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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Drop-size distributions from pneumatic atomizers (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 17 (1971), S. 575-584 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A study was made of the atomizing characteristics of convergent-type pneumatic nozzles. Drop-size correlations were obtained for the following ranges: drop size, 6 to 350 μ, mass median diameter; mass flow ratio, 0.06 to 40; relative velocity, 250 ft./sec. to sonic velocity; and viscosity. 1 to 50 cp. The technique employed was to spray cool a molten wax, and melts of wax-polyethylene mixtures. The most important operating variables in pneumatic atomization are the dynamic force of the atomizing gas, and the mass flow ratio of air to liquid. The cumulative volume drop-size distribution of spray from a pneumatic nozzle was fitted by a modified logistic equation. Empirical correlations developed in the study can be used to design nozzles or to predict drop size for sprays produced by the types of nozzles studied. In particular, this study provides new experimental data on the performance of pneumatic atomizers in producing relatively large drops.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690170318
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diffusion in nickel oxide pellets-effects of sintering and reduction (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 670-678 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Diffusion rates were measured at 25°C and 1 atm by a steady state method in pellets of nonporous nickel oxide particles in order to determine the effects of sintering and chemical reduction. Sintering led to a striking decrease in diffusion flux; tortuosities above 100 were found for highly sintered (porosity 0.03) pellets. Reduction caused a sharp increase in diffusion rate when the original pellet was highly sintered. For an originally unsintered pellet the diffusion rate decreased with extent of reduction.These phenomena were explained quantitatively by using: (1) the random pore model to predict tortuosity factors for an unsintered, unreduced pellet, and (2) the extent of pore interconnections and the fractional reduction to treat the effects of sintering and reduction. In this way an approximate, predictive equation was derived which contained no arbitrary parameters and which required for application only data on porosity and extent of chemical reduction.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200407
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimal probability partial control of linear inventory systems (1970)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 16 (1970), S. 943-949 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Most processes have more storage levels to control than there are production rates for changing inventories, a situation known as partial controllability. Necessary and sufficient conditions under which all levels can be held within predetermined limits are presented. A control law maximizing the probability of satisfactory operation is developed, together with the computational steps required for its implementation. A simple numerical example is given.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690160614
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A mathematical model for heat transfer in a packed bed and a simplified solution thereof (1972)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 18 (1972), S. 623-627 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Heat transfer in packed beds can be mathematically modeled to account for the heat transfer between the particles and the gas phase, the conduction through the solid phase of particles, and the mixing or dispersion within the gas phase in the void structure of the porous media. To solve the resulting differential equations numerically is not easy. The solution for sinusoidal gas temperature input assumes linearity of the logarithm of the temperature with time. If, in addition, linearity with distance can be assumed, then the solution can be vastly simplified to finding the real root of a fourth-order algebraic equation.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690180324
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Derivate des Methylendioxybenzols, 38. Notiz über Redoxpotentiale substituierter 4,5-Methylendioxy-1,2-benzochinone (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 107 (1974), S. 2415-2417 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19741070727
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of polyperfluoroalkylenetriazines (1974)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 12 (1974), S. 1559-1564 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Four new s-triazine polymers were prepared by the mercury-induced coupling of bromodifluoromethyl-substituted ditriazinyl-perfluoroalkane derivatives. Each polymer was composed of CF3-substituted s-triazin rings alternately joined with —CF2CF2—segments and \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$\hbox{---}\hskip-5pt({\rm CF}_2 )_8 \hbox{---}$\end{document}, a mixture of —(CF3CFO(CF2)5OCF(CF3)— and —(CF3)CFOCF2CF(CF3)OCF2)4—, —CF2OCF2—, or —CF2SCF2—, segments. All polymers were elastomeric and displayed high temperature stability on thermogravimetric analysis. The polymers containing either —CF2OCF2— or —CF2SCF2— segments showed high temperature limits slightly lower than the other two systems.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1974.170120718
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new class of biodegradable polymers (1973)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Letters Edition 11 (1973), S. 731-735 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6384
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1973.130111201
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rheological properties of molten polymers. I. Homopolymer systems (1971)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 15 (1971), S. 1149-1162 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Experimental work has been carried out to investigate the influence of molecular weight distribution and long chain branching on both viscous and elastic properties of molten polymers, using a capillary rheometer, as described in a recent paper by Han. The materials used for the study are three high-density polyethylene samples of widely different molecular weight distributions and a low-density polyethylene containing much long-chain branching. For the analysis of the experimental data, and to obtain the information on the melt elasticity, the concept of the exit pressure recently advanced by Han is used. The study shows that the sample containing long-chain branching is much more elastic than the samples containing little or no long-chain branching, and that the broader the molecular weight distribution of the material, the more elastic the material is. These findings are in conformity with those reported in the literature. Also studied were blends of two high-density polyethylenes having widely different molecular weight distributions. The results of the blends systems show a maximum in melt viscosity as well as in elasticity for a certain blending ratio. The results of the present study may be of considerable interest to those who are concerned with modifying the structure of polymer and also with determining optimum processing conditions.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1971.070150511
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface morphology of polyethylene after treatment in a corona discharge (1971)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 15 (1971), S. 1357-1364 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Corona treatment of low-density polyethylene in oxygen or oxygen-containing gases produced bumps on the surface, while treatment in nitrogen, hydrogen, argon, or helium caused no detectable surface change. Bumps made by an oxygen corona increased in size with time and temperature of the treatment. The bumps were removed when a treated polymer sheet was dipped into solvents such as CCl4, ethanol, or 0.2% aqueous NaOH. Infrared analysis indicated that most of the oxidized layer was eliminated from the polymer surface by solvent dipping and that the degraded products contained a substantial proportion of —CH2— groups. It is suggested that the bumps are caused by the migration of low molecular weight degradation products to charged areas of the polymer surface.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1971.070150606
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on melt spinning. V. Elongational viscosity and spinnability of two-phase systems (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 18 (1974), S. 2589-2603 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Isothermal melt spinning experiments were carried out to investigate the elongational flow behavior and spinnability of polymer blends and a calcium carbonate-filled polypropylene. Blends chosen for study were mixtures of polystyrene (Dow Chemical, Styron 678) with high-density polyethylene (Union Carbide, DMDJ 4309), and mixtures of polystyrene (Dow Chemical, Styron 686) with high-density polyethylene (Union Carbide, DMDJ 4309). For the study, measurements were taken of the thread diameter by photographic techniques and of the thread tension by means of a Saxl tensiometer. These measurements were later used to determine the elongational viscosity of the material investigated. It was found that, in all the blends and filled systems investigated, the elongational viscosity decreases with elongation rate and that the relationship between the elongational viscosity and blending ratio is very complex. An attempt is made to offer explanations of the observed complicated relationship with the aid of microphotographs of fiber samples, which display the complexity of fiber morphology in two-phase systems. It was also found that there exists some correlation between the elongational viscosity and the maximum stretch ratio which may be considered as representing fiber spinnability.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1974.070180903
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