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  • Springer Nature  (120)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (20)
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 13 (1973), S. 390-394 
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: The minimum surface strain required to induce crazing in polymethylmethacrylate and polystyrene in the presence of alcohols and n-heptane has been determined at various temperatures by bending strips of the polymers around formers of varying curvature and immersing them in the liquid reagents. For each polymer/liquid system the long-term crazing strain was independent of test temperature except within a single 30°C interval in which it decreased as the test temperature was raised. It was found that this temperature region corresponded to the glass-rubber transition of the given polymer when, after extended periods of immersion it had achieved equilibrium liquid sorption. This suggested that, in the crazing tests, a condition approximating to equilibrium sorption was being established at the craze tip and that crazing occurred on applying small strains in the presence of the liquids because of their plasticising effect.It was found that not only the plasticizing effect of the liquid environment but also the liquid molecule size influenced the crazing strain; the larger-molecule liquids caused lower long-term crazing strains than did the smaller-molecule liquids.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 163 (1980), S. 99-133 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Study of the visceral anatomy of 41 specimens of amphisbaenians representing 13 genera shows that they share a very distinct structure which differs from that found in either snakes or typical lizards. The left lung is large while the right is rudimentary or absent (unique); the kidneys are freely suspended in the coelom by a mesentery (unique); the spleen is usually embedded in the anterior end of the pancreas (as in snakes); the gall bladder lies in a notch in the liver, and the kidneys lie opposite each other (as in lizards). The distinctness of this pattern supports the recognition of the Amphisbaenia as a separate suborder of the Squamata.
    Zusätzliches Material: 28 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 18 (1974), S. 245-255 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Polystyrene test pieces broken by flexure in the presence of n-propanol and other alcohols have been examined by scanning electron microscopy. Two regions on the fracture surface are observed; a narrow band near to the tension surface corresponds to fracture through a solvent craze, but the remainder of the surface is identical to fracture surfaces produced in air. The solvent-crazed region has a cellular structure decreasing in scale toward the tip of the craze. An explanation of these features is offered in terms of the changing conditions of stress and solvent content ahead of the growing craze.
    Zusätzliches Material: 11 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 18 (1974), S. 857-865 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Polystyrene has been fractured in tension at two temperatures in n-heptane and n-propanol and the fracture surfaces studied by optical and scanning electron microscopy. The test temperatures were selected such as to be approximately 20°C above and below the temperatures at which it was expected1 that a glass-to-rubber transition would occur in the solvent-penetrated craze material. It was found that features of the fracture process and also structure of the fracture surfaces were different at the two temperatures. These changes have been interpreted in terms of a Tg occurring in the craze material.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 5 (1963), S. 221-230 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: A process has been developed giving over-all yields of about 50%: which could be increased to about 80% with higher material costs and processing time. The preferred method of recovering nucleotides from the cytoplasm has been thermal extraction by means of a heat exchanger followed by filtration, protein precipitation, and carbon adsorption. The concentrated eluate from the carbon is absorbed onto Dowex 1 ion-exchange resin, and groups of nucleotides are removed by pH-defined eluents and recovered by a second carbon adsorption. Finally, standard ion-exchange resolutions have been used to recover individual nucleotides. Other biochemicals in the extract have been investigated, and preliminary work has been done on the combination of nucleotide extraction with the recovery of nucleic acids from the residual cells.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 18 (1974), S. 2211-2218 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Suspension and bulk-polymerized commercial polystyrenes have been fractured by cleavage and the resulting surfaces examined by optical and scanning electron microscopy. The method of styrene polymerization was found to influence the initiation and propagation of fracture, probably owing to the differing amounts of insoluble impurities remaining in the polymer. Various new aspects of the fracture morphology are described, and measurements of craze thickness by scanning electron microscopy are compared with values calculated from optical interference fringes.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 43 (1992), S. 483-491 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Corrosion and wear behaviour of materials for chemical engineeringIt has been estimated that 7.4 percent of all corrosion related failures are mechanically assisted (i.e. involve wear), and that such failure consume, or render useless, 37 million pounds of highly alloyed materials per year. Despite this, relatively little is known of the basic wear behaviour of alloys commonly used in the chemical processing industries, and little attention has been paid to the design of alloys for conditions involving simultaneous corrosion and wear.The objectives of this paper are three-fold. First, the various types of wear are described, and the alloy characteristics required to combat each of these types are discussed. Second, new wear data are presented for several alloys commonly used in the chemical processing industries. Third, a comparison is drawn between these well established materials and a newly introduced cobalt-based alloy designed specifically for corrosion/wear service.The conclusions of the paper are that hardness is a poor indicator of performance for most of wear, that the nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloys are considerably more resistant to cavitation erosion and galling than the austenitic and duplex stainless steels, and that the cobald-based alloy possesses exceptional resistance to slurry erosion, cavitation erosion, and galling.
    Notizen: Aufgrund von Schadensstatistiken sind etwa 7,4% aller korrosionsbedingten Schadensfälle auf die Mitwirkung mechanischer Faktoren, z.B. Verschleiß, zurückzuführen, und derartige Schäden vernichten z.B. in den USA jährlich Werte entsprechend 16 800 t hochlegierter Werkstoffe.Trotzdem ist über der Verschleißverhalten der in großen Mengen in der chemischen Verfahrenstechnik eingesetzten Werkstoffe verhältnismäßig wenig Grundsätzliches bekannt; gleichermaßen hat man der Entwicklung neuer, sowohl korrosions- als auch verschleißbeständiger Werkstoff bisher kaum Aufmerksamkeit geschenkt (eine Ausnahme ist die Rauchgasentschwefelung).Die vorliegende Arbeit hat drei Ziele: zunächst sollen die verschiedenen Verschleißarten beschrieben und die Eigenschaften erörtert werden, die einen Werkstoff gegen bestimmte Verschleißarten beständig machen. Danach werden für einige Werkstoffe der chemischen Verfahrenstechnik neue Verschleißdaten aufgeführt. Schließlich werden diese gängigen Werkstoffe mit einer neuen Kobaltbasislegierung verglichen, die gezielt für den Einsatz unter kombinierter Korrosions- und Verschleißbeanspruchung entwickelt worden ist. Die aus den vorgelegten Daten zu ziehenden Schlußfolgerungen zeigen,- daß die Härte ein den meisten Verschleißarten wenig geeignetes Kriterium für den Verschleißwiderstand ist,- daß Nickel-Chrom-Molybdän-Legierungen gegen Kavitationserosion und Haftverschleiß wesentlich beständiger als austenitische Stähle und Duplexstähle sind und- daß eine neue Kobaltlegierung gegen Erosion durch Suspensionen, gegen Kavitationserosion und gegen Gleitverschleiß hervorragend beständig ist.
    Zusätzliches Material: 14 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 30 (1992), S. 1195-1198 
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Schlagwort(e): free volume in glassy poly(arylene ether ketones)s ; glassy polymers, free volume in ; poly(arylene ether ketone)s, free volume in ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: Amorphous polyarylene ether ketones were examined in the glassy state by positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) and in the melt by standard rheological techniques. Specimens were well-characterized fractions of two isomeric structures. PALS clearly shows that the polymer with meta linkages in its backbone contains larger voids (〉 0.25 nm radius). Thus despite their similar bulk densities, the two materials must pack very differently on a local scale. On the other hand, the free volumes inferred from the WLF treatment of melt viscosity data are practically identical in both materials ca. 4% at Tg. The comparison between techniques sheds some light on the distribution of free volume. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 33 (1993), S. 56-62 
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: In the bulk, the nonlinear viscoelastic response of glassy polymers is due to the irreversible work done on the body by the surroundings. The source of the irreversibility is plastic flow of material near distributed shear bands or microcracks in the polymer. Shear bands and microcracks also form new traction free boundaries in the body. The presence of these new boundaries diminish the load bearing capacity of the polymer. These changes in polymer lattice structure are a mechanism that promotes the release of stored strain energy. If the release of stored strain energy is stress controlled, then at sufficiently high levels of stress to cause a permanent structural arrangement of the polymer chains, polycarbonate and LaRC-TPI behave as nonlinear viscoelastic materials. If the current stress is less than the maximum stress the polymer has experienced, then the current energy release rate for the propagation of shear bands, crazes, etc., is less than the critical energy release rate. In this instance, damage production is a constant and the material can be modeled using linear viscoelasticity. It will be shown that the stress-induced nonlinear shift factors are a measure of the rate of damage production in glassy polycarbonate.
    Zusätzliches Material: 18 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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