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  • Wiley-Blackwell  (103)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 18 (1974), S. 735-744 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Laser Raman spectroscopy was used to monitor changes in the substitution pattern during the formation of a phenol-formaldehyde resin (resol). The substitution-sensitive bands were identified and their relative intensities related to molecular weight of the resol. Results of this study are similar to those obtained by previous workers in the field using paper chromatography. The absorbance ratio of 784-cm-1 to 998-cm-1 bands was found to be linearly related to the molecular weight of the resol.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials 6 (1994), S. 291-292 
    ISSN: 0935-9648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0935-9648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0947-6539
    Keywords: cyclic voltammetry ; dendrimers ; metallodendrimers ; terpyridine ; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A series of iron-containing metallodendrimers from the zeroth to the third generation was synthesized and characterized. The iron(II) ion of these metal complexes is encapsulated within a hydrophobic polyether dendritic envelope. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis revealed that the bonding environment of the iron atom was essentially ronment of the iron atom was essentially the same in dendrimers of different generations. However, cyclic voltammetry studies indicated that the reversibility of the metal redox process decreased in the higher-generation dendrimers. These observations were similar to those of a related electrochemical study conducted on the redox protein cytochrome C, in which the decrease in electron transfer reversibility was explained as a result of the increasing remoteness of the metal ion of the higher-generation dendrimers from the electrode surface.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics 197 (1996), S. 1-17 
    ISSN: 1022-1352
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Ring-opening polymerization of 2-methyl-2-oxazoline initiated by 2-(p-nitrobenzenesulfonato)ethyl methacrylate follows the so-called “living mechanism”, i.e. fast initiation compared to slow propagation and no chain transfer. Accordingly, methacryl macromonomers having homopolymers, block or random copolymers of 2-methyl and 2-pentyl-2-oxazoline backbones with narrow molecular weight distribution were obtained. Termination of the propagating species by ion-exchange or aminolysis with triethylamine yielded hydroxyl and quaternary ammonium terminated macromonomers, respectively.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 157 (1993), S. 392-402 
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The multidrug resistance (MDR)-associated protein, P-glycoprotein (Pgp), is expressed on the bile canalicular surface of hepatocytes, where it is thought to function in the detoxification of xenobiotics or in the transport of specific metabolites. Several studies have shown that Pgp expression in rat liver can be perturbed in vivo and in vitro; however, it is not known which of the 3 Pgp genes (class I, II, or III) are involved. In rodents, the class I and II Pgp genes have been shown to mediate MDR while the class III gene apparently does not. In this eport, we have used gene-specific probes generated from the 3′-untranslated regions of the three rat Pgp genes (Deuchars et al.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1130:157-165, 1992) to investigate Pgp gene expression in primary rat hepatocytes. We observed that the class II Pgp mRNA, the least abundant in the intact liver, is dramatically increased in culture over a 48 h period, while the class I Pgp showed only a modest increase in mRNA level. In contrast, the class III Pgp mRNA, which is the most abundant in the intact liver, exhibited a gradual decline. In rat liver hepatocytes, different culture conditions, as well as drugs such as cytochalasin D and colchicine, appear to affect the level of the class II Pgp gene expression. Moreover, under all these conditions, there is a strong correlation between the level of the class II Pgp and cytoskeletal (actin and tubulin) mRNAs. Thus, there may be a common mechanism regulating the expression of cytoskeletal protein genes and the class II Pgp gene. These findings have implications for our understanding of the regulation of Pgp gene expression in normal and malignant tissues. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 17 (1980), S. 85-97 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Some aspects of fiber bundles, sheaf theory, and possible generalizations of the notion of differentiable manifolds are discussed.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 393-397 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In this paper we extend our previous studies to investigate the ionization energies of some XPY3 molecules (X = O, S and Y = Cl, Br). The calculated orbital energies agree very well with reported experimental ionization energies. The molecular orbital orderings obtained coincide with recent experimental orbital assignments. The results are also compared with previous ab initio and semiempirical calculations for OPCl3, OPBr3, SPCl3, and SPBr3 molecules. The comparison indicates that the present results show improved agreement with experiment and clarify certain ambiguities in the earlier assignments.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: (+)-11,11′-Di-O-methylelaiophyliden - Herstellung aus Elaiophylin und Totalsynthese aus (R)-3-Hydroxybuttersäure- und (S)-ÄpfelsäureesterDas Makrodiolid-Antibiotikum Elaiophylin (6, Schema 1) kann durch säurekatalysierte Abspaltung der Desoxyfucose-Einheiten in Methanol unter gleichzeitiger Substitution der C-11- und C-11′-Lactol-OH-Gruppen durch OCH3 in das Aglycon 8a umgewandelt werden. Dieses Di-O-methylelaiophyliden genannte C2-symmetrische Makrodiolid 8a enthält 2 × 11 stereogene Einheiten, von denen in der hier beschriebenen Totalsynthese zwei aus (R)-3-Hydroxybuttersäure (aus dem Biopolymer PHB) und (S)-Äpfelsäure stammen, während die anderen durch diastereoselektive Reaktionsschritte erzeugt werden. Die zwei Schlüsselprodukte der konvergenten Synthese (Schema 2) sind der makrocyclische Dialdehyd 10 (vgl. 26, 27; 2 × 5 stereogene Einheiten) und das silylgeschützte Dihydroxyketonderivat 11 (vgl. 34, 35; 3 stereogene Einheiten). Aldoladdition des Z-Bor-Enolates des Ketons an den Dialdehyd erfolgte - beinahe statistisch - mit relativer Topizität ul und lieferte zwei C2-symmetrische und ein unsymmetrisches Diaddukt (40a, b, c), von denen eines bei der säurekatalysierten Methanolyse das Aglycon 8a lieferte (Abb. 1 und 2 zeigen die NMR-Spektren). Die diastereoselektiven Schlüsselschritte, mit denen drei der sechs neuen asymmetrischen Kohlenstoffatome erzeugt wurden, sind α-Alkylierungen von β-Hydroxyester oder-lacton-Alkoholat-Enolaten (Äpfelsäure → 12 und 15 → 16 bei der Dialdehydsynthese sowie Hydroxybuttersäure → 29 bei der Herstellung des Ketons).
    Notes: The macrodiolide antibiotic elaiophylin (6, Scheme 1) is converted into an aglycone 8a by acid-catalysed cleavage of the deoxyfucoses in methanol, with replacement of two lactol OH-groups by OCH3 (C-11 and C-11′). The di-O-methylelaiophylidene (8a), a C2-symmetrical macrodiolide with 2 × 11 stereogenic units, was synthesised from (R)-3-hydroxy-butanoate (from the biopolymer PHB) and (S)-malic ester, using diastereoselective steps for the generation of the other stereogenic units. The key intermediates (Scheme 2) are the macrocyclic dialdehyde 10 (cf. 26, 27; 2 × 5 stereogenic units) and the silyl-protected dihydroxy ketone derivative 11 (cf. 34, 35; 3 stereogenic units). These two intermediates almost statistically were subjected to aldol coupling with relative topicity ul, using the Z-boron enolate of the ketone, to give the two C2-symmetrical and the asymmetric aldol (40a, b, c), one of which furnished the aglycone 8a upon acid-catalysed methanolysis (Fig. 1 and 2, NMR spectra). The diastereoselective key steps, by which three of the six new asymmetric carbon atoms are created, are α-alkylations of β-hydroxy ester or lactone alkoxide-enolates (malic acid → 12 and 15 → 16 in the dialdehyde synthesis, hydroxybutanoic acid → 29 in the ketone preparation).
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