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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biospecific adsorption of lysozyme onto monoclonal antibody ligand immobilized on nonporous silica particles (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 34 (1989), S. 467-477 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: It is very important to understand the equilibrium and dynamic characteristics of biospecific adsorption (affinity chromatography) for both scientific and application purposes. Experimental equilibrium and dynamic column data are presented on the adsorption of lysozyme onto antibody immobilized on nonporous silica particles. The Langmuir model is found to represent the equilibrium experimental data satisfactorily, and the equilibrium association constants and heats of adsorption have been estimated for two systems with different ligand densities. The effects of nonspecific interactions are more pronounced in the system with low-density ligand. The dynamic interaction kinetic parameters are estimated by matching the predictions of a fixed-bed model with the experimental breakthrough curves. The agreement between theory and experiment is good for the initial phases of breakthrough, where the mechanism of biospecific adsorption is dominant. In the later phase (saturation neighborhood) of breakthrough, the effects of nonspecific interactions appear to be greater in the low-density ligand system. The kinetics of the nonspecific interactions were estimated from the data of the later phase of breakthrough and were found to be considerably slower than those attributed to biospecific adsorption.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260340406
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of the Size Distribution of Boron Powders as Measured by Malvern Diffractometer and Coulter Counter (1988)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 5 (1988), S. 116-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Aspects of measuring the particle size distribution and median diameters of fine boron powders have been investigated. It has been demonstrated that high concentrations, typically 20 w/o, of wetting agent are necessary in a predispersion stage, especially if the material has a wide range of particle size. Measurements were made with both Coulter counting and a light scattering technique from which it has been demonstrated that for particles of median diameter in the range 10-30 μm, the latter oversizes with respect to the former by as much as 30%.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19880050303
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new stabilizing index to correlate foam height (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 599-600 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210327
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Turbulence and surface renewal at the clean surface of a stirred vessel (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 502-504 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300327
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of the surface ages of water jets (1978)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 24 (1978), S. 524-530 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Experimental values of the surface velocities vs of water jets have been obtained by high speed flash cine photography of talc particles on the surfaces of both laminar and turbulent jets. Values of the surface ages as defined variously by Defay and Hommelen (1958), Hansen (1964), and Harper (1973) have been obtained from our data for both pure water and for dilute solutions of surface active agents.We find, by comparison with published entry length corrections for gas absorption, that x/vs gives the most reasonable age of the surface at any distance x along a jet of pure water.If a surface active agent is present in the water, the amount of adsorption of a few millimeters downstream from the nozzle is of the order ten times greater than calculated for laminar jets and five to six times greater than calculated for turbulent jets at Ren = 18 800. This we ascribe to liquid circulation in the jet adjacent to the nozzle, caused by the Marangoni surface flow, which also reduces vs significantly.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690240318
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Turbulence phenomena at free surfaces (1972)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 18 (1972), S. 169-173 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Gas absorption by eddies at the free surface of a strongly turbulent liquid is interpreted quantitatively in terms of the Levich approach. The mass transfer coefficient is calculated to vary as Re to a relatively high power (1.3 to 1.5).Experiments on free turbulent jets of liquids in gas are in general accord with this theory. For turbulent films of liquids flowing over large roughness elements in “wake-interference” flow, the turbulence is anomalously efective in promoting gas absorption.Traces of surface-active agents suppress the surface renewal. This is analyzed theoretically: the results compare favorably with gas-absorption for stirred cells and flow experiments over smooth plates. For “wake-interference” flow over rough plates, the reduction in the rate of gas absorption by surface-active material is more pronounced than predicted for ordinary turbulence. But even in the presence of a surface-active agent, the roughness still gives an advantage in mass transfer rates as compared with smooth plates.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690180131
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An Alternative Synthesis of [Pd2Cl2(μ-dmpm)2] (1992)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 334 (1992), S. 34-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 0941-1216
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A new, high yield synthesis of [Pd2Cl2(m̈-dmpm)2] (dmpm = bis(dimethylphosphino)methane), which avoids the use of the ill-defined, polymeric substance [PdCl(CO)]n as a starting material, is described. The procedure involves ligand metathesis of [Pd2Cl2(m̈-dppm)2] (dppm = bis(diphenylphosphino) methane) with dmpm using a solvent in which both [Pd2Cl2(m̈-dppm)2] and [Pd2Cl2(m̈-dmpm)2] are only sparingly soluble. Yields of 〉 98% are routinely obtained.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19923340106
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The bone-titanium interface in vitro (1990)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 24 (1990), S. 1289-1306 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Commercially pure 5-mm-diameter titanium (cpTi) discs received droplet inoculations of cells derived from rat bone marrow and were maintained in supplemented culture medium for 2-3 weeks. The cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) were processed for observation by light (LM), scanning (SEM), and transmission electron (TEM) microscopy. The latter was achieved by freeze-fracturing the solid metal from the resin-embedded tissue using a method which preserved the interface. Surface staining of whole discs revealed cells separated from the metal substratum by areas of ECM which stained positively using von Kossa's method to identify mineralization. At SEM, the ECM comprised dense interwoven collagen fiber networks which were partially obscured by globular masses (GMs). Individual GMs were associated with collagen fibers, especially at fiber intersections. EDAX line scan analysis confirmed the presence of Ca and P in these areas which were assumed to be spheritic foci of calcification since the Ca and P peaks diminished in areas which demonstrated only collagen fibers or the underlying cpTi. TEM examination confirmed the presence of globular mineralization and also revealed the presence of an interfacial zone between the metal substratum and the mineralized ECM elaborated by osteoblasts during the culture period. The interfacial zone comprised two layers, a bonding zone containing few collagen fragments and a ruthenium red positive layer containing more densely packed collagen fibers. We believe that this is the first report of both the formation of bonelike tissue on solid titanium substrata in vitro and demonstration of an interface which bears close morphological similarities to that known to develop in vivo.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820241003
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Behavior of primary bone cells on characterized polystyrene surfaces (1993)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 27 (1993), S. 851-859 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Primary bone cells, isolated from the periosteally stripped calvariae of neonate rats, were cultured on 60Co γ-irradiation-sterilized bacteriologic-grade polystyrene that had been either surface treated with concentrated sulfuric acid or received further γ-irradiation treatments facilitated cell colonization of the polystyrene compared to those surfaces not treated in the laboratory. x-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed that the two treatments introduced different chemical groups onto the polymer surface and that cell adhesion was related to γ-irradiation in a dose-dependent manner. These results show that simple biologic assays, such as cell colonization, are not able to distinguish between differences in surface chemistry demonstrated by such a routinely employed surface analysis technique. Thus, there is a need to develop more sensitive biologic assays that provide functional information of a precision that can be correlated with subtle changes in substratum surface chemistry. Further, we argue that because cells isolated by tissue digestion using proteolytic enzymes respond more readily to changes in the surface chemistry of the substratum they colonize, compared to explanted cells; biologic assays designed for biomaterials testing must take into account changes effected in cell adhesion behavior by isolation procedures. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820270703
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interfacial behavior of PEO/PBT copolymers (polyactive®) in a calvarial system: An in vitro study (1994)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 28 (1994), S. 269-277 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Polyactive®, a polyethylene oxide/ polybutylene terephthalate (PEO/PBT) copolymer, has been reported to display bone-bonding behavior. Although a detailed description of the in vivo bone/ Polyactive® interface is available, the underlying bone-bonding mechanism is still largelyunknown. In this in vitro study, a calvarial envelope method has been adopted to reproduce the in vivo bone-bonding phenomenon and subsequently to obtain information on the biological effect of varying PEO/PBT segment ratios. The following PEO/PBT ratios were examined: 70/30, 60/40, 55/45, 40/60, and 30/70. Light microscopy (LM) and scanning (SEM), transmission (TEM), and backscatter electron microscopy (BSE), as well as X-ray microanalysis (XRMA), were employed. Within the period of analysis (3 weeks), an intimate contact between mineralized deposition and the 70/30, 60/40, and, to a lesser extent, the 55/45 surface was observed. Calcified areas developed within the surface of these PEO/BPT proportions during the culture period. Needle-shaped crystals from the mineralized tissue compartment and from calcified areas within the materials surface were intermingled at the interface, providing a morphologic continuity. A cellular layer was interposed with the mineralization front and the noncalcified 40/60 and 30/70 substrates. Apparently, the percentage of PEO is important for calcification within the near surface of the polymer. This relation is such that the highter the PEO content in PEO/PBT ratios, the more rapid the calcification is considered. The occurrence of material calcification is considered to be largely responsible for the subsequent interfacial interactions. The calvarial envelope culture method allows not only reproduction of the in vivo bone/Polyactive® interface, but also a relatively rapid differentiation within the range of PEO/PBT ratios. It was therefore concluded that this in vitrosystem is suitable for further studies toward a better understanding of the bone/Polyactive® interfacial composition and the underlying mechanisms. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820280218
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