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  • 1
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    Ionospheric Disturbances Over the Indian Sector During 8 September 2017 Geomagnetic Storm: Plasma Structuring and Propagation (2021)
    Wiley-Agu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-26
    Description: The series of X and M class flares and associated coronal mass ejections that occurred on the first days of September 2017 induced significant perturbations on the low-latitude ionospheric electrodynamics. On 8 September in the Indian sector, the storm caused a severe modification of the equatorial electrojet (EEJ) with a consequent variation of the ionospheric structuring and dynamics. In our analysis, we propose an original method to isolate and identify EEJ variations from geomagnetic data and we detect the presence of equatorial plasma bubbles (EPB) from L-band total electron content (TEC) data in order to understand their movement. Our results provide evidence of independent EPBs appearance freshly generated and inherited from a migrating plasma structure. The EPB (or EPBs) occurring in the south of India is/are freshly generated just above the magnetic equator, and is/are likely triggered by the sudden increase of EEJ just before the local sunset, acting as a pre-reversal enhancement. The EPB appearing in the North-East Indian region is associated with a migrating structure, resulting in a northward movement with a velocity of about 650 m/s, possibly testifying the passage of a large-scale traveling ionospheric disturbance. The occurrence of severe post-sunset scintillations in the northeastern sector suggests a possible cascade process forming small-scale irregularities from the migrating EPB.
    Description: Published
    Description: e2020SW002607
    Description: 2A. Fisica dell'alta atmosfera
    Description: JCR Journal
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
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    Investigation of Ionospheric Small‐Scale Plasma Structures Associated With Particle Precipitation (2024)
    Wiley-Agu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-10
    Description: We investigate the role of auroral particle precipitation in small-scale (below hundreds of meters) plasma structuring in the auroral ionosphere over the Arctic. In this scope, we analyze together data recorded by an Ionospheric Scintillation Monitor Receiver (ISMR) of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals and by an All-Sky Imager located in Longyearbyen, Svalbard (Norway). We leverage on the raw GNSS samples provided at 50 Hz by the ISMR to evaluate amplitude and phase scintillation indices at 1 s time resolution and the Ionosphere-Free Linear Combination at 20 ms time resolution. The simultaneous use of the 1 s GNSS-based scintillation indices allows identifying the scale size of the irregularities involved in plasma structuring in the range of small (up to few hundreds of meters) and medium-scale size ranges (up to few kilometers) for GNSS frequencies and observational geometry. Additionally, they allow identifying the diffractive and refractive nature of fluctuations on the recorded GNSS signals. Six strong auroral events and their effects on plasma structuring are studied. Plasma structuring down to scales of hundreds of meters is seen when strong gradients in auroral emissions at 557.7 nm cross the line of sight between the GNSS satellite and receiver. Local magnetic field measurements confirm small-scale structuring processes coinciding with intensification of ionospheric currents. Since 557.7 nm emissions primarily originate from the ionospheric E-region, plasma instabilities from particle precipitation at E-region altitudes are considered to be responsible for the signatures of small-scale plasma structuring highlighted in the GNSS scintillation data.
    Description: Published
    Description: e2023SW003605
    Description: OSA3: Climatologia e meteorologia spaziale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
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    Multi‐Instrument Observations of Various Ionospheric Disturbances Caused by the 6 February 2023 Turkey Earthquake (2023)
    Wiley-Agu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: In this work, we investigate various types of ionospheric disturbances observed over Europe following the earthquake that occurred in Turkey on 6 February 2023. By combining observations from Doppler sounding systems, ionosondes, and GNSS receivers, we are able to discern different types of disturbances, propagating with different velocities and through different mechanisms. We can detect co-seismic ionospheric disturbances close to the epicenter, as well as ionospheric signatures of acoustic waves propagating as a consequence of propagating seismic waves. Unlike the vast majority of past ionospheric co-seismic disturbance studies that are primarily based on Total Electron Content variations, reflecting disturbances propagating around the F-region peak, the focus of the present study is the manifestation of disturbances at different ionospheric altitudes by exploiting complementary ionospheric remote sensing techniques. This is particularly highlighted through ionospheric earthquake-related signatures established as specific ionogram deformations known as multiple-cusp signatures which appear as additional cusps at the base of the F-region attributed to electron density irregularities generated by Rayleigh surface waves that generate acoustic waves propagating up to the ionosphere. Therefore this study underlines the advantage that multi-instrument investigations offer in identifying the propagation of earthquake-related ionospheric disturbances at different ionospheric altitudes and distances from the earthquake epicenter.
    Description: Published
    Description: e2023JA031691
    Description: OSA3: Climatologia e meteorologia spaziale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 4
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    Stepping Into an Equatorial Plasma Bubble With a Swarm Overfly (2024)
    Wiley-Agu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-30
    Description: ESA's Swarm constellation entered in a “overfly” configuration in the period between September and October 2021, when the longitudinal distance between the lower pair and the upper satellite was at its minimum since the launch of the spacecrafts. In addition, the local time of the nighttime tracks was favorable to detect and study the morphology of post-sunset equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs). In this study, we focus on the Swarm overfly occurring between 00:41 UT and 00:59 UT on 30 September 2021, which covered one of the most densely instrumented regions for the study of the ionospheric irregularities embedded in the EPBs: the South American sector. By exploiting the use of ground-based receivers of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals in combination with the Swarm plasma density measurements, we study the irregularities in the EPB formed at ∼60°W and investigate the different scales of the irregularities and the cascading processes along the magnetic flux tubes. We also highlight how diffusion along the magnetic field lines occurs simultaneously with the plasma uplift, contributing then to the correct interpretation of the EPB evolution and decay process. The precious overfly conditions also allow the introduction of ionosphere-related quantities, evaluated across the tracks at satellite altitudes enlarging the possibilities given by the same quantities already available along the tracks. Such opportunity envisages the possibility to proxy the impact of EPBs on GNSS signals with Low-Earth Orbit satellite data provided by future missions specifically dedicated to the characterization of the near-Earth environment and ionospheric studies.
    Description: Published
    Description: e2022SW003331
    Description: OSA3: Climatologia e meteorologia spaziale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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