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  • Wiley-Blackwell  (362)
  • 1995-1999
  • 1965-1969  (362)
  • 1950-1954
  • 1969  (362)
Collection
Years
  • 1995-1999
  • 1965-1969  (362)
  • 1950-1954
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 3 (1969), S. 497-528 
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: The influences of conditioning treatments and surface topography on the heparin adsorptivity and the thromboresistance of a high-strength, impermeable, isotropic, pyrolytic carbon were investigated. The results of the adsorption studies indicate that the adsorption of heparin on such carbon surfaces is near the amount required for monolayer formation. The adsorbed heparin is rapidly elutriated in plasma. The heparin adsorption is not enhanced by a pretreatment with benzalkonium chloride. There was no relationship between the amount of heparin adsorbed on these materials and their compatibility with blood. Polishing, for example, which reduced heparin adsorption, enhanced the tromboresistance of these carbons, and while chemisorption of oxygen markedly reduced their thromboresistance, it did not influence the amount of heparin that could be adsorbed. In vivo tests showed that polished and outgassed, impermeable isotropic carbons deposited at low temperatures were significantly thromboresistant without the exogenous application of heparin. Examples of applications of these new materials in experimental valves are presented.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 81 (1969), S. 913-913 
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 9 (1969), S. 121-130 
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Attempts to use low-cycle fatigue techniques derived from the work of Coffin and Manson to predict the fatigue performance of six diverse structural plastics are discussed. Through an analysis of dynamic property and thermal behavior studies of polymer samples in reversed-tension fatigue, an improved model for the polymer fatigue process has been proposed. Laboratory test data are presented illustrating the relationship between the various models.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 11 (1969), S. 337-348 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Penicillin amidase was extracted from Escherichia coli ATCC 9637, grown on phenylacetic, acid and glutamate, and purified by fractional ion with streptomycin sulphate, ammonium sulphate and polyethylene glycol, followed by chromatography on DEAE-cellulose. The purification factor was 100-200 × and the overall yield was about 115%. The enzyme was chemically attached to derivatives of cellulose and the kinetics of these insolubilized penicillin amidase preparations was investigated.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 11 (1969), S. 647-681 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The presence of microorganisms have been shown to increase by over 40% the mass transfer rates from small oxygen bubbles at low Reynolds number flow. This increase was found to be due only to the microbe cells as inert particles disrupting the quasi-static liquid surface film surrounding the gas bubble and thus decreasing the gas-liquid interfacial resistance. The observed increase in oxygen mass transfer rates was not dependent on cell viability, no effect was noted due to cell-liquid interfacial resistance, nor was the phenomenon due to altering the physical properties of the liquid during cell propagation. These results were obtained in a unique plexiglass apparatus designed for observing under a microscope a small (0.4 mm dia.) stationary oxygen bubble collapsing into a flowing fluid. The oxygen bubble was injected by a small hypodermic needle and the fluid was suspensions of the yeast Candida intermedia, the bacterium Pseudomonas ovalis, 0.3μ alumina, as well as base points of cell free broth and pure water. Several well-known chemical inhibitors of oxidative phosphorylation were used to limit cell oxygen uptake. Calculations of oxygen mass transfer rates were compared with the semi-empirical model of Frössling, the circulating sphere model of Levich, and the rigid sphere concentration boundary layer model of Fried-lander, the latter two showing strong Reynolds number dependence that may be due to radial fluid motion.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 11 (1969), S. 775-783 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: With a chemostat culture, both the bacterial growth rate and the growth environment can be independently varied between wide limits. Changing the growth rate of Aerobacter aerogenes organisms (in either a glycerol-limited medium or a Mg2+-limited medium) affected the bacterial cell wall content; invariably slow growing organisms were smaller than faster growing ones and had a higher cell wall/biomass ratio. Changing the growth rate also influenced the composition of the walls but in this respect glycerol-limited organisms and Mg2+-limited organisms behaved differently. Thus, whereas increasing the growth rate of glycerol-limited cultures caused the cell wall 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonic acid (KDO) and heptose contents to increase progressively, with Mg2+-limited cultures they decreased. Furthermore, although KDO and heptose are both components of the lipopolysaccharide layer, their ratio varied with growth rate, and with the nature of the growth-limitation, indicating changes in the lipopolysaccharide composition. These results are discussed with particular reference to the influence of environment on cell wall content and composition, and the use of continuous culture for the production of bacterial vaccines.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 13 (1969), S. 1447-1458 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Fractional crystallization was used to separate a commercial, predominatly isotactice, unstabilized polypropylene into fractions of relatively low and relatively high atacticity, but of similar molecular weight. IR spectroscopy was used to follow the photo-oxidations of films formed from these fractions during irradiation in air with light of wavelengths greater than 3000 À. The major oxidation products included hydrogenbond hydroperoxides and carbonyl compounds. Films of constant tacticity, but varying morphology were prepared by quenching from the melt. No distinct correlation was found between sample photostability and morphology, as indicated by film density. Films of low atactic content were found to undergo faster photo-oxidation than films of high atactic content, irradiated under identical conditions. This effect is believed to be due to the occurrence of a stereo-dependent step (or steps) in the oxidative chain, and not due to differences in sample morphology. The possible nature of the stereo-dependent steps is considered in terms of well-established oxidative chain processes. The effects of polypropylene polymorphism on oxygen permeability are briefly considered.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 74 (1969), S. 239-240 
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Assemblies of protein molecules represent a fundamental level of biological organization. The dynamic behavior of these systems-including both the assembly process and functional rearrangements-may be accounted for by the specificity of the protein interactions, which depend on environmental conditions. Analysis of the self-assembly of virus particles has established that the design of an ordered structure can be built into the specific bonding properties of the constituent proteins. Any structure which can change its state of organization is, by definition, polymorphic. The distinctive aspect of polymorphism in protein structures, contrasted with nonliving states of matter, is that the molecular design has been selected to carry out a function and that this function is part of an integrated system. The differences in molecular conformation and arrangement in all polymorphic structures-for example, allosteric enzymes or ice crystals-depend on the intrinsic interaction properties of the molecules themselves. The structures of ice and water illustrate relations between specificity and polymorphism which are relevant to the form and function of protein assemblies.Two types of polymorphism can be distinguished: modal polymorphism, which is externally moderated, as in phase transitions between different crystals forms; and positional polymorphism, which is internally moderated, as in the different disposition of identical molecules within a single crystal lattice. Positional polymorphism, exemplified by the quasi-equivalent bonding of icosahedral virus coat proteins and the different arrangement of myosin and paramyosin at the center and polar portions of the bipolar filaments, results from specific interactions that are not compatible with a strictly equivalent packing of identical molecules. The structural rearrangements in muscle contraction and the switching between the oxy and deoxy forms of hemoglobin represent the formation of different structures in response to altered external conditions. The different structural states of many protein assemblies are characterized by conserved connections which may be regarded as providing the framework for functional rearrangements. The types of polymorphism displayed by hemoglobin, virus, and muscle proteins demonstrate the relevance of the simple view that the function of a protein is determined by the potential structures it can form.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Fifty-eight polymers and other materials were evaluated for compatibility with human blood in an in vitro test system. Assays for platelet factor 3 activation, activation of the coagulation sequences, and release of hemoglobin and adenine nucleotides were performed on blood exposed to each of the 58 test materials. Of the materials tested, collagen, heparinized hydrin rubber, poly (methyl methacrylate), graphite-benzalkonium-heparin, poly (methyl acrylate), isotactic poly(methyl methacrylate), grafted poly (ethylene oxide) on poly (acrylic acid), balata rubber, L-1624 from 3M Co., and chlorinated poly (vinyl chloride) appeared most compatible with blood. Chemical affinities appeared to have little to do with blood compatibility of the materials tested. Electron microscopic examination of blood components adherent to selected test materials following exposure to blood was carried out. Each of the three polymers with “good” and the two polymers with “poor” blood compatibility characteristics which were examined by electron microscopy was coated with a thin unilaminar adsorbate from blood. Platelets and fibrin were focally deposited on this adsorbate. Of the test surfaces examined, only glass was covered by a trilaminar adsorbate. Mechanisms of formation of the adsorbates are discussed.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 365 (1969), S. 288-293 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: From WEISSENBERG photographs it was found that the needle-like crystals which are produced, on standing, from calcium polysulfide solutions (BUCHNERS crystals), have a rhombic unit cell: a = 14.67, b = 17.65 and c = 8.254 Å. From analysis, IR spectra, and the formula weight, as calculated from the density and cell volume, it would appear that the calcium polysulfide crystals are CaS5 · CaS2O3 · 6 Ca(OH)2 · 20 H2O.
    Notes: Die in der Literatur mehrfach beschriebenen nadelförmigen Kristalle, die man beim Stehenlassen von Calciumpolysulfidlösungen erhält (BUCHNERS Kristalle), kristallisieren nach Drehkristall- und Goniometeraufnahmen in einer rhombischen Elementarzelle: a = 14,67, b = 17,65 und c = 8,254 Å. Wie aus der Analyse, dem IR-Spektrum und dem aus Dichte und Zellvolumen abgeleiteten Formelgewicht hervorgeht, kommt den Calciumpolysulfidkristallen wahrscheinlich folgende verhältnismäßig komplizierte Zusammensetzung zu: CaS5 · CaS2O3 · 6 Ca(OH)2 · 20 H2O.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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