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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 34 (1988), S. 753-762 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A general physical model of a typical batch extraction system employing liquid surfactant membranes is developed. The model takes into account the continuous-phase resistance and the interfacial resistance along with permeation through a composite emulsion globule. It also quantifies the loss in extraction efficiencies by leakage of the encapsulated phase due to membrane breakage. The physical model is easily adapted to apply to the case of transport facilitation wherein the solute is reacted in the internal phase to yield products incapable of permeating through the membrane phase. Experimental data on o-chlorophenol extraction are satisfactorily correlated with the model.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: monoclonal antibody ; glycosylation ; cell culture ; fed-batch ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Many mammalian cell fed-batch processes rely on maintaining the cells in a viable and productive state for extended periods of time in order to reach high final concentrations of secreted protein. In the work described herein, a nonamplified NSO cell line was transfected with a vector expressing a recombinant human anti-HIV gp 120 monoclonal antibody (Mab) and a selectable marker, glutamine synthetase. A fed-batch process was developed which improved product yields tenfold over the yields reached in batch culture. In this case, the clone was cultured for a period of 22 days and produced 0.85 g Mab/L. To gauge the effect of extended culture lifetime on product quality, biochemical characteristics of MAb isolated from different time points in the fed-batch culture were determined. The apparent molecular weight of the MAb was constant throughout the course of the culture. Isoelectric focusing revealed four major charged species, with a fifth more acidic species appearing later in the culture. The antigen binding kinetics were constant for MAb isolated throughout the culture period. Glycosylation analysis, on the other hand, revealed that MAb produced later in the culture contained greater percentages of truncated N-acetylglucosamine and highmannose N-glycans. Possible contributions to this underglycosylated material from either cell lysis or synthesis from noviable cells were found to be negligible. Instead, the viable cells appeared to be secreting more truncated and high mannose MAb glycoforms as the culture progressed. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 25 (1987), S. 1655-1665 
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Results of crystallization kinetics study and x-ray diffraction are in good agreement with our previous rheological and mechanical results. Poly(arylene ether ketones), which are modified by sulfur at concentrations below approximately 2% by weight, have higher crystallization rates owing to the decrease in molecular weight caused by chain scission and/or the presence of sulfur that acts as a nucleating agent. However, all the observed differences in mechanical properties can be rationalized only by the nucleation effect of the sulfur. Upon aging of the sulfur-modified samples, cross linking occurs, leading to decreases in crystallization rates.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 26 (1984), S. 105-120 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We present a method for the computation of cohesive and structural properties of solids. The method is based on a local orbital description of the wave functions, an ab initio pseudopotential construction for the ion-core potential, and a local density treatment of exchange and correlation energies. Key elements of the method include the direct computation in real space of all the matrix elements, a noniterative evaluation of the total energy, and the transferability of the total electronic potential. The combination of these elements allows an accurate, yet less complex, treatment of a wide variety of systems. We shall illustrate the method by considering several prototypical systems: the diamond crystal, the diamond (111) surface, the silicon crystal, and the molybdenum crystal. With respect to the bulk crystalline properties, i.e., the cohesive energy, the lattice constant, the bulk modulus, etc., we obtain state of the art agreement with experiment. With respect to the diamond surface, we have considered several models for the reconstructed 2 × 1 surface. Of the models considered, we find only the undimerized π-bonded chain reconstruction has a total energy lower than the relaxed 1 × 1 surface.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 24 (1997), S. 1225-1245 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: free surface flow ; unstructured triangular mesh ; Roe's matrix ; upwind finite volume method ; Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A 2D, depth-integrated, free surface flow solver for the shallow water equations is developed and tested. The solver is implemented on unstructured triangular meshes and the solution methodology is based upon a Godunov-type second-order upwind finite volume formulation, whereby the inviscid fluxes of the system of equations are obtained using Roe's flux function. The eigensystem of the 2D shallow water equations is derived and is used for the construction of Roe's matrix on an unstructured mesh. The viscous terms of the shallow water equations are computed using a finite volume formulation which is second-order-accurate. Verification of the solution technique for the inviscid form of the governing equations as well as for the full system of equations is carried out by comparing the model output with documented published results and very good agreement is obtained. A numerical experiment is also conducted in order to evaluate the performance of the solution technique as applied to linear convection problems. The presented results show that the solution technique is robust. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 30 (1985), S. 3515-3517 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 32 (1986), S. 5933-5943 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Elemental sulfur has been used to crosslink poly(arylene ether ketone)s. Evidence for crosslinking is presented in terms of rheological data of the melt. The effects of crosslinking on mechanical properties have been examined using tensile creep, stress-relaxation, and dynamic-mechanical properties in torsion. The crosslinking elevates the glass transition temperature (Tg), as measured by the maximum in the loss tangent, and reduces creep strain at temperatures above Tg. A new technique for monitoring cure is also presented. One of the advantages of this method for crosslinking poly(arylene ether ketone)s is that the crosslinking can be carried out both in the solid state and in the melt, the rate being dependent on the temperature (above Tg) of annealing.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 12 (1978), S. 1241-1259 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The node Admittance matrices for Water Networks are normally sparse and symmetrical. Advantage may be taken of these properties to reduce the amount of computational time and memory required to solve them. Two node reordering algorithms and an economic system of storing input data are described. The node reordering algorithms minimize the number of fill-ins which would occur in the solution of the node admittance matrix. Only non-zero elements are stored and operated on. Subroutines for the node reordering algorithms and storge of input data, written in FORTRAN IV are included.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 12 (1978), S. 1261-1277 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A computer program for Water Network analysis has been developed usingy sparse matrix techniques for solution. The method used is the successive linearization method where the set of equations [Q]=[Y][H] is solved. In the process, two subroutines for node reordering to preserve sparsity of the Jacobian matrix and a subroutine for solving the matrix by the Doolittle method are included. The method is user oriented and requires a minimum amount of input data and effort. Networks of up to 200 nodes and 300 pipes may be analysed on an IBM 1130 computer with 16K words of memory.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering 13 (1997), S. 33-46 
    ISSN: 1069-8299
    Keywords: advancing front ; tetrahedrization ; inverse-power interpolation ; triangular Bezier patches ; Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The paper deals with the discretization of any given multi-connected volume into a set of tetrahedral elements. A simple but robust tetrahedrization scheme based on a two-stage advancing front technique is presented. The method evolves from the triangulated domain bounding surfaces for which geometry representations are derived from triangular Bezier patches. Tetrahedral elements are then generated which fill the domain volume based on the set of distributed interior nodes. A new and efficient procedure is introduced for the distribution of the mesh interior nodes which uses an inverse-power interpolation technique. The proposed scheme is robust in that it is capable of tetrahedrizing a given arbitrary domain of any degree of irregularity, and allows the distribution of its interior nodes to be specified by the user. Results are presented typical of those which might be encountered in hydrodynamics modelling involving flows with a free surface. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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