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  • Wiley-Blackwell  (137)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study of polymer-polymer complex formation involving phenolic copolymer, non-ionic polymers, and polyelectrolytes (1991)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 184 (1991), S. 99-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Aus einem phenolischen Copolymeren bekannter Zusammensetzung und verschiedenen nicht ionischen Homopolymeren (PVP, PEO, PVA) sowie Polyelektrolyten wie PAA und PEI wurden in Lösung Mehrkomponenten-Interpolymerkomplexe hergestellt. Die Bildung dieser Komplexe wurde mit verschiedenen Methoden, wie Viskosimetrie, Potentiometrie, Konduktometrie und IR-Spektroskopie untersucht. Es wird ein Schema zur Erklärung der Art der Wechselwirkung zwischen den verschiedenen Polymerkomponenten vorgeschlagen.
    Notes: Multicomponent interpolymer complexes have been prepared by interacting a phenolic copolymer of known composition with several non-ionic homopolymers, e.g., PVP, PEO, PVA and polyelectrolytes, such as PAA and PEI. The formation of these complexes has been studied by several techniques, such as viscometry, potentiometry, conductometry, and IR spectra. A scheme has been presented to explain the mode of interaction of the various component polymers.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1991.051840109
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dissociation behaviour of some mixtures of synthetic phenolic oligomers in nonaqueous media (1978)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 179 (1978), S. 1031-1039 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Some phenolic oligomers of uniform structure, molecular weight, and with additional functional groups have been prepared by stepwise synthesis. These synthetic novolaks when mixed in various molecular proportions resemble p-cresol formaldehyde condensation polymers. A study has been made on the titration curves of the mixtures of synthetic compounds in nonaqueous media. A large number of breaks have been observed in the titration curves, and they occur in simple multiples of the calculated amount of base required to neutralize each acidic group in the various novolak molecules independently. An attempt has been made to interpret some of these observations in terms of intramolecular hydrogen bonding, ion-association, and homoconjugation.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1978.021790417
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interpolymer complex between poly(ethylene oxide) and poly(acrylic acid): Viscometric studies in THF-water mixturesDedicated to Prof. W. Kern on his 75th birthday (1982)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 183 (1982), S. 481-487 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Systematic studies were performed on interpolymer complex formation between Poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) in THF-water mixtures of different compositions. Viscosity behaviour during complex formation in mixed solvents was found to be entirely different from that observed by other workers in aqueous and in pure organic solvents. The result are interpreted in terms of, (a) preferential solvation of the polymer, (b) Probable change in conformation of the polyelectrolyte moleculer. (c) association of complex molecules in a medium of low dielectric constant, and (d) expected disordering of bound water molecules around PEO by THF. Irrespective of solvent composition, interpolymer complex of PAA and PEO was always found to have 1:1 unit mole ratio.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1982.021830217
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Closure equations for single and multiple reactions in a CSTR (1991)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 37 (1991), S. 277-280 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690370215
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An infinite series solution for the creeping radial entrance flow of a newtonian fluid (1993)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 39 (1993), S. 1563-1568 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690390915
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Borieren. Von Alfred Graf von Matuschka. VIII, 92 S., 66 Abb.,20 Tab., Carl Hanser Verlag München, Wien 1977. Brosch.DM 32,-ISBN 3-446-12462-4 (1978)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 29 (1978), S. 851-851 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19780291220
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of equilibrium and individual rate constants for subtilisin-catalyzed transesterification in anhydrous environments (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 40 (1992), S. 1069-1077 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: enzymes ; organic solvents ; mechanism ; subtilisin ; microscopic rate constants ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: We report here the first determinations of individual rate constants and equilibrium constants for enzymatic reactions in essentially anhydrous organic solvents. Using the added nucleophile method we have measured the effect of changing solvent on the binding and catalytic steps for subtilisin-catalyzed transesterification of N-protected amino acid esters. The detailed information generated indicates that once the substrate has bound to the enzyme, the catalytic machinery can work at rates equivalent to those in water. The decreased overall rates for subtilisin suspended in anhydrous solvents are merely the result of extremely high values for Ks, in most cases, coupled with low concentrations of nucleophile (∼1.0M in organic solvents, and 55M in water). The method described, which is generally applicable, and straightforward experimentally, will, we believe, enable a clearer understanding of how changing solvent can predictably affect the activity and specificity of the enzyme. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260400910
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sulfur group analysis in unaccelerated vulcanization of natural rubber (1965)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 9 (1965), S. 1395-1417 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The reaction of lithium aluminum hydride forming mercaptan with disfulfides and mercaptan as well as hydrogen sulfide with polysulfides has been applied in order to characterize the structure of the crosslinks in the case of unaccelerated vulcanization of natural rubber with sulfur. The mercaptans formed were determined amperometrically, and the hydrogen sulfide was determined as cadmium sulfide. These measurements, coupled with the estimation of total crosslinks as measured by swelling, provide valuable information as to the distribution f different crosslinks (monosulfide, polysulfide, cyclic structures, etc.) in the vulcanizate. When extended to compounds of different sulfur concentrations (2.92-33.9%) these studies show how the distribution of different linkages changes with sulfur concentration from compositions corresponding to soft rubber to those corresponding to hard rubber. The present study provides conclusive evidence that the long polysulfidic crosslinks first formed during vulcanization decrease in chain length as vulcanization progresses. Polysulfides also increase with the increasing sulfur content in the stock except in the range 6-10%. Monosulfidic crosslinks increase with increasing sulfur in the stock. In contrast to accelerated vulcanization, a high proportion of combined sulfur was found to be present in cyclic structures, and this increases with temperature of curing. These findings tally with the results of the earlier workers and have been explained with the present day ideas of the vulcanization reaction. Inaccuracies in the measurements and inherent limitations of the method were discussed.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1965.070090417
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of heterogeneous cellulose reactions. II. Reaction with propionyl chloride (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 11 (1967), S. 1387-1407 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A heterogeneous cellulose reaction was studied by reacting cotton fiber in pyridine medium with propionyl chloride at different initial molar concentrations and at different temperatures. It has been observed that the kinetics of reaction does not follow Sakurada's diffusion equation closely, and the deviation is more noticeable at lower initial concentrations of the reagent and at lower temperatures. A non-uniform reaction rate is also evident from the time-substitution curve. The rate of substitution changes twice during the reaction, the latter change being associated with the loss of cellulose I crystal structure. In an attempt to treat the data according to simple chemical kinetics, the order has been found to decrease continuously from the beginning, suggesting thereby an autocatalytic type of behavior. However, at the finàl stages of the reaction, when the cellulose I structure was completely lost, the reaction behaved as a pseudo first-order type. The x-ray diffractograms of the reacted samples indicate that cellulose I crystallinity decreases from the beginning of the reaction and that a new crystalline lattice develops gradually. The formation of this new crystal lattice is hindered in the cellulose crystalline region due to the lack of freedom of the chains. The diffusion equation has been modified by substituting a crystallinity index for the rate of diffusion of solvent in a solvent-gel system and thus extending Sakurada's equation. A new mechanism has been proposed considering the simultaneous reactions in the amorphous and crystalline regions. This mechanism can explain the deviation of Sakurada's equation. The kinetics expressions are derived, based on the proposed mechanism. The kinetics of decrystallization of cellulose I is also presented. A satisfactory theoretical explanation is given for the fact that the fall of reaction rate occurs at the conclusion of decrystallization of the cellulose I structure.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1967.070110803
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetic studies on the vulcanization reaction accelerated with 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (1964)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 8 (1964), S. 1667-1676 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Kinetic data for vulcanization of rubber with sulfur, accelerated with 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) are presented. The decrease in concentration of sulfur and MBT during vulcanization under various conditions of temperatures have been determined with a precise amperometric method developed by the authors. The order of reaction for disapperance of sulfur was found to be unity. The energy of activation and frequency factor were 28.8 kcal./mole and 4.0 × 1013, respectively. The kinetics of disapperance of MBT was also first-order, and the rate of reaction, energy of activation, as well as frequency factor were much lower than those for the disapperance of sulfur. The consumption of sulfur proceeded as long as any free sulfur was present in the sample, indicating that the consumption of MBT is closely tied up with the disapperance of sulfur. It was found that about 133 atoms of sulfur were consumed for the disappearance of one molecule of MBT. The mechanism of ring opening involving an attack by the accelerator radical as proposed by Gordon is supported by the present investigation.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1964.070080417
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