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  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (2)
  • Wiley  (1)
  • 1
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    Finite-frequency tomography reveals a variety of plumes in the mantle (2003)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-12-06
    Description: We present tomographic evidence for the existence of deep-mantle thermal convection plumes. P-wave velocity images show at least six well-resolved plumes that extend into the lowermost mantle: Ascension, Azores, Canary, Easter, Samoa, and Tahiti. Other less well-resolved plumes, including Hawaii, may also reach the lowermost mantle. We also see several plumes that are mostly confined to the upper mantle, suggesting that convection may be partially separated into two depth regimes. All of the observed plumes have diameters of several hundred kilometers, indicating that plumes convey a substantial fraction of the internal heat escaping from Earth.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Montelli, Raffaella -- Nolet, Guust -- Dahlen, F A -- Masters, Guy -- Engdahl, E Robert -- Hung, Shu-Huei -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Jan 16;303(5656):338-43. Epub 2003 Dec 4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Geosciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. montelli@princeton.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14657505" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Global prevalence of double Benioff zones (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-06-09
    Description: Double Benioff zones provide opportunities for insight into seismogenesis because the underlying mechanism must explain two layers of deep earthquakes and the separation between them. We characterize layer separation inside subducting plates with a coordinate rotation to calculate the slab-normal distribution of earthquakes. Benchmark tests on well-established examples confirm that layer separation is accurately quantified with global seismicity catalogs alone. Global analysis reveals double Benioff zones in 30 segments, including all 16 subduction zones investigated, with varying subducting plate ages and stress orientations, which implies that they are inherent in subducting plates. Layer separation increases with age and is more consistent with dehydration of antigorite than chlorite.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brudzinski, Michael R -- Thurber, Clifford H -- Hacker, Bradley R -- Engdahl, E Robert -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jun 8;316(5830):1472-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Geology Department, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA. brudzimr@muohio.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17556583" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Mantle subducting slab structure in the region of the 2010 M8.8 Maule earthquake (30-40°S), Chile (2012)
    Wiley
    In:  Geophysical Journal International, 191 (1). pp. 317-324.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-22
    Description: We present a new tomographic model of the mantle in the area of the 2010 M8.8 Maule earthquake and surrounding regions. Increased ray coverage provided by the aftershock data allows us to image the detailed subducting slab structure in the mantle, from the region of flat slab subduction north of the Maule rupture to the area of overlapping rupture between the 1960 M9.5 and the 2010 M8.8 events to the south. We have combined teleseismic primary and depth phase arrivals with available local arrivals to better constrain the teleseismic earthquake locations in the region, which we use to conduct nested regional–global tomography. The new model reveals the detailed structure of the flat slab and its transition to a more moderately dipping slab in the Maule region. South of the Maule region, a steeply dipping relic slab is imaged from ∼200 to 1000 km depth that is distinct from the moderately dipping slab above it and from the more northerly slab at similar depths. We interpret the images as revealing both horizontal and vertical tearing of the slab at ∼38°S to explain the imaged pattern of slab anomalies in the southern portion of the model. In contrast, the transition from a horizontal to moderately subducting slab in the northern portion of the model is imaged as a continuous slab bend. We speculate that the tearing was most likely facilitated by a fracture zone in the downgoing plate or alternatively by a continental scale terrane boundary in the overriding plate.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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