,N′-diisopropyl-4-methoxy-1,2,3,4,5,6,7-hexahydro-2,6-naphthyridine (29c). Addition of water to 9a in the presence of H2SO4 gives N,N-dimethyl-7-oxo-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydro-2,6-naphthyridine (28a) in low yields (15%). If the addition of water is carried out in the presence of Hg2+, the yield of 28a is increased considerably. The mechanisms of all three reactions are discussed and those involving electrophilic addition (AdE2) are favored.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 132 (1923), S. 153-158 
    ISSN: 0863-1786
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 132 (1923), S. 125-152 
    ISSN: 0863-1786
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1. Zur Messung des Dampfdruckes von Kohlenstoff wurden zwei von der Bildung des Lichtbogens unabhängige Methoden ausgearbeitet.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Corrosion fatigue behaviour of steel Ck 45 in aqueous solutions containing chloride ionsThe fatigue behaviour of carbon steel Ck 45 (comparable to AISI 1045x) is investigated for cyclic tension and rotating bending load with a frequency of 25 Hz. The fatigue limits under cyclic tension load in air are 410 N/mm2 for smooth specimens and 290 N/mm2 for notched specimens. For rotating bending load a value of 200 N/mm2 is found for smooth specimen.The fatigue limits for N = 107 in two different environments (0.3% and 3% NaCl-solution) reach only 37-57% of the according values in air. Cathodic protection of smooth specimens causes an improvement to 95% of the air fatigue limit.The evaluation of the free corrosion potential for all corrosion fatigue tests and the appearence of fracture show typical attributes of corrosion fatigue in the active state.
    Notes: Am Beispiel des unlegierten Stahles Ck 45 wird in NaCl-Lösung das Schwingungsrißkorrosionsverhalten im aktiven Zustand durch Variation der Probengeometrie, der Belastungsart, der Elektrolytkonzentration und der Prüfftemperatur eingehend untersucht. Alle Dauerschwingversuche werden dabei mit einer Prüffrequenz von 25 Hz bis zu einer Grenzschwingspielzahl von 107 durchgeführt.Gegenüber den Vergleichsversuchen an Luft sinkt durch den gleichzeitigen Korrosionsangriff die Zeitschwingfestigkeit sehr stark ab, wobei der Festigkeitsverlust abhängig von den Versuchsparametern zwischen 43% und 63% beträgt. Die Vorgabe eines geeigneten elektrochemischen Potentials bewirkt eine deutliche Erhöhung der Korrosionszeitschwingfestigkeit auf 95% der Luftdauerfestigkeit.Die bei allen Versuchen durchgeführten elektrochemischen Messungen sowie die fraktographischen Untersuchungen zeigen die für SwRK im aktiven Zustand typischen Erscheinungen, die auf die gegenseitige Steigerung der mechanischen Beanspruchung und des Korrosionsangriffs zurückzuführen sind.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
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