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  • Wiley-Blackwell  (58)
  • 1985-1989  (58)
  • 1920-1924
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 33 (1987), S. 1522-1532 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The Kinetics of the SO2-Na2CO3 reaction were studied at 353 to 413 K and atmospheric pressure with thermal gravimetric analysis data. Since the reaction is very fast, special precautions were taken to operate at conditions such that transport effects did not influence results. The data indicated that Na2SO3 was formed by two paths: direct reaction, and adsorption of SO2 followed by conversion of adsorbed SO2 to adsorbed CO2 and finally desorption to final product. Rate constants were evaluated for each step in the proposed mechanism. Product distribution predicted from the rate constants agreed well with the distribution calculated from the experimental data at temperatures from 353 to 413 K. At 413 K the results suggested a change in mechanism.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 339-342 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 32 (1988), S. 669-676 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A continuous production process of maltotetraose was investigated by using immobilized maltotetraose (G4)- forming amylase (1,4-α-D-glucan maltotetraohydrolase, EC3.2.1.60) from Pseudomonas stutzeri adsorbed on a macroporous hydrophobic resin. The maximum reaction rate was obtained at 55°C and the activation energy of hydrolysis by immobilized G4-forming amylase was calculated to be 8.45 kcal/mol. The maltotetraose yield was greatly influenced by the flow rate of substrate solution, its concentration, and the immobilized enzyme activity. The newly defined factor “specific space velocity” was successfully introduced to normalize the operating parameters. Using this factor, the immobilized enzyme reactor then can be simulated and the operating dynamics can be determined.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 33 (1989), S. 845-855 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The stability of immobilized maltotetraose (G4)-forming amylase (1,4-α-D-glucan maltoteraohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.60) from Pseudomonas stutzeri was investigated in both batch and continous processes. The inactivation process of the immobilized enzyme seemed to obey first-order kinetics, and the immobilized enzyme became more stable when coexisting with 20-30 wt % substrate and calcium ions. From intensive studies on the operational stability in the continuous process, the apparent half-life of G4 productivity in a constant-flow system was mainly affected by the reaction temperature, substrate concentration, and initial immobilized enzyme activity. A new factor, immobilized enzyme stability factor fs, was proposed to evaluate the half-life of the immobilized enzyme system.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 132 (1985), S. 169-185 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Polyoxyethylendiglykolsäuren (PEO-Säuren) mit zahlenmittleren Molekularge-wichten von Mn = 8 400 (Ia), 3 300 (Ic) wurden als anti-elektrostatische Materialien for Nylon-6 (Ny6)-Fasern benutzt. Die 2 und 5 Gew.-% der PEO-Säuren enthaltenden Mischfasern wurden stufenweise aus der Schmelze der Mischung bei 260°C versponnen. Die Verarbeitbarkeit der [as-spun] Filamente bezüglich Spinnen und Ziehen war etwas schlechter als die der Ny6-Kontrollfasern. Während des Spinnvorgangs kam es zur Blockkondensation von I und Ny6 durch Reaktion der jeweiligen Endgruppen. Die erhaltenen Blockcopolymeren waren in der Filamentmatrix in Form grob verteilter kugelförmiger Partikel enthalten, die Inselstrukturen bildeten. Die Fasern zeigten gute antistatische Eigenschaften. Ihre Leistungen sanken in der Reihenfolge la 〉 Ib 〉 Ic, was parallel zur Größe, nicht zur Zahl der Inselstrukturen war. Die Festigkeit der Fasern mit 2 Gew.-% Ia und Ib war mit denen der Kontrollfaser vergleichbar. Die an Geweben aus diesen Fasern untersuchte Färbbarkeit wurde kaum beeinflußt. Außerdem zeigte sich, daß die antistatischen Eigenschaften auch beim Färben und den darauf folgenden wiederholten Waschvorgängen nicht verlorengingen. Der Grund dafür ist, daß I durch die oben erwähnte Kondensationsreaktion kovalent and die Ny6-Fasermatrix gebunden vorliegt.
    Notes: Poly(oxyethylene) diglycolic acids (PEO acids) with average molecular weights of Mn = 8 400 (Ia), 3 300 (Ib), and 1 000 (Ic) were used as blending anti-electrostatic agents for nylon 6 (Ny6) fibres. The blended fibres containing 2.0 and 5.0 wt.-% of the PEO acids were successfully spun by the melt-blend spinning process at 260°C. Processabilities of the spinning and the drawing of the as-spun filaments were little deteriorated compared with those of the Ny6 control. During the spinning block condensation of I and Ny6 occurred by reaction of their mutual end-groups. The block copolymers produced were distributed in the filament matrix as coarsely dispersed spheres to form sea-island structures. These fibres showed good antistatic properties; their performances were in the order of Ia 〉 Ib 〉 Ic, which was parallel to the size, not the number, of the islands. The tensile properties of the fibres containing 2.0 wt.-% of Ia and Ib were comparable with those of the control. The dyeabilities examined for their knits were not seriously affected, either. In addition, it was indicated that the performance of antistatic property was not lost at all after the dyeing and the subsequent repeated washings. This is because I is anchored covalently to the Ny6 fibre matrix by the condensation above.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 138 (1986), S. 151-158 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Permeabilität von Alkalichloriden durch geladene Cellulosemembranen wurde bestimmt. Die geladenen Membranen wurden aus teilweise carboxymethylierter und carboxyethylierter Cellulose mit verschiedenen Substitutionsgraden hergestellt. Die Reihenfolge der Permeabilität wurde zu LiCl 〈 NaCl 〈 CsCl 〈 KCl bestimmt und auf die Verteilung und die Hydratation der Ionen zurückgeführt. Die Konzentrationsabhängigkeit der Permeabilität wurde durch die Teorell-Meyer-Sievers (TMS)-Theorie interpretiert. Die Effektivität der geladenen Gruppen in den Membranen wird durch die Bindung an das Gegenion erklärt.
    Notes: The permeation of alkali chlorides through charged cellulosic membranes was investigated. The membranes used were partially carboxymethylated and carboxyethylated cellulose with various degrees of substitution. The permeability coefficients were found to increase in a sequence of LiCl 〈 NaCl 〈 CsCl 〈 KCl. This sequence is explained by considering the partition and the hydration of the ions in these hydrophilic membranes. The dependence of the permeability on the salt concentration was interpreted by means of Teorell-Meyer-Sievers (TMS) theory. The effectiveness of the charged groups in the membranes is explained by the counterion binding mechanism.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 118 (1985), S. 1696-1708 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Darstellung und einige Reaktionen von Selen- und Tellur-bis(dithiocarboxylaten)Durch Umsetzung von Piperidinium- oder Natrium-dithiocarboxylaten 1 mit Natrium-seleno-oder -telluropentathionaten wurden die Selen- 2 und Tellur-bis(dithiocarboxylate) 3 dargestellt. Die orangefarbenen oder roten Kristalle sind thermisch stabil und nicht feuchtigkeitsempfindlich. Durch Umsetzung von 2 oder 3 mit Halogenen oder N-Chlor- oder N-Bromsuccinimid wurden Haloselen- 4, 5 und Halotellur-dithiocarboxylate 6-8 mit guten Ausbeuten erhalten. Die n →πast;-Übergänge der Thiocarbonylgruppen in 2-8 treten bei kleineren Wellenlängen auf (hypsochrome Verschiebung) als die der entsprechenden Bis(thioacyl)-trisulfide sowie Dithio- und Thionselenolester.
    Notes: A number of selenium- 2 and tellurium bis(dithiocarboxylates) 3 have been prepared by the reaction of piperidinium or sodium dithiocarboxylates 1 with sodium seleno- and telluropentathionates. The orange or red products are stable towards heat and moisture. It was found that 2 and 3 react with halogens and N-chloro- and N-bromosuccinimide to give the corresponding haloselenium- 4, 5 and halotellurium dithiocarboxylates 6-8 in good yields. The n →π* transitions of the thiocarbonyl groups in 2-8 are observed in a region of shorter wavelengths (hypsochromic shift) than those of the corresponding bis(thioacyl) trisulfides and dithio- and thioneselenol esters.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 32 (1987), S. 251-266 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Ionizing radiations generate in matter a large number of energetic electrons, which in turn collide with molecules in matter, produce ions and excited states, and thereby degrade in energy. The description of the consequences of many collision processes to the electrons and to matter is the goal of the electron degradation theory. We summarize the current understanding of this topic, which is important as a basis of radiation chemistry and biology. In addition, we present an initial report of our new work, namely, a generalization of the Spencer-Fano theory to time-dependent cases.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 821-830 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The total (elastic plus inelastic) intensities of 51 keV electrons scattered by water molecules have been measured over a range of 1 ≦ K = (4π/λ) sin(θ/2) ≦ 12 Å-1. A computer program, ELIC, has been written for calculating the total intensities of electrons scattered by free molecules. The intensities can be calculated with self-consistent field and configuration interaction wavefunctions. The theoretical intensities based on a CI wavefunction are in good agreement with the observed intensities.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Studien über die Bestandteile von Jateorhiza palmata Miers (Colombo-Wurzel), II. - Isolierung und Struktur von sechs neuen Furanoid-Diterpen-Glucosiden: Palmatosid B, C, D, E, F und GSechs neue als Palmatosid B(1), C(2), D(3) E(4), F(5) und G(6) bezeichnete Furanoid-Diterpen-Glucoside wurden aus der getrockneten Wurzel von Jateorhiza palmata Miers (Colombo-Wurzel) isoliert. Auf Grund von chemischen und spektroskopischen Beweisen wurden die Strukturen von 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 und 6 als 4-O-(β-D-Glucopyranosyl)chasmanthin, 4-O-(β-D-Glucopyranosyl)columbin, 4-O-(β-D-Glucopyranosyl)isocolumbin, 4-O-(β-D-Glucopyranosyl)isojateorin, 4-O-(β-D-Glucopyranosyl)jateorin, und [2S-(2α,4aα,6aβ,10aβ,10bα)]-2-(3-Furanyl)-6a-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxymethyl)-1,2,4a,5,6,6a,7,10,10a,10b-decahydro-10b-methyl-4H-naphtho[2,1-c]pyran-4,7-dion ermittelt.
    Notes: Six new furanoid diterpene glucosides, named palmatoside B(1), C(2), D(3), E(4), F(5), and G(6) were isolated from the dried roots of Jateorhiza palmata Miers (Colombo root). The structures were elucidated by chemical and spectroscopic evidence to be 4-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)chasmanthin, 4-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)columbin, 4-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)isocolumbin, 4-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)isojateorin, 4-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)jateorin, and [2S-(2α,4aα,6aβ,10bα,10bα)]-2-(3-furanyl)-6a-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxymethyl)-1,2,4a,5,6,6a,7,10,10a,10b-decahydro-10b-methyl-4H-naphtho[2,1-c]pyran-4,7-dione, respectively.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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