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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2018-09-03
    Description: On its way to the surface, the Siberian Traps magma created a complex sub-volcanic plumbing system. This resulted in a large-scale sill emplacement within the Tunguska Basin and subsequent release of sediment-derived volatiles during contact metamorphism. The distribution of sills and the released sediment-stored gas volume is, however, poorly constrained. In this paper, results from a study of nearly 300 deep boreholes intersecting sills are presented. The results show that sills with thicknesses above 100 m are abundant throughout the upper part of the sedimentary succession. A high proportion of the sills was emplaced within the Cambrian evaporites with average thicknesses in the 115–130 m range and a maximum thickness of 428 m. Thermal modelling of the cooling of the sills shows that the contact metamorphic aureoles are capable of generating 52–80 tonnes of CO 2  m −2 with contributions from both marine and terrestrial carbon. When up-scaling these borehole results, an area of 12–19 000 km 2 is required to generate 1000 Gt CO 2 . This represents only 0.7–1.2% of the total area in the Tunguska Basin affected by sills, emphasizing the importance of metamorphic gas generation in the Siberian Traps. These results strengthen the hypothesis of a sub-volcanic trigger and driver for the environmental perturbations during the End-Permian crisis. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘Hyperthermals: rapid and extreme global warming in our geological past’.
    Print ISSN: 1364-503X
    Electronic ISSN: 1471-2962
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics , Technology
    Published by The Royal Society
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  • 2
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    The Royal Society
    In:  Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 376 (2130). p. 20170080.
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: On its way to the surface, the Siberian Traps magma created a complex sub-volcanic plumbing system. This resulted in a large-scale sill emplacement within the Tunguska Basin and subsequent release of sediment-derived volatiles during contact metamorphism. The distribution of sills and the released sediment-stored gas volume is, however, poorly constrained. In this paper, results from a study of nearly 300 deep boreholes intersecting sills are presented. The results show that sills with thicknesses above 100 m are abundant throughout the upper part of the sedimentary succession. A high proportion of the sills was emplaced within the Cambrian evaporites with average thicknesses in the 115-130 m range and a maximum thickness of 428 m. Thermal modelling of the cooling of the sills shows that the contact metamorphic aureoles are capable of generating 52-80 tonnes of CO2 m(-2) with contributions from both marine and terrestrial carbon. When up-scaling these borehole results, an area of 12-19 000 km(2) is required to generate 1000 Gt CO2. This represents only 0.7-1.2% of the total area in the Tunguska Basin affected by sills, emphasizing the importance of metamorphic gas generation in the Siberian Traps. These results strengthen the hypothesis of a sub-volcanic trigger and driver for the environmental perturbations during the End-Permian crisis. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Hyperthermals: rapid and extreme global warming in our geological past'.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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