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  • Wiley-Blackwell  (936)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of hampered draining of solvent on the translatory and rotatory motion of statistically coiled long-chain molecules in solution. Part I. Translation resistance; Rate of diffusion and sedimentationTranslated by Alexander Silberberg. (1950)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 5 (1950), S. 519-541 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1950.120050501
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of hampered draining of solvent on the translatory and rotatory motion of statistically coiled long-chain molecules in solution. Part II. Rotatory motion, viscosity, and flow birefringenceTranslated by Alexander Silberberg. (1952)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 9 (1952), S. 1-33 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: In Part I the translational resistance of the random coil was discussed. In the two limiting cases of the freely draining and the completely nondraining coil a theoretical treatment was given, while for intermediate draining conditions an experimental method, involving large-scale models of the molecules, was shown to be available. The same treatment is now extended to deal with the analogous case of the hydrodynamic rotational resistance of the random coil. It is on this characteristic resistance that the intrinsic viscosity and the flow birefringence of solutions of chain molecules principally depend.Expressions are found for the viscosity index [η], the orientation index [ω], and the birefringence index [n], respectively. In these formulas Z is the degree of polymerization while the parameters aη, aη, aη, and brot are independent of Z. These parameters are, however, functions of the length Am of the preferential statistical chain element and the hydrodynamic thickness dh of the chain. an also includes the anisotropy of polarizability of the statistical chain element. It is seen moreover that [ω] (in contrast to [η] and [η]) also depends on the shape resistance of the chain (i.e., on the resistance which the chain inherently offers to a rapid change in configuration).
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1952.120090101
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improved relationships for diffusion and sedimentation constants and for viscosity and streaming birefringence of solutions of polymers (1954)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 14 (1954), S. 193-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: For the description of the practical properties of a large number of linear polymer molecules as well as for the discussion of the various mean parameters of the individual chain molecule, the model usually employed to represent the molecule consists of N m straight line chain elements of length A m statistically joined to each other (straight element model). For the construction of large-scale wire models of polymer molecules to be used in model experiments on the hydrodynamic behavior of chain molecules, a somewhat different model (circular segment model) was employed in previous papers. In these papers the relationships connecting the parameters which characterize these two models respectively have been determined on the basis of certain assumptions. These assumptions, as has recently been shown, were however partly in error and certain corrections have now to be applied to the numerical constants which appear in previously published formulas for the diffusion and sedimentation constants and for the intrinsic viscosity and streaming birefringence. The formulas, resulting after these corrections have been incorporated, are compiled in the present paper and the effect of these corrections on the interpretation of both new and old experimental results is discussed. It is found that agreement between theory and experiment is improved by the use of the corrected expressions and that in particular certain discrepancies which had previously existed between the lengths A m of the statistical chain element as calculated from sedimentation and diffusion experiments, on the one hand, and viscosity determinations on the other, disappear after these corrections are applied (see Table I).
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1954.120147406
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Free flow electrophoresis for the purification of proteins: I. Zone electrophoresis and isotachophoresis (1990)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 11 (1990), S. 304-309 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The principles and some applications of free flow zone electrophoresis and isotachophoresis are described. The influence of (i) carrier electrolyte conductivity on the migration velocity and (ii) band shape on zone electrophoresis was investigated. The technique was found convenient for studying the effect of pH on the mobility of proteins to create a mobility curve. The purification of alcohol dehydrogenase from a crude yeast extract revealed the separation power of zone electrophoresis for complex protein mixtures. Without additional steps, a purification factor of 5.4, with a recovery of 97 % alcohol dehydrogenase, was achieved. Free flow isotachophoresis was applied to the purification of immunoglobulins from human serum. Disadvantages of this technique are the time-consuming development of an optimized separation system and the empirical search for suitable spacers. Also, reaching of the steady state becomes increasingly difficult as the number of sample components increases.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.1150110406
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Profiling of oligosaccharide-mediated microheterogeneity of a monoclonal antibody by capillary electrophoresis (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 17 (1996), S. 418-422 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Monoclonal antibodies ; Microheterogeneity ; Capillary electrophoresis ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Based on complex formation of borate with carbohydrates in alkaline solutions, the oligosaccharide microheterogeneity of a monoclonal antibody was studied using capillary zone electrophoresis. In borate buffers characteristic separation patterns were found that could be attributed to the same antibody by their UV spectra, while in a phosphate buffer, under otherwise the same conditions, only a single peak was observed. N- and O-glycans were chemically hydrolyzed by trifluoromethane sulfonic acid, resulting in a completely deglycosylated protein; alternatively, N-glycans were enzymatically cleaved by incubation with peptide N-glycosidase F (PNGase F). In both approaches a changed antibody pattern was detected, indicating that the separation is due to carbohydrate microheterogeneity of the protein. Deglycosylation of the antibody by treatment with PNGase F was investigated by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). A shift to lower molecular masses of approximately 1500 Da for the enzymatically treated protein, compared with the intact glycoprotein, was found. The separation method was validated for linearity and reproducibility of migration time and peak area and optimized in terms of buffer pH, capillary temperature and borate concentration. This technique is sensitive to analyze batch-to-batch consistency in production and to test the stability of galenical formulations. After antibody storage in glass vials for 3 months at 37°C, the separation profile changed distinctly due to degradation at the carbohydrate or sialic acid moiety of the antibody, as indicated by MALDI-TOF-MS.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.1150170222
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Richtlinien für die nomenklatur auf dem gebiet der makromolekularen stoffe (1960)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 38 (1960), S. 1-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1960.020380101
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über die Vernetzungskontraktion des Polyvinylalkohol-Cu••-Muskels. Der E-Modul-Wirksamkeitsfaktor der Cu••-VernetzungHerrn Prof. Dr. G. NATTA zum 60. Geburtstag gewidmet (1963)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 60 (1963), S. 77-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Filaments of polyvinyl alcohol crosslinked by dry heating reach a swelling equilibrium without dissolving in water or in a N/10 acetate buffer solution. The addition of Cu••-ions to the swollen filaments produces an additional crosslinking, associated with an increased E-modulus and a contraction of the filament. Comparison shows that the efficiency per crosslink with respect to the E-modulus increase is about 6 to 8 times smaller in the case of Cu••-crosslinking of swollen polyvinyl alcohol than in the case of non swollen rubber crosslinking. This difference is attributed to the use of a great part of the reagent in case of polyvinyl alcohol for producing network portions with an exceptionally low network filament molecular weight, leaving the high length of other filament parts practically unchanged. In the case of an inhomogeneous filament weight distribution a small value of the E-modulus efficiency factor fE per crosslink can be expected.
    Notes: Fäden aus Polyvinylalkohol wurden zunächst im homogenen Zustande thermisch vernetzt, so daß sie in Wasser bzw. in einem n/10 Na-Acetatpuffer stark quellen, ohne sich zu lösen. Die gequollenen Folien wurden anschließend durch Einwirkung von Cu••-Ionen zusätzlich vernetzt. Es tritt dabei eine Kontraktion der Folien sowie eine Erhöhung des E-Moduls ein. Die durch Einwirkung eines Cu••-Ions herbeigeführte Erhöhung des E-Moduls wird verglichen mit der beispielsweise bei Kautschuk durch die Bildung eines Vernetzungspunktes herbeigeführten E-Modul-Erhöhung, gemessen am homogenen und am anschließend an die Vernetzung gequollenen Kautschuk.Die Wirksamkeit je Vernetzungspunkt ist bei der Cu••-Vernetzung des gequollenen Polyvinylalkohols etwa 6 bis 8 mal kleiner als die Wirksamkeit je Vernetzungspunkt beim homogenen Kautschuk. Das Auftreten eines E-Modul-Wirksamkeitsfaktors fE von der Größe 1/6 bis 1/8 bei der Cu••-Vernetzung des gequollenen Polyvinylalkohols wird in erster Linie dadurch gedeutet, daß beim hoch gequollenen Polyvinylalkoholgel ein großer Teil des Vernetzungsreagenses für die Bildung von Netzwerkteilen mit sehr kleinem Netzbogengewicht verwendet wird. Es entsteht dann an Stelle eines homogenen ein hinsichtlich der Netzbogengewichtsverteilung stark unhomogenes Netzwerk, für welches ein stark unterhalb 1 liegender E-Modul-Wirksamkeitsfaktor modellmäßig zu erwarten ist.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1963.020600105
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimentelle prüfung der beziehungen zwischen mechanischen konstanten von gelen für dehnung bei konstantem quellungsgrade einerseits, bei konstantem partialdruck des quellungsmittels andererseitsHerrn Prof. Dr. R. SIGNER zum 60. Geburtstag gewidmet (1963)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 62 (1963), S. 40-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The YOUNG's modulus E′ and the POISSON number μ′ of a swollen gel sample, stretched in an embedding fluid of constant activity, are different from the YOUNG's modulus E and the POISSON number μ of the same gel sample stretched at constant mass of the swelling agent in the sample. A relation between the four elastic constants derived recently was confirmed by experiment.
    Notes: Zwei verschiedene Bedingungen, unter denen eine gequollene Folie elastisch verformt werden kann, sind: 1. Dehnung bei konstanter Zusammensetzung, insbesondere bei konstantem Gehalt des Gelfadens an Quellungsmittel und 2. Streckung bei konstantem Partialdruck des Quellungsmittels. Die Elastizitätsmodule E, E′ und die POISSONschen Zahlen μ, μ′ für diese beiden Dehnungsbedingungen werden definiert und experimentell festgestellt. Eine quantitative beziehung zwischen diesen vier Größen, die in einer früheren Arbeit hergeleitet worden war, konnte experimentell bestätigt werden.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1963.020620105
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über die quantitative Verwandlung von chemischer in mechanische Energie durch homogene kontraktile Systeme I. Ionen- und Wasser-Austauschgleichgewichte, sowie Abhängigkeit derselben vom Zustande mechanischer Dehnung an aus Polyacrylsäure und Polyvinylalkohol bestehenden Gelfäden (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 502-517 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Zwecks Klarstellung der Vorgänge, welch sich bei der Erzeugung von mechanischer aus chemischer Energie durch Kontraktion von aus Polyvinylalkohol und Polyacrylsäure bestehenden homogenen Lamellen abspielen, werden, ausser der Herstellung, eine Reihe von Eigenschaften dieser Folien beschrieben.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19600430207
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Azeotropismus und Mischungswärme chemisch und physikalisch ähnlicher Verbindungen (Häufigkeit des Azeotropismus durch Kompensation von Beiträgen bei der Dampfdruckdifferenz und Summierung beim Energiebedarf der Vermischung) (1957)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 40 (1957), S. 2433-2454 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Siedepunktsdifferenz ΔT von Substanzen, welche einander physikalisch und chemisch ähnlich sind, wird darauf zurückgeführt, dass gewisse für die van der Waal'sche Anziehung der Molekeln wichtige Kenngrössen wie Molekelradien, Polarisierbarkeiten, Dipolmomente usw. für solche Substanzen nahezu, aber nicht ganz dieselben Werte besitzen. Die Unterschiede werden durch für die Unterschiede in den einzelnen Kenngrössen charakteristische Differenzparameter festgehalten.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19570400740
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