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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Food sterilization by electrical heating: Sensitivity to process parameters (1994)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 40 (1994), S. 888-898 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The design of efficient continuous sterilization equipment for flowing solid-liquid food mixtures requires that temperature and velocity distributions within the fluid are known. In electrical (ohmic) heating, electric current is passed through a two-sterilize it. This allows rapid sterilization of solid-liquid mixtures which minimizes quality loss. A computational process model simulates the effect of realistic physical property changes. The effect of variations in physical properties can have a significant effect on the temperature of the product and thus on its sterility. Realistic designs will have to cope with temperature differences between phases. Experimental data for velocities in a food flow have been incorporated into an enthalpy balance model for heat transfer in solid-liquid mixtures. The effect of inlet temperature on the length of hold tube required to give the necessary process sterility calculated shows the variation in output conditions that might results in real systems.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690400515
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of tyrosinase gene mutations using direct automated infrared fluorescence DNA sequencing of amplified exons (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 15 (1994), S. 159-164 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The ability to correctly diagnose the molecular cause of genetic diseases is becoming increasingly important in medicine. This requires an efficient method for the analysis of the DNA sequence of specific genes and the detection of mutations in affected individuals. We report a method to determine the mutations responsible for tyrosinase related albinism (OCA1) using a combination of polymerase chain reaction-single stranded conformational polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analysis and direct DNA cycle sequencing using fluorescently labeled oligonucleotides and an automated DNA sequencer based on infrared fluorescence technology. This method allows DNA from several individuals to be sequenced quickly and simultaneously so that the specific location of each mutation and the carrier status of family members can be determined.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.1150150127
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of network theory in the finite-element analysis of coupled thermo-electric fields (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Communications in Applied Numerical Methods 6 (1990), S. 61-66 
    Details
    ISSN: 0748-8025
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A possible alternative to the conventional way of modelling heat generation in the solution of coupled electric and thermal fields is presented. The numerical method presented uses a resistance network analogy and results in a 7% saving in computing time. An analytical formulation presented saves a further 4%. This will be important in the solution of large problems.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cnm.1630060110
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The thermodynamics and kinetics of the proton-transfer reactions between bromophenol blue and some aromatic amines in aprotic solution (1993)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 25 (1993), S. 169-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 0538-8066
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The equilibria and the stopped-flow kinetics of the reaction between the acid bromophenol blue (BPB) and several aromatic amines in toluene to form ion pairs have been investigated. Contrary to expectations, the rate of the proton-transfer increases with increasing activation enthalpy. This is explained in terms of the entropy of the transition state.The role of the electronic structure of the amine and of the solvent are discussed. Solvent effects were further investigated by comparing the activation parameters for the reaction between BPB and pyridine in chlorobenzene, toluene, and benzene. The solvent clearly plays a vital role in determining the rate of proton-transfer via the entropy of activation. The mechanism of the reaction (that proton-transfer is almost complete in the transition state, and is followed by amine migration and ring opening) is confirmed. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/kin.550250305
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