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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of major histocompatibility antigens on human thymocytes studied using monoclonal antibodies (1980)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 11 (1980), S. 629-635 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01567831
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extensive gene duplications and a large inversion characterize the human leukocyte receptor cluster (2000)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 51 (2000), S. 703-713 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Keywords: Natural killer cell receptors Immunoglobulin superfamily Evolution Chromosome 19q13.4 Leukocyte receptor cluster
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The chromosomal region 19q13.4 harbors the human leukocyte receptor cluster (LRC) which has been demonstrated to contain 19 genes encoding leukocyte-expressed receptors of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily. A spotted PAC library was used to construct a contig of 65 overlapping clones spanning the complete LRC. Within the 900 kb covered by the contig, we identified one cluster containing killer cell inhibitory receptor genes and two clusters containing Ig-like transcript (ILT) genes. Of these, the second ILT cluster, located at the centromeric end of the LRC, was previously unknown. Detailed analysis of the ILT receptor genes in this cluster revealed one novel (ILT11) and six already known ILT genes. The two ILT clusters are transcribed in opposite directions and are separated by about 200 kb, which contains two leukocyte-associated inhibitory receptor (LAIR) genes. The data suggest that the two ILT clusters, each including one LAIR locus, arose from a single ancestral ILT/LAIR cluster by inverse duplication of a large genomic fragment. Furthermore, the NK cell-expressed NKp46 gene was localized 20 kb telomeric of FCAR; and 14 novel genes mapping within the LRC were identified by cDNA selection. Together with the gene for the ribosomal protein S9 (RPS9), which had previously been assigned to 19q13.4, the total number of LRC genes is now 44. Of these, 29 belong to the Ig superfamily.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002510000187
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Presence of an expressed β-tubulin gene (TUBB) in the HLA class I region may provide the genetic basis for HLA-linked microtubule dysfunction (1994)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 93 (1994), S. 42-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract An expressed β-tubulin gene (TUBB) has previously been localized to chromosome region 6pter-p21 in man. By using a panel of deletion mutant cell lines and radiation-reduced hybrids containing fragments of chromosome 6, the TUBB locus could be mapped to the HLA class I region at 6p21.3. A long range restriction map including TUBB and several HLA class I genes was then generated by rotating field gel electrophoresis. The results show that TUBB maps to a segment 170–370 kb telomeric of HLA-C. This location suggests that a mutation at the TUBB locus could be the cause for certain forms of HLAlinked microtubule dysfunction, including immotile cilia syndrome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00218911
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    K562 cells express human major histocompatibility antigens (1981)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 13 (1981), S. 359-365 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00364503
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serological and biochemical characterization of HLA-A molecules bearing a public epitope (1988)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 27 (1988), S. 61-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00404446
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of extracellular calcium and volume changes in the compound eye of the honeybee drone,Apis mellifera (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 165 (1989), S. 697-709 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Superfused slices of drone retina were used for a quantitative analysis of light-induced changes in extracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]o) and extracellular space (ECS) volume. 20-ms light flashes elicited biphasic changes in [Ca2+]o. For a saturating flash a brief, initial decrease was followed by a transient increase of 120±34 μM. Long, dim steps of light (5 min) produced either a decrease or an increase in [Ca2+]o depending strongly on the previous illumination. Brighter continuous lights caused the [Ca2+]o to increase transiently by 1.4 mM to a peak from which it decayed to a plateau, up to 0.6 mM above the dark concentration. Light flashes (20 ms) caused a shrinkage in ECS volume not exceeding 4%. Thus, changes in [Ca2+]o were almost completely due to Ca2+ fluxes between the ECS and adjacent cells. Continuous lights caused a shrinkage in ECS volume rarely exceeding 16%–20%. Thus, less than 15% of the measured Ca2+ changes could be attributed to shrinkage of the ECS. These data confirm that the ECS functions as a source and a sink for Ca2+ mobilized by light. For comparison, we also made a few measurements of changes in [Ca2+]o in the retina ofCalliphora.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00611001
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transmission disequilibrium and sequence variants at the leptin receptor gene in extremely obese German children and adolescents (1998)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 103 (1998), S. 540-546 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Genetic determinants of the degree of obesity and body fat distribution have been demonstrated by family studies. The heritability has been estimated to be in the range 0.2–0.7. Mutation leading to obesity in humans has been described for only two genes, one of them the leptin gene. The leptin gene codes for a cytokine secreted by fat cells that binds to the leptin receptor (Lep-R), which exerts some of its biological functions by expression in the brain. Hence, the Lep-R gene appears to be a promising candidate for the determination of obesity in humans. We isolated genomic DNA clones from the Lep-R gene region and identified a new polymorphic microsatellite marker (OBR-CA) within 80 kb of the translation start of Lep-R. We genotyped this and a second, intragenic microsatellite marker (D1S2852) in 130 nuclear families consisting of extremely obese children and adolescents and both parents. Using the most frequent parental allele of both markers, our analysis revealed a significant transmission disequilibrium for the 266-bp allele of D1S2852 (corrected P-value=0.042). No significant result was obtained with the most frequent allele of OBR-CA (corrected P-value=1.0). However, two rare alleles showed transmission disequilibrium and were subsequently used for constructing a haplotype with the 266-bp allele. This haplotype had a transmission rate of 80% (nominal P-value=0.02). In order to identify the underlying mutation, we sequenced all coding exons of Lep-R and the partially overlapping gene encoding the obese receptor gene-related protein (ob-rgrp) in individuals carrying this haplotype. We found one new mutation (Ser675Thr) in the Lep-R gene in one proband and several other mutations known to be not associated with obesity in other study groups. As this new mutation cannot explain our positive linkage result, the transmission disequilibrium of the 266-bp allele and the high transmission rate of the identified haplotype point towards a mutation in close proximity to marker D1S2852.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004390050867
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    HLA antigen expression at the single cell level on a K562 × B cell hybrid: An analysis with monoclonal antibodies using bacterial binding assays (1982)
    Springer
    Somatic cell and molecular genetics 8 (1982), S. 775-789 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9931
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The influence of different genetic environments on the expression of HLA complex-controlled antigens has been investigated using cell lines with various defects in the synthesis of these molecules and a somatic cell hybrid derived from them. A very sensitive bacterial binding assay allowing simultaneous evaluation of the morphology of a given cell and the quantity of a surface molecule has been developed for these studies. The fetal erythroid cell line K562, the Burkitt's lymphoma-derived cell line DAUDI, and their hybrid DUTKO1 have been employed. K562 and the hybrid, but not DAUDI, expressed HLA-A, B, C heavy chains as detected by the monoclonal antibody W6/32.HL, while two monoclonal antibodies (TÜ48 and 2BC4) against the supertypic specificities HLA-Bw4 and Bw6 showed no reactivity. The presence of human Ia-like antigens on the cell surfaces was investigated with a panel of eight monoclonal antibodies. K562 cells were completely unreactive, and DAUDI cells gave the expected positive reaction, but about 1% or less of the cells in the DUTKO1 population appeared to express these antigens as well. We discuss possible reasons for the failure to detect HLA-B antigens with monoclonal antibodies and the lack of complete “dominance” of the K562 genome in the hybrid cell line.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01543018
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural evidence for transepithelial calcium transport in the anterior sternal epithelium of the terrestrial isopod Porcellio scaber (Crustacea) during the formation and resorption of CaCO3 deposits (1996)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 284 (1996), S. 459-466 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Calcium ions ; Calcium transport ; Calcium resorption ; Porcellio scaber (Crustacea)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Before the molt, terrestrial isopods store large amounts of calcium carbonate between the epithelium and the old cuticle of the first four anterior sternites. In order to test whether the anterior sternal epithelium has specific structural differentiations indicative of transepithelial ion transport, the anterior sternal epithelium and, as a control, the posterior sternal epithelium were studied using electron-microscopical techniques. During the formation of calcium carbonate deposits, the basolateral plasma membrane of the anterior sternal epithelium forms an elaborate interconnected network of interstitial dilations and channels. Numerous osmiophilic granules occur within this basolateral intercellular network during resorption of the calcium carbonate deposits. Electron energy-loss spectroscopy of the osmiophilic granules indicates that they contain calcium. During the resorption of the calcium carbonate deposits, the apical plasma membrane of the anterior sternal epithelium has many subcuticular folds. An interstitial network, osmiophilic granules, and apical, subcuticular folds do not occur in the posterior sternal epithelium. Taken together, these structural features are indicative of transepithelial ion transport and are probably necessary for the formation and resorption of the anterior sternal calcium carbonate deposits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410050606
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Are the most numerous sensilla of terrestrial isopods hygroreceptors? Ultrastructure of the dorsal tricorn sensilla of Porcellio scaber (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 282 (1995), S. 135-145 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Mechanoreceptors ; Hygroreceptors ; Sensilla ; Woodlouse, Porcellio scaber (Crustacea)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The ultrastructure of the tricorn sensilla of the woodlouse Porcellio scaber was investigated in cryofixed and freeze-substituted, or chemically fixed specimens. The tricorn sensilla have a foramenized triangular-shaped outer hair and bear a poreless rod-like inner hair. The conical base of the inner hair is connected to the base of the outer hair by a complex cuticular structure. Each sensillum contains three sensory cells. The tip of one of the three dendrites contains a tubular body and is clamped between two bulges of the dendritic sheath. The two other dendrites protrude to the tip of the inner hair, flush against the cuticular wall. The microtubules in the ciliary segments are arranged in nine double tubuli that have neither osmiophilic cores nor arms. The ciliary rootlets are small. The inner segment of the largest dendrite wraps around the two smaller dendrites and one of seven enveloping cells in a mesaxon-like manner. Although this ultrastructure deviates considerably from most crustacean mechanosensitive sensilla, it nevertheless suggests a mechanosensitive function, at least for one of the sensory cells. In many aspects, the tricorn sensilla resemble the thermohygrosensilla of insects. However, our results suggest that the structural criteria for thermo-hygro-sensitivity used in insects cannot simply be applied to crustaceans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00319140
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