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  • 1
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    Copper(II) Biosorption on Soda Lignin From Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (EFB) (2009)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-01-01
    Print ISSN: 1863-0650
    Electronic ISSN: 1863-0669
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
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  • 2
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    Asynchronous variation in the Quaternary East Asian winter monsoon associated with the tropical Pacific ENSO‐like system (2019)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3Geophysical Research Letters, Wiley, 46, ISSN: 0094-8276
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-15
    Description: Quaternary East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) evolution has long been attributed to high‐latitude Northern Hemisphere climate change. However, it cannot explain the distinct relationships of the EAWM in the northern and southern East Asian marginal sea in paleoclimatic records. Here we present an EAWM record of the northern East China Sea over the past 300 ka and a transient climate simulation with the Kiel Climate Model through the Holocene. Both proxy record and simulation suggest anticorrelated long‐term EAWM evolution between the northern East China Sea and the South China Sea. We suggest that this spatial discrepancy of EAWM can be interpreted as El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO)‐like controlling, which generates cyclonic/anticyclonic wind anomalies in the northern/southern East Asian marginal sea. This research explains much of the controversy in nonorbital scale variability of Quaternary EAWM records in the East Asian marginal sea and supports a potent role of tropical forcing in East Asian winter climate change.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 3
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    Temporal variation of the deep circulation of the South China Sea since the Last Glacial Maximum (2016)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3Geophysical Research Letters, Wiley, 43, pp. 8590-8599, ISSN: 0094-8276
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-12-14
    Description: Deepwater circulation plays a central role in global climate. Compared with the Atlantic, the Pacific deepwater circulation’s history remains unclear. The Luzon overflow, a branch of the North Pacific deep water, determines the ventilation rate of the South China Sea (SCS) basin. Sedimentary magnetic properties in the SCS reflect millennial-scale fluctuations in deep current intensity and orientation. The data suggest a slightly stronger current at the Last Glacial Maximum compared to the Holocene. But, the most striking increase in deep current occurred during Heinrich stadial 1 (H1) and to a lesser extent during the Younger Dryas (YD). Results of a transient deglacial experiment suggest that the northeastern current strengthening at the entrance of the SCS during H1 and the YD, times of weak North Atlantic Deep Water formation, could be linked to enhanced formation of North Pacific Deep Water.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 4
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    Temperature-dependent diffusion coefficient of soluble substances during ethanol extraction of clove (1996)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 1996-05-01
    Print ISSN: 0003-021X
    Electronic ISSN: 1558-9331
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
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  • 5
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    The Investigation of the Phenomenological YIG Phase Formation Within 1000°C to 1250°C: A Kinetic Approach (2015)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2015-09-26
    Description: Presence of unwanted phase(s) such as yttrium iron perovskite (YIP) in yttrium iron garnet (YIG) ceramics has limited the utilization of YIG in the wireless communication domain. These unwanted phase(s) have been deemed responsible for the high dielectric losses, thus contributing to poor performance. This paper focuses on understanding the phenomenological phase transformation during the conventional solid state synthesis of YIG. This is done in order to monitor conditions which favor formation of unwanted phase(s), which shall later be reduced. The phase changes during YIG formation as a function of reaction times and temperatures were determined through XRD analysis. The amounts of YIG formed at various reaction times were fitted into various kinetic models in order to mathematically link what occurs experimentally to the available theoretical descriptions of reactions. It is found that the Ginstling-Brounstein-Habert (GBH) model exhibited good mathematical correlation to the formation of YIG. Meanwhile the activation energy ( E a ) indicated 490 kJ/mol is required for the formation of YIG. At the end, a reaction model and mechanism between Fe 2 O 3 and Y 2 O 3 were established and illustrated to underline the effect of diffusion controlled environment on the formation of phases in YIG ceramics.
    Print ISSN: 0002-7820
    Electronic ISSN: 1551-2916
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 6
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    Carbon Membranes Derived from Polymer Blend of Polyethylene glycol/Polyetherimide: Preparation, Characterization and Gas Permeation Studies (2016)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2016-09-10
    Description: Through a dip-coating technique, carbon membranes were produced from a polymer blend consisting of the thermally stable polymer, polyetherimide (PEI) and the thermally labile polymer, polyethylene glycol (PEG). The PEG/PEI carbon membranes were synthesized on alumina support coated with an Al 2 O 3 intermediate layer. Results indicated that the polymer blend ratio and carbonization temperature influenced the structure and permeation performance of the derived carbon membranes. The porosity of the PEG/PEI carbon membranes increased with increasing of the PEG in the blends. Addition of 10 wt. % of the PEG to PEI (10 wt. % PEG:PEI) has increased the CO 2 permeability of the derived carbon membrane more than 3 times. However, the derived carbon membranes tended to lose the gas permeability with increasing of the carbonization temperatures from 600 to 700 °C. The carbon membrane derived from a 10 wt. % PEG:PEI blend ratio and carbonized at 650 °C afforded the highest CO 2 /CH 4 and CO 2 /N 2 selectivities, which were found to be 64.72 and 38.02 with the CO 2 , N 2 and CH 4 permeability of 211, 5.55 and 3.26 barrer, respectively.
    Print ISSN: 0930-7516
    Electronic ISSN: 1521-4125
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
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  • 7
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    Overpressure in the Malay Basin and Prediction Methods (2015)
    Wiley
    In: Geofluids
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-07-15
    Description: Pre-drill overpressure prediction is important for well planning and migration modeling for prospect evaluation. The Eaton (1972) and Bowers (1995) methods are used worldwide for post drill overpressure prediction using sonic log and pre-drill overpressure prediction using seismic interval velocity. In this research, these two methods were used for overpressure prediction using 3D anisotropic prestack depth migrated seismic interval velocity in a field of the Malay Basin. In the shallow overpressured zone, where the mechanism of overpressure is undercompaction, the onset of overpressure was predicted reasonably well using the Eaton and Bowers methods with their standard parameters (i.e. Eaton exponent 3 and Bowers loading curve) for seismic velocity. However, in the deep overpressured zone, where fluid expansion is the cause of overpressure generation, these methods underpredicted the high overpressure. In the deep overpressured zone, the overpressures were better predicted by applying a correction to the Eaton method. On the other hand, the Bowers unloading parameters for the fluid expansion mechanisms did not show any significant effect on overpressure prediction. Hence, in the study area, the Bowers method is not effective for 3D overpressure prediction using seismic velocity, whereas, the Eaton method is more robust and can be used for 3D overpressure prediction from seismic velocity. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 1468-8115
    Electronic ISSN: 1468-8123
    Topics: Geosciences
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  • 8
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    Model structure exploration for index flood regionalisation (2012)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2012-06-04
    Description: Although the nonlinear power form model structure is widely accepted by practitioners in the flood regionalisation modelling, there is a lack of studies on whether there is a room for further improvement and if the answer is yes, what should be done to explore alternative model structures. A framework is proposed in this study towards investigating this issue by the following steps: 1) a universal data-driven model is utilised to see if there is a room for improvement compared with the conventional model; and 2) If improvement is achieved, this means there should exist more effective model structures than the current form. However, since the universal data driven models are usually opaque, more explicit model structures should be explored which are convenient for practical usage. In this study, the proposed framework is applied in a case study using the catchment characteristics from the Flood Estimation Handbook (FEH) in conjunction with the Gamma Test, support vector machine (SVM) and genetic programming (GP). First, the Gamma Test is used for the purpose of input variables selection where no model structure needs to be defined as a priori; and therefore, the result can be applied to any model structures for model building. Second, a support vector machine (SVM) which is a powerful data-driven nonlinear model capable of modelling a variety of nonlinear systems, is applied to the index flood model for the first time. Once the best model is determined using those two data-driven tools, genetic programming (GP) is employed to find an alternative model structure. As the SVM is not formulated for producing explicit model functional form, the GP offers an advantage at this point where it can infer an explicit mathematical model functional form. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Print ISSN: 0885-6087
    Electronic ISSN: 1099-1085
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
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  • 9
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    Uncertainty in index flood modelling due to calibration data sizes (2011)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2011-04-28
    Description: Regional frequency analysis is an important tool in estimating design flood for ungauged catchments. Index flood is an important component in regionalised flood formulas. In the past, many formulas have been developed based on various numbers of calibration catchments (e.g. from less than 20 to several hundred). However, there is a lack of systematic research on the model uncertainties caused by the number of calibration catchments (i.e. what is the minimum number of calibration catchment? and how should we choose the calibration catchments?). This study uses the statistical resampling technique to explore the impact of calibration catchment numbers on the index flood estimation. The study is based on 182 catchments in England and an index flood formula has been developed using the input variable selection technique in the data mining field. The formula has been used to explore the model uncertainty due to a range of calibration catchment numbers (from 15 to 130). It is found that: 1) as expected, the more catchments are used in the calibration, the more reliable of the models developed are (i.e. with a narrower band of uncertainty); 2) however, poor models are still possible with a large number of calibration catchments (e.g. 130). In contrast, good models with a small number of calibration catchments are also achievable (with as low as 15 calibration catchments). This indicates that the number of calibration catchments is only one of the factors influencing the model performance. The hydrological community should explore why a smaller calibration data set could produce a better model than a large calibration data set. It is clear from this study that the information content in the calibration data set is equally if not more important than the number of calibration data. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Print ISSN: 0885-6087
    Electronic ISSN: 1099-1085
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
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  • 10
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    Characterization and Dielectric Properties of Novel Dielectric Ceramics CaxZn(1−x)Al2O4 for GPS Patch Antennas (2013)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-11-21
    Description: A solgel method was used to prepare Ca x Zn (1− x ) Al 2 O 4 thin films and fabricate GPS patch antennas. The addition of calcium (Ca) has increased the ε r , crystallite size, and grain size, to increase the ceramics density. The three highest Q × f values appear at the position of x  =   0.05 (31,091 MHz), 0.15 (63,906 MHz), and 0.25 (40,609 MHz), respectively. The best combination of microwave dielectric properties (ε r ~ 9.02), Q × f  ~ 63,906 MHz and with the lowest return lost (−25 dB) is obtained for specimen using Ca 0.15 Zn 0.85 Al 2 O 4 ( x  =   0.15) ceramics, which is the suggested material for GPS patch antennas.
    Print ISSN: 1546-542X
    Electronic ISSN: 1744-7402
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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