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    Influences of various magnetospheric and ionospheric current systems on geomagnetically induced currents around the world. (2017)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-04
    Description: Ground-based observations of geomagnetic field (B-field) are usually a superposition of signatures from different source current systems in the magnetosphere and ionosphere. Fluctuating B-fields generate geoelectric fields (E-fields), which drive geomagnetically induced currents (GIC) in technological conducting media at Earth's surface. We introduce a new Fourier integral B-field model of east/west directed line current systems over a one-dimensional multi-layered Earth in plane geometry. Derived layered-Earth profiles, given in the literature, are needed to calculate the surface impedance, and therefore reflection coefficient in the integral. The 2003 Halloween storm measurements were Fourier transformed for B-field spectrum Levenberg-Marquardt least-squares inversion over latitude. The inversion modelled strength of the equatorial (EEJ), auroral (AEJ) electrojets, and ring currents (RC) were compared to the forward problem computed strength. It is found the optimized and direct results match each other closely, and supplement previous established studies about these source currents. Using this model, a data set of current system magnitudes may be used to develop empirical models linking solar wind activity to magnetospheric current systems. In addition, the ground E-fields are also calculated directly, which serves as a proxy for computing GIC in conductor-based networks.
    Print ISSN: 1539-4964
    Electronic ISSN: 1542-7390
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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    Transient brightening of Jupiter's aurora observed by the Hisaki satellite and Hubble Space Telescope during approach phase of the Juno spacecraft (2017)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2017-05-26
    Description: In early 2014, continuous monitoring with the Hisaki satellite discovered transient auroral emission at Jupiter during a period when the solar wind was relatively quiet for a few days. Simultaneous imaging made by the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) suggested that the transient aurora is associated with a global magnetospheric disturbance that spans from the inner to outer magnetosphere. However, the temporal and spatial evolutions of the magnetospheric disturbance were not resolved because of the lack of continuous monitoring of the transient aurora simultaneously with the imaging. Here we report the coordinated observation of the aurora and plasma torus made by Hisaki and HST during the approach phase of the Juno spacecraft in mid-2016. On day 142, Hisaki detected a transient aurora with a maximum total H 2 emission power of ~8.5 TW. The simultaneous HST imaging was indicative of a large “dawn storm,” which is associated with tail reconnection, at the onset of the transient aurora. The outer emission, which is associated with hot plasma injection in the inner magnetosphere, followed the dawn storm within less than two Jupiter rotations. The monitoring of the torus with Hisaki indicated that the hot plasma population increased in the torus during the transient aurora. These results imply that the magnetospheric disturbance is initiated via the tail reconnection and rapidly expands toward the inner magnetosphere, followed by the hot plasma injection reaching the plasma torus. This corresponds to the radially inward transport of the plasma and/or energy from the outer to the inner magnetosphere.
    Print ISSN: 0094-8276
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-8007
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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