ISSN:
1573-8310
Quelle:
Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
Thema:
Chemie und Pharmazie
,
Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
Notizen:
Summary 1. Oil from the Kotur-Tepe field belongs to the group of oils that are hard to desalt because of their capacity to form stable, highly dispersed, hydrophobic emulsions which are only slightly broken down in electrodehydrators without utilization of deemulsifiers. 2. Two-stage desalting of oil in the electrolytic desalting unit with the NChK deemulsifier and a supply of 3–5% fresh washing water does not warrant the required oil quality. At a supply of 1.2 kg of NChK/ton, the content of chlorides in the desalted oil equals 150–250 mg/liter. Analogous results are obtained during desalting of oil with NP-1 sulfonol containing 36% active substance (83 g/ton). 3. When effective nonionic deemulsifiers are used, the emulsion is broken down completely, and the salt content of the oil is lowered to 37 mg/liter by disolvan 4411 supplied at the rate of 43 g/ton and to 35 mg/liter by proxanol supplied at the rate of 38 g/ton. 4. The rather complete clarification of the water in the electrodehydrators during operation with effective nonionic deemulsifiers enables us to replace fresh water by sea water for the washing of the oil, which is very important in the Krasnovodsk Oil Refinery. When fresh water is replaced by sea water (6–8% water supply), the residual salt content in the oil changes: from 38 to 33 mg/liter during operation with disolvan 4411, from 30 to 40 mg/liter with proxanol 146 and from 53 to 79 mg/liter with OZhK. 5. Since there is a severe shortage of fresh water in the Krasnovodsk Oil Refinery, and the cost of this water is high (35–70 kopecks per m3), utilization of nonionic deemulsifiers is very profitable (radical improvement of the desalting of oil and saving of fresh water).
Materialart:
Digitale Medien
URL:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00729984
Permalink
