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  • 1
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    Minor Constituents in Canola Oil Processed by Traditional and Minimal Refining Methods (2013)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-02-19
    Print ISSN: 0003-021X
    Electronic ISSN: 1558-9331
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
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  • 2
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    Dinuclear Five-Coordinate Copper(II) Complexes with Chelating Diphosphonic Acid Ligands: Hydrothermal Synthesis, Structure, and Thermal Properties (2012)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2012-03-09
    Description: The synthesis of two new diphosphonic acid ligands, [ethane-1, 2-diylbis(azanediyl)]bis[(4-chlorophenyl)methylene]diphosphonic acid (L 1 P), [ethane-1, 2-diylbis(azanediyl)]bis[(4-bromophenyl)methylene]diphosphonic acid (L 2 P), and their corresponding copper complexes, Cu 2 (L 1 P) 2 ( 1 ) and Cu 2 (L 2 P) 2 ( 2 ) are described herein. Complex 2 was structurally characterized with X-ray single crystal diffraction. The structure of 2 consists of five-coordinate copper(II) ions with a distorted square pyramidal arrangement doubly bridged by OPO from phosphonate groups. The Cu–Cu distance is 4.7810(2) Å. The crystal packing is determined by interdinuclear hydrogen bonds, which lead to one-dimensional chains. The results of thermogravimetric investigations (TG-DTA), UV/Vis diffuse reflectance, infrared and ( 1 H and 13 C) NMR spectroscopy, as well as elemental analyses of compounds 1 and 2 are also presented.
    Print ISSN: 0044-2313
    Electronic ISSN: 1521-3749
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 3
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    Foreign body giant cells and osteoclasts are TRAP positive, have podosome-belts and both require OC-STAMP for cell fusion (2013)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2013-02-28
    Description: Macrophages have the ability to fuse and form multinucleated giant cells such as osteoclasts (OCs) and foreign body giant cells (FBGCs). Osteoclast stimulatory transmembrane protein (OC-STAMP) is an important cell surface protein involved in the formation of osteoclasts. This study sought to determine if OC-STAMP also regulates formation of FBGCs using expression analysis and subsequent inhibition studies. qPCR and Western blot analysis showed that OC-STAMP expression is significantly higher in FBGCs compared to control monocytes (P 〈 0.05). Four days following cell culture, OCs were positive for TRAP and F-actin ring formation, but FBGCs were not. In contrast, FBGCs were positive for TRAP and showed podosome belts comprised of F-actin on day eight. FBGCs were subsequently plated onto dentine, but despite presenting some morphologic features of OCs (OC-STAMP expression, TRAP reactivity and podosome belts) they failed to resorb bone. To evaluate a role for OC-STAMP in FBGCs, we inhibited this cell surface protein with anti-OC-STAMP antibody and observed that cell fusion and podosome belt formation was inhibited in both OCs and FBGCs. Our data support the hypothesis that OC-STAMP is a regulatory molecule for FBGCs; and that they are functionally distinct from OCs, despite similarities in gene expression profile, podosome belt formation and TRAP expression. J. Cell. Biochem. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
    Electronic ISSN: 0091-7419
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
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  • 4
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    Ultrastructure alteration in the corneal stroma of hydrated camel corneoscleral button and corneal button (2012)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2012-10-18
    Description: PURPOSE: To investigate the changes in the ultrastructural architecture of hydrated corneoscleral button (HCSB) and hydrated corneal button (HCB). METHOD: Corneoscleral buttons ( n = 4) and corneal buttons ( n = 4) were hydrated in deionized water for 24 and 48 h and were fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde containing cuprolinic blue in sodium acetate buffer and processed for electron microscopy. The tissue was dehydrated and embedded in TAAB 031 resin. Normal CSB and CB were also processed using the same method. Ultrathin sections were stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate. The sections were observed under JEOL 1400 transmission electron microscope. RESULTS: In both HCSB and HCB, the lamellae were disorganized and proteoglycans (PGs) were degenerated and detached from the collagen fibrils (CFs). In the HCSB samples, interfibrillar spacing increased but the diameter of the CF had not changed compared with those in the normal tissue. Within the HCSB, the interfibrillar spacing in the posterior stroma was significantly higher compared with those in the anterior and middle stroma. In the HCB, both the interfibrillar spacing and CF diameter had significantly increased compared to those observed in both the HCSB and normal tissue. The CFs were severely damaged exhibiting very thin microfilaments within CFs. Remnants of the CFs were present in the stromal matrix. CONCLUSION: Hydration of the cornea in both the HCSB and HCB increases the interfibrillar spacing in the anterior, middle, and posterior stroma. The CF in the HCB was enlarged and had degenerated. This could be due to penetration of water into the intermolecular spacing within the CF. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
    Print ISSN: 1059-910X
    Electronic ISSN: 1097-0029
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
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  • 5
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    Highly cis-Diastereoselective Synthesis of Coumarin-Based 2,3-Disubstituted Dihydrobenzothiazines by Organocatalysis (2012)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-04-12
    Description: An efficient and organocatalyzed asymmetric reaction of phenacyl halides with coumarin-based dihydrobenzothiazoles was developed to afford cis- 2,3-disubstituted 3,4-dihydro-2 H -benzothiazines. This method provides a one-step and highly diastereoselective route to a wide variety of coumarin-based 3,4-dihydro-2 H -benzothiazines using the cheap and commercially available Cinchona alkaloid quinine hydrochloride.
    Print ISSN: 0018-019X
    Electronic ISSN: 1522-2675
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 6
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    Mechanism and regioselectivity of the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of thiocarbonyl S-imide with cyclopent-3-ene-1,2-dione and methoxyethene: a density functional theory approach (2012)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-04-15
    Description: A theoretical study on the regioselectivity of 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction between an uncommon dipole (thiocarbonyl S -imide) with cyclopent-3-ene-1,2-dione (DPh1) and methoxyethene (DPh2) has been carried out by means of several theoretical approaches, namely, activation energy, Houk's rule based on the frontier molecular orbital theory and density functional theory (DFT) reactivity indices. The calculations were performed at the DFT-B3LYP/6-31G(d) level of theory using GAUSSIAN 09. The present analysis shows that the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of thiocarbonyl S -imide with DPh1 and DPh2 has normal-electron demand and inverse-electron demand character, respectively. Moreover, the results obtained from energetic point view are in agreement with electronic approaches, and the Houk's rule is capable to predict true regioselectivity. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition of thiocarbonyl S-imide with cyclopent-3-ene-1,2-dione and methoxyethene has normal-electron demand and inverse-electron demand character, respectively. The results of activation energies, frontier molecular orbital energies, Gazquez-Mendez rule, Chattaraj's polar model and Houk's rule for prediction of favored regioisomers are in agreement with each other.
    Print ISSN: 0894-3230
    Electronic ISSN: 1099-1395
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
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  • 7
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    Dinuclear Five-Coordinate Copper(II) Complexes with Chelating Diphosphonic Acid Ligands: Hydrothermal Synthesis, Structure, and Thermal Properties (2012)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-04-15
    Description: The synthesis of two new diphosphonic acid ligands, [ethane-1, 2-diylbis(azanediyl)]bis[(4-chlorophenyl)methylene]diphosphonic acid (L 1 P), [ethane-1, 2-diylbis(azanediyl)]bis[(4-bromophenyl)methylene]diphosphonic acid (L 2 P), and their corresponding copper complexes, Cu 2 (L 1 P) 2 ( 1 ) and Cu 2 (L 2 P) 2 ( 2 ) are described herein. Complex 2 was structurally characterized with X-ray single crystal diffraction. The structure of 2 consists of five-coordinate copper(II) ions with a distorted square pyramidal arrangement doubly bridged by OPO from phosphonate groups. The Cu–Cu distance is 4.7810(2) Å. The crystal packing is determined by interdinuclear hydrogen bonds, which lead to one-dimensional chains. The results of thermogravimetric investigations (TG-DTA), UV/Vis diffuse reflectance, infrared and ( 1 H and 13 C) NMR spectroscopy, as well as elemental analyses of compounds 1 and 2 are also presented.
    Print ISSN: 0044-2313
    Electronic ISSN: 1521-3749
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 8
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    Highly cis-Diastereoselective Synthesis of Coumarin-Based 2,3-Disubstituted Dihydrobenzothiazines by Organocatalysis (2012)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-04-15
    Description: An efficient and organocatalyzed asymmetric reaction of phenacyl halides with coumarin-based dihydrobenzothiazoles was developed to afford cis- 2,3-disubstituted 3,4-dihydro-2 H -benzothiazines. This method provides a one-step and highly diastereoselective route to a wide variety of coumarin-based 3,4-dihydro-2 H -benzothiazines using the cheap and commercially available Cinchona alkaloid quinine hydrochloride.
    Print ISSN: 0018-019X
    Electronic ISSN: 1522-2675
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 9
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    Daily mean air temperature estimation from MODIS land surface temperature products based on M5 model tree (2013)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2013-02-08
    Description: ABSTRACT The use of satellite data to estimate air temperature ( T a ) near the Earth's surface has become an effective way for a large area with high spatial and temporal resolution. In this study, M5 model tree was used to estimate T a in Khuzestan province (in the southwest of Iran) using satellite remotely sensed land surface temperature ( T s ) data acquired by the MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)-Terra sensor. The input variables for the M5 model tree were the daytime and nighttime MODIS T s , extraterrestrial solar radiation and Julian day. A total of 365 images of MOD11A1 T s product for the year 2007, covering the area of this study were collected from the Land Processes Distributed Active Archive Center (LP DAAC). The results of this study showed that mean daily T a can be estimated with acceptable levels of the statistical indicators from MODIS data and from the two geographic parameters using the M5 model. Root mean square error and R 2 for the comparison between observed and estimated T a for the tested data are 2.3 and 0.96 °C, respectively. Copyright © 2013 Royal Meteorological Society
    Print ISSN: 0899-8418
    Electronic ISSN: 1097-0088
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
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  • 10
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    Ultrastructural features of corneas with pellucid marginal degeneration (2013)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2013-02-16
    Description: ABSTRACT PURPOSE Pellucid marginal degeneration (PMD) of the cornea is a rare ectatic disorder which typically affects the inferior or superior peripheral cornea in a crescentic fashion. We report histological and ultrastructural features of three PMD corneas. METHODS: The following three patients were diagnosed with PMD corneas: (A) one 41-year-old male, (B) one 56-year-old female, and (C) one 31-year-old male. The patients underwent keratoplasty and the excised corneas were processed for light and electron microscopy to study the ultrastructural features. RESULTS: Degenerated corneas were observed in the region adjacent to the limbus. In the degenerated region of the cornea, the Bowman's layer had been replaced by collagenous pannus and the anterior stroma contained degenerated collagen fibrils (CFs) with very large proteoglycans (462±420 nm 2 ). The lamellae were fused and keratocytes appeared like fibroblast. The prelimbal region of the PMD cornea had a degenerated Bowman's layer and thin undulating lamellae in the stroma. The CFs of the Bowman's layer and the stroma were replaced by very fine microfilaments. The mean of the minimum CF diameter was 19±3 nm in London Rsin White-embedded tissue. CONCLUSIONS: Our observations of the disorganization and degeneration of CFs suggest that PMD could be related to a disorder in the synthesis of CF. This disorder was more severe in the cornea adjacent to the limbus compared to the cornea further away from the limbus. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
    Print ISSN: 1059-910X
    Electronic ISSN: 1097-0029
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
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