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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Economics as ethics: Bastiat's nineteenth century interpretation (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of business ethics 12 (1993), S. 57-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0697
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Philosophy , Economics
    Notes: Abstract Frederic Bastiat was an influential economic writer of the middle 1800s. In his work,Economic Sophisms (1848), Bastiat proposed a dual system of ethics, containing economic ethics and religious ethics. Bastiat first described the tendency of individuals toward “plunder” as a means of satisfying their economic needs. Men, he held, could work and produce what they needed by toil, but history had shown that men preferred to take what they could from others who had toiled. Bastiat identified two main types of plunder — force and fraud. Bastiat held that appeals made by philosophers over the centuries had done little to stop plunder. He believed that the best way to reduce physical and moral aggression was by educating individuals to the harmful effects caused by violent and fraudulent behavior. Thus, Bastiat proposed two systems of ethics — economic ethics and religious ethics. Under his system of economic ethics, Bastiat suggested that the recipients of maleficent actions could be stimulated to resist the actions when they were made aware of the true social costs caused by the oppressors. Under his system of religious ethics, Bastiat thought that the perpetrators of maleficent actions could be dissuaded from performing the actions by appealing to their sense of justice and morality.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01845787
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Attractancy toOryzaephilus surinamensis (L.), saw-toothed grain beetle, of extracts of carobs, some triglycerides, and related compounds (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 9 (1983), S. 357-374 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Oryzaephilus surinamensis ; saw-toothed grain beelte Coleoptera ; Silvanidae ; attractant ; carobs ; Ceratonia siliqua ; triglycerides ; breakdown ; volatiles
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A laboratory method has been devised for testing the attractancy of vapors to adultOryzaephilus surinamensis (L.). Of four solvent extracts prepared from pods of the carob tree [Ceratonia siliqua (L.)], all attractedO. surinamensis, but the least polar extract was the most active. Subdivision of extracts yielded a series of fractions, the most attractive of which contained a mixture of triglycerides with three or more double bonds per molecule. Twelve authentic triglycerides, either synthesized or purchased, elicited responses ranging from high to very low attractancy in a way which appeared to be related to the number, position, and geometrical shape of the double bonds in the molecules. By studying the response of the insects to five glyceride acids, three aldehydes, and three volatile fatty acids, it has been shown that it may be possible to explain the attractancy attributed to the triglycerides, which are involatile, in terms of the response to their volatile breakdown products.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00988455
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Volume regulation in the coelomocytes of the blood wormGlycera dibranchiata (1977)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 117 (1977), S. 303-311 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-136X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Median volumes ofin vitro coelomocyte populations fromGlycera dibranchiata rapidly change in response to external differences of osmotic pressure (Fig. 3). Fifty per cent haemolysis occurred in just under 30% sea water, 285 mOSm·kg−1. Hydraulic conductivities (Lp=0.92 to 2.78×107 cm×s−1·atm−1) calculated from rates of osmotic swelling were similar to values for sea urchin eggs and squid axons. Coelomocytes show a slower partial return to their original volumes in hypotonic but not hypertonic media. This asymmetry is reflected in Ponder's R values of 0.787 and 0.987, respectively, determined after this regulatory phase is complete (Figs. 4 and 5). Evidence for an irreversible stress dependent leakage of osmotically active solutes when the coelomocytes are removed from the animal and diluted with sea water is presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00691556
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Three-dimensional structure of lung elastin demonstrated by scanning electron microscopy/stereo-pair images (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 29 (1994), S. 254-261 
    Details
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Keywords: TEM ; Formic acid ; Alkali ; Freeze-drying ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: The aim of this study was to expose the inflated 3-D structure of lung elastin. Formic acid digestion followed by freeze-drying unveiled the lamellar framework. The 3-D structure of elastin was well preserved within the alveolar septa and ducts, as demonstrated by scanning electron microscopy/stereo-pair photography. Elastin fibers are seen in the alveolar septa, which are continuous with the lamellae. The removal of collagen fibers and cells by formic acid was visualised as a function of time: The optimum was 48 hours. Transverse sections still retained some collagen fibrils and partially digested cells in addition to elastin as shown by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Forme acid digestion followed by critical point drying caused damage to the lamellar structures and they appeared to collapse. Sodium hydroxide digestion combined with freeze-drying did not preserve the 3-D lamellar structure of elastin, but converted it into flat ribbonlike bands. The main structures remaining following alkali treatment were identified by TEM as collagen fibrils well preserved in their original locations. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1070290312
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biodegradation and biocompatibility of a guided tissue regeneration barrier membrane formed from a liquid polymer material (1998)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 42 (1998), S. 303-311 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: biodegradable barrier films ; canine periodontal defects ; rabbit subcutaneous implants ; mass loss ; polymer degradation rate ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Biodegradable barrier films were made by coagulating a solution of poly(DL-lactide) in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone on porous polyethylene pads wetted with saline solution. The semisolid films were cut into 10 × 10 mm barriers and implanted subcutaneously in rabbits. At monthly intervals, the polymer implant sites were compared histologically to those implanted with USP negative control plastic. The polymer films were retrieved from the surrounding tissue, dried, weighed, and the changes in molecular weight determined using gel permeation chromatography. The molecular weight of the polymer decreased at a relatively constant rate over 5 months; however, no significant mass loss occurred until 5 months postimplantation. Also, no distinct histological differences were noted between the polymer barrier and the control plastic sites until 6 months when histiocytes and multinucleated giant cells showed a modest increase around fragmented polymer films. Similar barrier films also were fitted over naturally occurring buccal dehiscence defects in beagle dogs and the tissue sites compared histologically at 6 months to sham-operated control sites. New bone and dense connective tissues closely approximated segments of the remaining polymer and demonstrated the biocompatibility of the biodegradable films. Histomorphometric analyses of treated sites compared to sham controls showed that the polymer barrier is effective in promoting bone and cementum regeneration in periodontal defects in dogs. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 42, 303-311, 1998.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An alkali digestion method to expose connective tissue fibers: A scanning electron microscopy study of rat lung (1991)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Electron Microscopy Technique 19 (1991), S. 486-490 
    Details
    ISSN: 0741-0581
    Keywords: Alveoli ; SEM ; Stereo pair images ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: Alkali digestion has been used to remove cellular elements of tissues thus exposing the underlying connective tissue framework. We studied the action of this severe alkali treatment on the delicate tissues of rat lung. The lungs of male Sprague-Dawley rats were perfused with saline to remove blood and then inflated by fixation through the airways at 20 cm pressure. Sections of lung 2 × 5 × 5 mm were immersed in 2.5 M NaOH at 25°C for 6 h, 16 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h. The alkali was changed daily. Tissues were washed to neutral with water (24 h), treated with tannic acid (1%, 3h), post-fixed with osmic acid (1%, 3 h) and processed for SEM. At 6 h, epithelial cells started to peel off the alveolar surface. At 16 h the digestion process was well advanced. At 48 h the cells were completely removed revealing the lattice network of connective tissue fibers within the alveolar surface. The method allows the complete removal of cellular elements of the lung while retaining the very fine 3D structure of the connective tissue matrix.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1060190411
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  • 7
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    Survival and Density of a Dominant Fish Species Across a Gradient of Urbanization in North Carolina Tidal Creeks (2019)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-11
    Print ISSN: 1559-2723
    Electronic ISSN: 1559-2731
    Topics: Geography
    Published by Springer
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  • 8
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    Optoacoustic generation of high frequency sound for 3-D ultrasonic imaging in medicine (2008)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-01-01
    Print ISSN: 1951-6355
    Electronic ISSN: 1951-6401
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Springer
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  • 9
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    Economics as ethics: Bastiat's nineteenth century interpretation (1993)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0167-4544
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-0697
    Topics: Philosophy , Economics
    Published by Springer
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