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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 1999 (1999), S. 1343-1350 
    ISSN: 1434-1948
    Keywords: Indium ; O ligands ; N ligands ; C ligands ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: New heteroleptic indium compounds have been synthesized starting from indium(III) halides and hexamethyldisilazyllithium to form MeXInN(SiMe3)2 [X = Cl (1), Br (2)], and then subsequent alcoholysis to afford the molecules [ClMeIn(OtBu)]2 (3), [BrMeIn(OtBu)]2 (4), {ClMeIn[O(C6H4)OMe]}2 (5), {[(SiMe3)2N]MeIn(OtBu)}2 (6) and [MeIn(OtBu)2]2 (7). The molecular structures of molecules 3-7 have been obtained by single crystal X-ray diffraction studies. The structures of the compounds 3-7 are almost identical: 3-5 crystallize in the monoclinic crystal system with two dimeric molecules per unit cell in the space group P21/c, 6 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/c with four molecules per unit cell, and compound 7 crystallizes in the triclinic crystal system with one dimeric molecule per unit cell in the space group P-1. The central centrosymmetric In2O2 ring, common to all the compounds, is achieved by two bridging oxygen atoms. Due to the additional coordination by an oxygen atom of the methoxy group, the coordination number of the metal center rises from 4 to “4+1” if the OtBu ligand (compounds 3, 4, 6, and 7) is exchanged for a methoxyphenol ligand (compound 5). In addition to the In2O2 ring the compound 5 possesses two annealed five-membered InO2C2 rings. The common indium methyl group of all compounds, which is transfered by an original route from the silicon to the indium atom, is used to compare structural and spectroscopic properties of the molecules, as there is a correlation between the In-C bond length and the chemical shift of the methyl group which depends on the ligand system used.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0947-6539
    Keywords: alkoxides ; clusters ; Group 15 complexes ; Lewis acids ; oxygen bridges ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: As(OtBu)3 does not form adducts with alkali metal tert-butoxides MOtBu (M = Li, Na, K, Rb and Cs), whereas the corresponding Sb(OtBu)3 (2) and Bi(OtBu)3 (3) react with MOtBu (M = K, Rb, Cs) to yield M(OtBu)4Sb (M = K (6), Rb (7), Cs (8)) and M(O-tBu)4Bi (M = 9), respectively. X-ray structure determinations for 6 and 9 show them to be one-dimensional coordination polymers composed of E(OtBu)4 (E = Sb, Bi) units linked through potassium atoms. These E(OtBu)4 units display a ψ-trigonal-bipyramidal coordination around the metal atom (Sb—O = 1.971(2) and 2.181(2) Å, Bi—O = 2.068(8) and 2.275(8) Å). Both the structures exhibit a planar four-coordinate environment of oxygen around the potassium atoms (K—O = 2.650(2)-2.967(2) Å in 6, 2.53(1)-3.15(1) Å in 9). Compound 2 reacts with two equivalents of KOtBu to afford K2Sb(OtBu)5 · dioxane (10), which contains Sb2K2O5 cage units and can be described as an O5 trigonal bipyramid with metal atoms inserted in the equatorial edges. Each metal atom is tetracoordinated by oxygen atoms of the cage (Sb—O = 1.979(3)-2.144(3) Å. K—O = 2.592(3)-2.778(2) Å). The dioxane molecules increase the coordination number at each potassium atom to five by forming bridges between the molecules through K—O bonds. Reaction of 2 and 3 with NaOtBu produce the cluster compounds Na4Sb2O(OtBu)8 (4) and Na4Bi2O-(OtBu)8 (5) in high yields. K4Sb2O-(OtBu)8 (11) is obtained in almost quantitative yield by heating KSb(OtBu)4 in benzene for 24 h. Compounds 4, 5 and 11 crystallise in rhombohedral lattices; the crystal structure analyses show a superposition of molecules. With an isotropic oxygen-centred M6 octahedron. The formation of these oxo-tert-butoxides is accompanied by evolution of isobutene. Addition of four equivalents of THF to 11 gives K4Sb2O(OtBu)8 · 4 THF (12). X-ray diffraction studies reveal a cis arrangement of the Sb atoms in the central OSb2K4 unit. K4Sb2O2(OiPr)12 (13) is obtained as the major product on heating KSb(OtBu)4 and subsequent reaction with isopropyl alcohol. In the crystal structure, two oxygen-centred Sb2K2 tetrahedra (K—O 2.693(4) Å, Sb—O = 1.982(5) Å) linked through iPrO—K bonds (2.726(7)-2.738(7) Å) are observed. In the reactions of KSb(OtBu)4 (6) with the metal halides CaCl2, TlCl and CuI, a halide ion is transferred to potassium; this results in formation of potassium halide, the corresponding alkoxide and Sb(OtBu)3.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1990 (1990), S. 239-243 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Diazo diketones ; Oxazines ; Thiazoles ; Dithioles ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: New Syntheses of 1,3-Oxazines, Thiazoles, and 1,2-DithiolesThe 2-diazo-1,3-diketones 1 react with thioamides 4 via the acyl ketenes 3, resulting from Wolff rearrangement, to give the 1,3-oxazine-4-ones 10; however, by increasing the electro-philicity of the diazo compounds or the nucleophilicity of the thioamides, the 5-acylthiazoles 9 are obtained. These are derived from the diketocarbene intermediates 2. The structure of 9g was confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis.  -  The best preparative method for 1,3-oxazinones consists in the dehydratation of the 2,N-diacylacetamides 8, which are readily available from the reaction of diazodiketones with carboxamides.  -  The thionation of 8 or 10 with P4S10 proceeds with spontaneous dehydrogenation, affording high yields of 3-(thiobenzoylimido)-1,2-dithioles 15. The structure of 15a was established by X-ray diffraction analysis.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Phosphorus ylides ; Acyl dichlorides ; Benzonitrile imine ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Syntheses with 1,3-Ambident-Nucleophilic Phosphorus Ylides, VII. - Heterocyclic Triphenylphosphonium Chlorides, Triphenylphosphonio-Olates, Acyclic Triphenylphosphonio-Thiolates and Their Wittig DerivativesUnder mild conditions, benzoylmethylenetriphenylphosphorane (1b) reacts readily with oxalyl chloride to give the unstable 4-(4,5-dihydro-4,5-dioxo-2-phenyl-3-furyl)triphenylphosphonium chloride (3b). This undergoes rapid hydrolysis to afford the triphenylphosphonium chloride 4 of benzoylpyruvic acid. Thermolysis of 3b or 4 results in the formation of 2-(triphenylphosphoranyliden)indan-1,3-dione (10), the structure of which was established by X-ray diffraction analysis. - With phenylmalonyl chloride, the title compounds 1a, b, d react by formation of the triphenylphosphonio-olates 7 of pyridine-, pyran- and thiopyran-dione, respectively. - The (thioaroylmethylene)triphenylphosphoranes 1e, f react with benzonitrile imine 12 to give the red hydrazonotriphenylphosphoniothiolates 16, the structures of which have been elucidated by an X-ray diffraction analysis. Under rigorous conditions, compounds 16 undergo an intramolecular Wittig-type reaction leading to pyrazoles 14.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 1998 (1998), S. 1327-1332 
    ISSN: 1434-1948
    Keywords: Barium ; Zirconium ; O ligand ; Heterometal alkoxides ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Manipulable metal ratios are accessible in a series of heterometal Ba-Zr alkoxides by changing the size and the charge of the ligands. The synthesis and characterisation of four mixed-metal Ba-Zr species [BaZr2(OtBu)10] (1), [Ba2Zr(OtBu)8(tBuOH)(THF)2] (2), [BaZr(OtBu)6(THF)2] (3) and [BaZr(OH)(OiPr)5(iPrOH)3]2 (4), based on different Ba/Zr stoichiometries, are reported. The molecular structures of 1, 2, and 4 have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. 1 exhibits a bow-tie structural motif in which a trigonally distorted six-coordinate barium atom is chelated by two bipyramidal {Zr(OtBu)5}- units. 2 reveals a triangular “Ba2Zr(μ3-OtBu)2(μ2-OtBu)3” core structure formed by the fusion of three octahedra built about two Ba atoms and a Zr atom. The structure is unique in terms of the distribution of terminal ligands at each of the metal centers. One of the barium atoms possesses one -OtBu and one tBuOH as terminal ligands, while the terminal ligands on the second barium atom are two THF molecules; the zirconium center bears -OtBu groups as the terminal ligands. Hydrolysis of compound 3 with one equivalent of water, followed by alcoholysis (iPrOH) of the resulting product, gave 4. The structure of 4 shows a planar tetrametallic Ba2Zr2 frame capped by two μ3-hydroxo ligands. The coordination figure of the zirconium atoms resembles a distorted octahedron, whereas the geometry of the barium centers is best described as capped trigonal prisms. Both 3 and 4 are excellent precursors to morphologically pure BaZrO3 ceramic by the sol-gel process.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 101 (1989), S. 1287-1288 
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 102 (1990), S. 186-188 
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 100 (1988), S. 1418-1421 
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 122 (1989), S. 841-849 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Lewis acid-base adducts ; Alkali metal amides ; Chelated metals ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The Reaction of Polycyclic Alkoxysilylamides of Li, Na, and K with Organic Lewis BasesIndependently of the ligand at the nitrogen atom (tert-butyl or trimethylsilyl) the polycyclic and dimeric lithium (alkoxysilyl)-tert-butylamide 1 or lithium (alkoxysilyl)silylamide 2 react with bases like pyridine, tetrahydrofuran, or dioxane to form the acidbase adducts 1a, 1b, 1c, and 2a of similar structure. An X-ray structure analysis of 1b confirms the base tetrahydrofuran being coordinated by the oxygen to one of the lithium atoms while the other is surrounded by oxygen and nitrogen atoms of the siloxyamide ligand. The two metal atoms have different coordination numbers (3 versus 4), the shorter distances are found at the one [Li(2)] with less neighbours. Even an excess of the base does not lead to complexes in which the two metal atoms within the molecule have equal degree of saturation or have an equal environment. Nevertheless this situation can be reached with the corresponding sodium compound 3, which forms 3a by contact with pyridine. In this product the two sodium atoms have an identical coordination sphere being bound to three nitrogen and one oxygen atom. A compound with different sodium atoms is formed when 3 is treated with α,α′-bipyridine. This astonishing unsymmetry in the coordination of the two metal atoms is not realized in the corresponding potassium compound 4a, formed from 4 and α,α′-bipyridine (equally coordinated potassium atoms). The existence of acid-base adducts of 3 and 4 with phenanthroline and different crown ethers has been proven.
    Notes: Unabhängig vom Liganden am Stickstoffatom (tert-Butyl oder Trimethylsilyl) reagiert das polycyclische und dimere Lithium-(alkoxysilyl)-tert-butylamid 1 bzw. Lithium-(alkoxysilyl)silylamid 2 mit den Basen Pyridin, Tetrahydrofuran bzw. Dioxan zu Säure-Base-Addukten 1a, 1b, 1c und 2a mit ähnlicher Struktur Nach der Röntgenstrukturanalyse von 1b koordiniert die Base Tetrahydrofuran über den Sauerstoff an eines der beiden Lithiumatome, während das andere von den Sauerstoff- und Stickstoff-atomen des Siloxyamidliganden umgeben ist. Die beiden Metallatome besitzen unterschiedliche Koordinationszahlen (3 und 4), wobei Li(2) aufgrund der geringeren Anzahl der Nachbarn die kürzesten Abstände bildet. Selbst ein Basenüberschuß führt nicht zur Bildung von Komplexen, bei denen die beiden Metallatome im Molekül gleichen Sättigungsgrad und gleiche Umgebung erreichen. Möglich ist dies jedoch bei der entsprechenden Natriumverbindung 3, die mit Pyridin zu der Verbindung 3a reagiert. In diesem Produkt besitzen beide Natriumatome dieselbe Koordinationssphäre mit je drei Stickstoff- und einem Sauerstoffatom als Nachbarn. Setzt man 3 mit α,α′-Bipyridyl um, so entsteht eine Verbindung mit Natriumatomen unterschiedlicher Umgebung. Diese erstaunliche Unsymmetrie in der Koordination der beiden Metallatome liegt bei der entsprechenden Kaliumverbindung 4a, gewonnen aus 4 und α,α′-Bipyridyl, nicht vor (gleichartig koordinierte Kaliumatome). Säure-Base-Addukte von 3 und 4 mit Phenanthrolin und Kronenethern waren nachzuweisen.
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