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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 6 (1985), S. 175-178 
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Esterase-19 (ES-19) of the house mouse, following specific visualization in electrophoretic and isoelectric focusing gels, is described. A list of diagnostic features was compiled including substrate specificity, inhibition and activation characteristics, temporal and spatial patterns of expression, distribution among laboratory and wild mouse strains. ES-19 was classified as arylesterase (E.C. 3.1.1.2) and compared with ES-16 and ES-25, two other mouse arylesterases. Homology with brain esterases of rat, guinea pig, rabbit and man was found, and a uniform disegnation “arylesterase I” is proposed.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The banding pattern of rat liver carboxylesterases (EC 3.1.1.1) was demonstrated following polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing using standardized conditions. Phenotypic variations, occurring in commonly used inbred rat strains, were compared. Separate isozymes were identified using genetic nomenclature. Individual bands were labelled; their electrophoretic parameters were estimated. Three hitherto genetically undefined zones were described and preliminarily classified as carboxylesterase isozymes. A scheme was provided to enable identification of liver esterases in rat strains not investigated in the present study.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 12 (1991), S. 446-447 
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Isoelectric focusing between pH 9 and 11 was used for separation of murine pancreas proteases. One of these proteases is characterized by its preference for N-acetyl-L-alanine-α-naphthylester as substrate and by its genetic linkage to bt, a coat color marker of chromosome 15. This protease was identified as elastase, and is probably elastase-1 (ELA-1). Because of the simple procedure and the excellent reproducibility of the focusing pattern, ELA-1 is recommended as a useful marker for mouse chromosome 15.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 12 (1981), S. 51-58 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Conjoint Action of Stress Corrosion Cracking and Fatigue on Corrosion Fatigue of a High Strength SteelThe corrosion fatigue characteristics of a high strength, martensitic steel in 0.5 n NaCl solution is investigated with regard to the fatigue and stress corrosion cracking behaviour of the material. Test parameters are stress ratio and frequency, testing is carried out with fracture mechanics methods, the crack surfaces are examined fractographically.An analysis of the results reveals that corrosion fatigue in high strength steel is caused by fatigue or by stress corrosion cracking, depending on the kinetics of the two processes. Fatigue and stress corrosion cracking do not act cumulative or additive. Instead, the kinetically faster process causes crack advance.The crack growth characteristics are interpreted with respect to the fractographic appearance of the crack surfaces. Corrosion fatigue cracks propagate either intergranular relative to the prior austenite grain boundaries as stress corrosion cracks do or transgranular like fatigue cracks, depending on the crack growth rates of the two processes. Fatigue and stress corrosion cracking do not interact, at least in a measurable degree, because of the different crack path of the two fracture processes.Results can be assessed quantitatively with the “process competition model”.
    Notes: Das Schwingungskorrosionsverhalten eines hochfesten, martensitischen Stahles in 0,5 n NaCl-Lösung wird im Hinblick auf dessen Ermüdungs- und SpRK-Eigenschaften untersucht. Als Parameter dienen Spannungsverhältnis und Frequenz, die Prüfmethodik ist bruchmechanisch orientiert, begleitend erfolgen fraktografische Untersuchungen.Die Analyse der Versuchsergebnisse zeigt, daß das Rißwachstum im hochfesten Stahl bei schwingender Belastung entweder durch Ermüdung oder durch Spannungsrißkorrosion hervorgerufen wird, je nachdem, welcher dieser beiden Prozesse der schneller ablaufende ist. Ein kumulative oder additives Zusammenwirken von Ermüdung und SpRK konnte nicht festgestellt werden. Das Bruchverhalten läßt sich unter Berücksichtigung der Bruchflächenmorphologie deuten. Der Schwingungskorrosionsbruch erfolgt entweder interkristallin bezüglich der vor dem Härten vorhandenen Austenitkorngrenzen und damit wie ein Spannungskorrosionsbruch oder transkristallin wie ein Ermüdungsbruch, und zwar in Abhängigkeit der Rißwachstumsgeschwindigkeit der beiden Teilprozesse. Wegen der unterschiedlichen Rißpfade wirken Ermüdung und Spannungsrißkorrosion nicht oder nur in nicht feststellbarem Umfang zusammen.Die Ergebnisse lassen sich quantitativ befriedigend mit dem „Rißwachstumsmodell der konkurrierenden Schadensprozesse“ (process competition model) beschreiben.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0721-3115
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The signature of rocket plumes can be used for detection, identification and guidance of rockets. The objective was to investigate the signature of various types of solid rocket propellants by application of spectroscopic methods. The emission and transmission characteristics of plumes were studied experimentally, the results were analyzed based on molecular bands and continuum radiation. The model formulations include a nitramine propellant, a double-base propellant and a composite propellant. Applied were rapid-scanning filter wheel spectrometers for the wavelength region from 1.2 μm to 14 μm with a time resolution of 50 spectra/s and a wavelengths resolution of 1% of actual wavelength. The UV/VIS wavelengths region was recorded by an OMA system with wavelength resolution of 0.1 nm and 1 nm and time resolution of 10 spectra/s. Molecular bands of water and carbon dioxide dominate in the near infrared and infrared. Depending on composition, continuous radiation indicates particles in the rocket exhaust. A code was developed to calculate molecular bands and continuous radiation using temperature and species distributions found by thermodynamic estimation to obtain the radiance of the plume. Comparison with experimental data delivered plume temperatures.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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