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  • Springer  (40)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PCDD/Fs in Soil Samples Collected in the Vicinity of a Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator: Human Health Risks (1997)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 33 (1997), S. 239-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF) were determined in soil samples taken from 24 sites in the vicinity of a municipal solid waste incinerator (Montcada, Barcelona, Spain). Samples were collected within a radius of 3 km in each of the three main directions of the wind rose in that area. Hepta- and octa-CDDs were the predominant congeners and contributors to TEQ. PCDD/F levels ranged from 0.30 to 44.26 ng TEQ/kg (dry matter), with median and mean values of 3.52 and 6.91 ng TEQ/kg, respectively. The highest and lowest PCDD/F concentrations were found at 750 m (44.26 ng TEQ/kg) and 3000 m (0.30 ng TEQ/kg) from the stack, while the PCDD/PCDF ratio was 1.78. The health risk analysis of the data shows that the PCDD/F intake from soils is substantially lower than the tolerable daily intake for toxicologic (other than cancer) effects of PCDD/Fs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002449900249
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PCDD/F Levels in the Vicinity of an Old Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator: Temporal Variation in Soils (1999)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 36 (1999), S. 377-383 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. In order to determine the temporal variation in the levels of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) in soils in the vicinity of an old municipal solid waste incinerator (Montcada, Barcelona, Spain), in 1997 we collected 24 soil samples at the same sampling points in which samples were taken 1 year before. Each sample was analyzed for PCDDs and PCDFs by GC/MS. While in the previous study PCDD/F concentrations ranged from 0.30 to 44.26 ng TEQ/kg (dry matter), (median and mean values: 3.52 and 6.91 ng TEQ/kg), in the present study PCDD/F levels ranged from 0.15 to 29.27 ng TEQ/kg (median and mean values: 2.56 and 4.47 ng TEQ/kg). PCDD/F concentrations decreased in 14 of the 24 soil samples, while the remaining 10 samples showed increases of different orders. No statistically significant differences in PCDD/F levels according to the main wind directions in the area were noted. In both surveys, the highest PCDD/F concentrations were found 750 m from the stack to the south. The current levels of PCDD/Fs in soils, as well as those found in the previous survey are similar or even lower than PCDD/F concentrations reported for soil samples taken near to municipal solid waste incinerators from different places.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00006609
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of fuzzy sets and cognitive maps to incorporate social science scenarios in integrated assessment modelsA case study of urbanization in Ujung Pandang, Indonesia (2000)
    Springer
    Integrated assessment 1 (2000), S. 177-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1545
    Keywords: integrated assessment modeling ; decision–support systems ; fuzzy set theory ; fuzzy cognitive maps ; scenario analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Decision–support systems in the field of integrated water management could benefit considerably from social science knowledge, as many environmental changes are human-induced. Unfortunately the adequate incorporation of qualitative social science concepts in a quantitative modeling framework is not straightforward. The applicability of fuzzy set theory and fuzzy cognitive maps for the integration of qualitative scenarios in a decision–support system was examined for the urbanization of the coastal city of Ujung Pandang, Indonesia. The results indicate that both techniques are useful tools for the design of integrated models based on a combination of concepts from the natural and social sciences.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1019187917141
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Treatment of Young Spruce Shoots with SO2 and H2S: Effects on Fine Root Chromosomes in Relation to Changes in the Thiol Content and Redox State (1999)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 116 (1999), S. 423-428 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Keywords: sulfur ; redox status ; thiol ; chromosome ; glutathione ; Picea omorika
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Three year old spruce trees (Picea omorika) were exposed to 100 and 225 nl l-1 SO2 and H2S for three weeks. The number of chromosomal aberrations and the mitotic index in the root tip meristems, and glutathione and cysteine contents in fine roots were determined twice weekly. An increase in glutathione content in fine roots of H2S exposed plants was only detectable after 13 days of fumigation. The number of chromosomal aberrations increased significantly after 9 days of exposure to 225 nl l-1 H2S and after 13 days of exposure to 225 nl l-1 SO2 or 100 nl l-1 H2S. This increase in chromosomal damage persisted up to the end of the 3 week treatment. Neither SO2 nor H2S exposure affected the cysteine content or the redox state of glutathione in fine roots. These results suggest that the development of chromosomal aberrations during SO2 and H2S exposures does not directly reflect changes in thiol/glutathione content or redox state in the fine roots.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005275629427
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inventory control in multi-echelon divergent systems with random lead times (1999)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 21 (1999), S. 331-359 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Keywords: Key words: Inventory – Multi-echelon – Divergent – Allocation – Random lead times ; Schlüsselwörter: Lagerhaltung – Mehrstufig – Divergierend – Allokation – Unsichere Wiederbeschaffungszeiten
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Die Arbeit behandelt das Problem des Bestandsmanagements in mehrstufigen, divergierenden Lagerhaltungssystemen mit stochastischen Wiederbeschaffungszeiten. Die Steuerung erfolgt mittels einer systemweiten Bestellgrenzenregel bei periodischer Kontrolle. Es wird ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung von Bestellgrenzen und Allokationsparametern zur Einhaltung vorgegebener ( $\beta$ -) Servicegrade konstruiert. Ausführliche numerische Untersuchungen zeigen die zufriedenstellende Genauigkeit der heuristischen Vorgehensweise. Weiterhin wird gezeigt, daß die Variabilität der Wiederbeschaffungszeiten einen erheblichen Einfluß auf die erforderlichen Bestände haben kann und nicht vernachlässigt werden darf. Außerdem zeigt sich, daß die Korrelationsstruktur in den Wiederbeschaffungszeiten ebenfalls von erheblicher Bedeutung sein kann.
    Notes: Abstract. This paper deals with integral inventory control in multi-echelon divergent systems with stochastic lead times. The policy considered is an echelon stock, periodic review, order-up-to (R, S) policy. A computational method is derived to obtain the order-up-to level and the allocation fractions required to achieve given target fill rates. Extensive numerical experimentation shows that the accuracy of our approximate method is satisfactory. Further we show that variation in the lead times may have a significant effect on the stock levels required to achieve given target fill rates, hence this variation may not be ignored. Also, it appears that the correlation structure in the lead times may have a significant impact as well.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002910050093
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The simultaneous determination of the assignment ofitems to resources, the cycle times, and the reorderintervals in repetitive PCB assembly (1999)
    Springer
    Annals of operations research 92 (1999), S. 381-401 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9338
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Notes: Abstract The planning and scheduling of repetitive PCB assembly is usually very complicated.In this paper, we propose a solution method for the simultaneous determination of theassignment of different PCB types to capacity constrained assembly lines, the assemblycycle times of the PCB types, and the reorder intervals of the required component types.This method takes the limited capacity into account as well as the component commonality ofthe PCB types. The solution method consists of two heuristics. The first heuristic determinesthe cycle times of the PCB types and the reorder intervals of the component types in orderto minimise the sum of the set‐up, holding, and ordering costs for given assignments.This method is used as a sub‐algorithm in the second heuristic, a local searchalgorithm. The latter heuristic defines an assignment for which a local minimum of cost isachieved. A case study has been carried out in which the algorithm has been applied toreal‐life data. It appears that the present cost can be reduced by almost 38%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018903302505
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tissue- and cell-specific distribution of creatine kinase B: A new and highly specific monoclonal antibody for use in immunohistochemistry (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 280 (1995), S. 435-446 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Creatine kinase ; B-subunit ; Monoclonal antibody ; Immunohistochemistry ; Immuno-electron microscopy ; Western blot ; Mouse (C57BL/6) ; Rabbit (New Zealand White)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. A synthetic 17-mer peptide corresponding to an unique sequence in the amino-terminal region of human creatine kinase B was used to raise a new and highly B-subunit-specific monoclonal antibody, CK-BYK/21E10. We show here that the monoclonal antibody is suitable for immunohistochemistry of unfixed frozen sections as well as formaldehyde- or Bouin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of human, rabbit, and mouse tissues. Moreover, in the study of cell- and tissue-specific distribution patterns, parallel Western blot analysis and immuno-electron microscopy is possible using this antibody. Our analyses demonstrate that creatine kinase B expression is restricted to a specific subset of cell types in various tissues. In brain, the B-subunit was found only in neurocytes, but not in glia cells. High expression was also observed in inner segments of photoreceptor cells and the outer plexiform layer of the retina, in the parietal cells of the stomach and in gut enterocytes, gallbladder and epithelial cells of the urogenital system. The possible roles of the creatine kinase/phosphocreatine-ATP system in these tissues are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307817
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the newsboy model with a cutoff transaction size (2000)
    Springer
    IIE transactions 32 (2000), S. 461-469 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9724
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper we analyse the effect of a cutoff transaction size on the average inventory cost in a simple newsboy setting. It is assumed that customers with an order larger than a prespecified cutoff transaction size are satisfied in an alternative way, against additional cost. For compound Poisson demand with discrete order sizes, we show how to determine the average cost and an optimal cutoff transaction size. Because the computational effort to calculate the exact cost is quite large, we also consider an approximate model. By approximating the distribution of the total demand during a period by the normal distribution one can determine an expression for the average cost function that solely depends on the cutoff transaction size. A significant advantage of this approximation is that we can solve problems of any size. The quality of using the normal approximation is evaluated through a number of numerical experiments, which show that the approximate results are satisfactory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007649027857
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  • 9
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    Tissue- and cell-specific distribution of creatine kinase B: A new and highly specific monoclonal antibody for use in immunohistochemistry (1995)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-04-01
    Print ISSN: 0302-766X
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0878
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer
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  • 10
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    Tissue- and cell-specific distribution of creatine kinase B: A new and highly specific monoclonal antibody for use in immunohistochemistry (1995)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-05-01
    Print ISSN: 0302-766X
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0878
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer
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