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  • 1
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    Palynological Evidence of Late Holocene Paleo‐Monsoon in Eastern Pamir (2019)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: Abstract The Tibetan Plateau, which is climatically dominated by the westerlies and the Asian monsoon, has a major influence on the atmospheric circulation and water resources of Asia. However, it remains unclear of the long‐term (e.g., millennial‐ and orbital‐scale) status and origin of the water resources in the plateau. In this study, we used the presence of a long‐distance pollen component (e.g., Tsuga) in a sedimentary section from eastern Pamir as a tracer to characterize the air movements in the western Tibetan Plateau during the late Holocene. Based on modern backward trajectory analysis, we suggest that the pollen of Tsuga was transported by the paleo‐monsoon from the southeastern Tibetan Plateau to eastern Pamir during the late Holocene (e.g., 3,200–1,750 cal years B.P.). Our findings provide evidence of paleo‐monsoon movement and potential moisture transport paths from the southeastern Tibetan Plateau to eastern Pamir during the late Holocene.
    Print ISSN: 0094-8276
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-8007
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 2
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    Two New Cucurbitane Triterpenoids from Immature Fruits of Momordica charantia (2015)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2015-10-14
    Description: Two new cucurbitane triterpenoids, kuguacin X ( 1 ) and kuguaglycoside I ( 2 ), together with three known analogs, were isolated from immature fruits of Momordica charantia. By detailed analysis of IR, NMR, and MS data, acid hydrolysis, and comparison with spectroscopic data of known compounds, the new compounds were determined to be (23 E )-5 β ,19-epoxycucurbita-6,23-diene-3 β ,22 ξ ,25-triol ( 1 ) and (23 E )-5 β ,19-epoxycucurbita-6,23-dien-19-on-3 β ,25-diol 3- O - β - D -allopyranoside ( 2 ).
    Print ISSN: 0018-019X
    Electronic ISSN: 1522-2675
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Wiley
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  • 3
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    Latitudinal dependence of the ionospheric response to solar eclipse of 15 January 2010 (2011)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2011-06-01
    Description: The ionospheric responses to the solar eclipse of 15 January 2010 in the equatorial anomaly region have been investigated by three vertical-incidence and seven oblique-incidence ionosondes arranged along the meridian from geomagnetic latitudes 18°N to 30°N in eastern China. Though the solar eclipse occurred later in the evening, the eclipse effect on electron density and reflection height of ionospheric F2 layer was clearly observed. The study of the eclipse lag (the time lag between the occurrence of the eclipse maximum obscuration and the occurrence of the maximum depletion of foF2) with latitude indicates it increased with F2 layer altitude. Results suggest also that this eclipse enhanced the prereversal enhancement. An unusual peak occurred after the maximum reduction in foF2 and this was observed by all our ionosondes. The following F2 layer plasma density increase was considered to be caused by the increased westward electric field.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 4
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    Understand the Direct Effect of CO2 Increase on Tropical Circulation and TC Activity: Land Surface Warming Versus Direct Radiative Forcing (2019)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: Abstract The direct effect of increased CO2 involves contributions from both land warming and direct radiative forcing. Here, their relative impacts on tropical circulation and tropical cyclones (TCs) are quantified by increasing CO2 over land and ocean separately in a high‐resolution atmosphere‐only model. It is found that land warming induces substantial vertical velocity changes over nearby oceans and such local changes are compensated by opposite motions within tropical ascending regions. The cloud mask effect leads to smaller CO2‐induced radiative heating over ascending regions. Such inhomogeneity in radiative forcing dominates compensated changes in surface fluxes and gross moist stability, leading to the slowdown of the tropical overturning circulation. TC activity is tightly linked with the large‐scale ascent because of the influence on the atmospheric humidity. Regional circulation changes caused by land warming strongly suppresses TC activity over the northwest Pacific, while weakened ascent from direct radiative forcing causes an overall TC reduction.
    Print ISSN: 0094-8276
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-8007
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 5
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    On the detection of precipitation dependence on temperature (2016)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2016-04-23
    Description: Employing their newly-proposed inter-annual difference method (IADM), Liu et al. (2009) and Shiu et al. (2012) reported a shocking increase of around 100% K −1 in heavy precipitation with warming global temperature in 1979-2007. Such increase is alarming and prompts us to probe into the IADM. In this study, both analytical derivations and numerical analyses demonstrate that IADM provides no additional information to that of the conventional linear regression; and also it may give a false indication of dependence. For clarity and simplicity, we therefore recommend linear regression analysis over the IADM for the detection of dependence. We also find that heavy precipitation decreased during the global warming hiatus, and the precipitation dependence on temperature drops by almost 50% when the study period is extended to 1979-2014 and it may keep dropping in the near future. The risk of having heavy precipitation under warming global temperature may have been overestimated.
    Print ISSN: 0094-8276
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-8007
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 6
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    Cucurbitane-Type Triterpenoids from Momordica charantia (2013)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2013-06-20
    Description: The six new cucurbitane-type triterpenoids 1 – 6 , along with the ten known triterpenoids 7 – 16 , were isolated from the vines and leaves of Momordica charantia. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated as (3 β ,7 β ,15 β ,23 E )-3,7,15,25-tetrahydroxycucurbita-5,23-dien-19-al ( 1 ), (3 β ,7 β )-3,7,22,23-tetrahydroxycucurbita-5,24-dien-19-al ( 2 ), (3 β ,7 β )-3,7,23,24-tetrahydroxycucurbita-5,25-dien-19-al ( 3 ), (3 β ,7 β ,23 S )-3,7,23-trihydroxycucurbita-5,24-dien-19-al 7- β - D -glucopyranoside ( 4 ), (3 β ,7 β ,23 E )-cucurbita-5,23-diene-3,7,19,25-tetrol 7- β - D -glucopyranoside ( 5 ), and (3 β ,7 β ,23 E )-3,7-dihydroxy-25-methoxy-cucurbita-5,23-dien-19-al 3- β - D -allopyranoside ( 6 ), by extensive analyses of their spectral data, as well as by chemical methods.
    Print ISSN: 0018-019X
    Electronic ISSN: 1522-2675
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Wiley
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  • 7
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    MicroRNA-142-5p induces cancer stem cell-like properties of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma via inhibiting PTEN (2017)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2017-09-01
    Description: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a malignancy of keratinocyte-derived skin tumor, which is regarded as the second most common skin cancer worldwide. Accumulating evidence has established that microRNAs (miRNAs) can play a critical role in tumor initiation, progression and metastasis including cSCC. Abnormal expression of hsa-miR-142-5p has been elaborated in various tumors. Nevertheless, its expression and function in the development of cSCC remain unclear. In our study, we found that the expression of hsa-miR-142-5p in cSCC cells were greatly overexpressed compared to human benign epidermal keratinocyte cells. Moreover, inhibited hsa-miR-142-5p can repress cSCC cell growth and induce apoptosis while upregulated hsa-miR-142-5p exhibited a reverse phenomenon. Recently, cancer stem cells (CSCs) which possess the ability of self-renewal and proliferation and are able to produce cancer cells have been widely reported. However, the correlation between hsa-miR-142-5p and CSCs in cSCC is still unknown. Interestingly, we observed that overexpressing hsa-miR-142-5p can induce CSC-like properties in cSCC via activating Wnt signaling. In addition, the luciferase reporter assay data and bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that hsa-miR-142-5p can target the 3'UTR of PTEN mRNA. Taken these together, we draw a conclusion that hsa-miR-142-5p can trigger cancer stem cell-like properties of cSCC through inhibition of PTEN. Our findings may provide hsa-miR-142-5p as a new therapeutic target for cSCC. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
    Electronic ISSN: 0091-7419
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Published by Wiley
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  • 8
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    Enhanced CO2 capture performance of limestone by industrial waste sludge (2017)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2017-08-05
    Description: Although inert supports have been proved effective to enhance CO 2 capture performance of CaO sorbents, more commonly used supports are derived from expensive raw materials (such as nitrates and organometallic precursors). This work utilized cheap waste sludge from the steel plant, which is of a high daily output and has not received effective reuse, to promote the CO 2 capture performance. The results showed that the sludge effectively promoted the performance of limestone. Homogeneously dispersed inert material of MgO, acting as the metal framework to resist sintering, was responsible for the enhanced performance. The introduction of waste sludge into the calcium looping could not only improve the sorbent performance, but also provide a potentially effective way to reuse the waste sludge.
    Print ISSN: 0930-7516
    Electronic ISSN: 1521-4125
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Published by Wiley
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  • 9
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    Involvement of CsNRT1.7 in nitrate recycling during senescence in cucumber (2014)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2014-07-23
    Description: A senescence-induced gene named CsNRT1.7 was cloned from a cucumber cultivar with high capacity for low-N tolerance using a homologous cloning technique based on bioinformatics analysis and cucumber genome information. The full-length cDNA of CsNRT1.7 was 1803 bp with an open reading frame encoding 601 amino acids. Homology analysis showed that CsNRT1.7 had high homology (74%) to the Arabidopsis nitrate transporter gene NRT1.7. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that CsNRT1.7 had a close relationship with NRT1.7 among different nitrate transporters in Arabidopsis. Quantitative RT-PCR and CsNRT1.7pro:GUS reporter analysis showed that CsNRT1.7 was a senescence-induced gene, whose transcription was much stronger in old leaf, followed by mature leaf and young leaf of cucumber plants. CsNRT1.7 could also be induced by low-nitrogen treatment. The transient expression of CsNRT1.7:EGFP in onion epidermal cells indicated that CsNRT1.7 was localized in the plasma membrane. Further functional analysis revealed that 35S:CsNRT1.7/nrt1.7-2 transgenic Arabidopsis plants showed lower nitrate content and larger leaf size than nrt1.7-2 T-DNA insertion Arabidopsis plants. These results provide new clues to further understand the function of CsNRT1.7 regarding senescence-regulated low-nitrogen tolerance in cucumber.
    Print ISSN: 1436-8730
    Electronic ISSN: 1522-2624
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Wiley
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  • 10
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    Temperature Dependent Jahn-Teller Distortion in the Prussian Blue Analogue Cu0.47Ni0.48Mn0.55[Fe(CN)6]·7.8H2O (2013)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-01-05
    Description: The Jahn-Teller distortion properties of Cu 0.47 Ni 0.48 Mn 0.55 [Fe(CN) 6 ] · 7.8H 2 O were studied by powder X-ray diffraction measurements in the temperature region from 80 to 298 K. In the cooling process, a new peak labeled “a” near the (220) peak appears at 110 K. Conversely, as the sample is warmed to 200 K, this peak disappears. The new peak “a” is attributed to a slight elongation by Jahn-Teller distorted Cu 2+ ions. The structural distortion is relatively little, and thus, the compound undergoes no formal phase change occurs with the temperature varied. Temperature dependent Jahn-Teller distortion was directly observed in the multi-metal prussian blue analogue Cu 0.47 Ni 0.48 Mn 0.55 [Fe(CN) 6 ] · 7.8H 2 O.
    Print ISSN: 0044-2313
    Electronic ISSN: 1521-3749
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Wiley
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